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Comparative Study on Bioaccumulation and Translocation of Heavy Metals in some Native Plant Species along the Bank of Chromite Contaminated Damsal Nala of Sukinda Valley, Odisha, India

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Environmental Science, Sambhu Nath College, Labpur, Birbhum, W.B., India
  • 2Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, W.B., India

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 5, Issue (7), Pages 32-52, July,10 (2016)

Abstract

Present study was conducted during the years 2009 - \'10, \'10 - \'11 and \'11 - \'12 and investigated the bioaccumulation and translocation of chromium, lead and cadmium in few native plant species based on seasonal and comparative analysis on uncontaminated and contaminated sites of Damsal nala in search of a better phytoremediating plant species. The heavy metal concentration in various plant species showed wide range of seasonal fluctuations in different tissues like root (Cr: 1.99 to 192.24 mg kg-1; Pb: 10.03 to 162.40 mg kg-1; Cd: 4.12 to 30.33 mg kg-1), stem (Cr: zero to 130.15 mg kg-1; Pb: 2.99 to 98.40 mg kg-1; Cd: zero to 23.80 mg kg-1) and leaf (Cr: zero to 111.09 mg kg-1; Pb: zero to 66.12 mg kg-1; Cd: zero to 9.21 mg kg-1). The degree of accumulation of three metals among the native plant species of upstream region was found in the order of Pb > Cd > Cr, whereas in downstream region it was of Cr > Pb > Cd. The degree of accumulation was also tissues-wise different like, root > stem > leaf. Plant-wise accumulation of Cr in upstream region was Syzygium fruticosum > Cassia alata > Ipomoea fistulosa > Hollarhena antidysenterica; lead and cadmium were Syzygium fruticosum > Cassia alata > Hollarhena antidysenterica > Ipomoea fistulosa. But in the downstream region the trend was, for chromium, in the order of Syzygium heyneanum > Cassia alata > Ipomoea fistulosa > Aganosma caryophyllata; for lead and cadmium were in the order of Aganosma caryophyllata > Cassia alata > Syzygium heyneanum > Ipomoea fistulosa and Ipomoea fistulosa > Aganosma caryophyllata > Syzygium heyneanum > Cassia alata respectively. The study of Translocation Ability (TA) revealed that the quantities of heavy metals in root exceeded those in shoot (i.e., stem or leaf). Again, the quantities of heavy metals in the stem exceeded those in leaf.

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