@Research Paper
<#LINE#>A study of Reading habits among B.Ed. Trainee Teachers belonging to different Faculty<#LINE#>Vaishali@Mahakulkar,Shashi@Wanjari<#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-231.pdf<#LINE#>2 Vivekanand P.G. college of Education, Warora District Chandrapur INDIA @ Department of Education Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Nagpur, INDIA<#LINE#>21/9/2015<#LINE#>16/10/2015<#LINE#>The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare reading habits of art, commerce and science streams trainee teachers, to compare their daily reading, reason for reading, time spend for reading, the language in which they like reading, the sources of reading materials and the material they likes to read. The study was carried out in four hundred each of art, commerce and science faculty B.Ed. trainee teachers, randomly drawn from the colleges of Vidharbha region. In the study, questionnaire was developed and applied to all the trainee teachers. <#LINE#> @ @ Artley S., Your Child Learns to Read. Chicago: Scott Foresman, (1953) @No $ @ @ Yilmaz B., Problems with Reading Habit and a Struggle Sample Recommendations for Turkey, Turk Kutuphaneciligi, 12(3), 252-258 (1998) @No $ @ @ Allington R.L., The schools we have. The schools weneed. The Reading teacher, 48, 14-29 ( 1994) @No $ @ @ Ruddell R.B., Those influential literacy teacher: Meaning negotiators and motivation builders, The reading teacher, 48, 454-463 (1995) @No $ @ @ Skinner E.A. and Belmont M.J., Motivation in the classroom; Reciprocal effects of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year, Journal of educational psychology, 85, 571-581 (1993) @No $ @ @ Flahavan J.F., Gambrell L.B., Guthrie J., Stahl S.,Baumann J.F., and Alvermann D.E., Aug/Sep. Poll results guide activity of reaserch center, Reading Today, 12(1992) @No $ @ @ Nandy Questionnaire on reading habit amongst teenagers. http://answer.yahoo.com/question (2009) @No $ @ @ Reading Habits of Central Library Users: A Case Study of Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, IndiaA. Vellaichamy and R. Jeyshankar, Res. J. Library Sci.,2(2), 6-10 (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Role of Self-efficacy and Family Environment in Regulating Psychological Well Being of Adolescents<#LINE#>Antony P.@Mary,K.@Manikandan<#LINE#>8-14<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-269.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Psychology, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Pin: 673 635, Kerala, INDIA <#LINE#>28/10/2015<#LINE#>14/11/2015<#LINE#>  The aim of the study was to understand the role of self-efficacy and family interactions and environment in regulating psychological wellbeing of adolescents. Self-efficacy is the beliefs that individuals hold about their own abilities to make plans for and execute tasks within a specific domain to effectively lead to specific goals. Family plays vital role in moulding individuals’ personality. Family environment characterized by conflict, unhealthy relationships and poor parenting are closely associated with building up troublesome individuals. Psychological well-being is usually conceptualised as some combination of positive affective states such as happiness and functioning with optimal effectiveness in individual and social life.  Adolescents have very special and distinct needs and be treated carefully which in turn helps in developing robust citizens for the country.  The participants of the study consist of 200 adolescents and collected data using Self-efficacy Scale, Family Environment Scale, Psychological Well Being Scale and Personal Information sheet. Results revealed that there exist significant sex difference among adolescents in variables such as psychological wellbeing and sub dimensions of family environment organization and control. There exists significant religious difference for variables self-efficacy, psychological wellbeing and two dimensions of family environment namely intellectual cultural orientation and moral religious emphasis. In the case of family type neither nuclear nor joint have any significant difference between self-efficacy, psychological wellbeing and also on ten dimensions of family environment.    <#LINE#> @ @  Hurlock E.B., Developmental Psychology-A life Span Approach, Mcgraw -Hill Publishing Co.Ltd (1996) @No $ @ @  Bradburn N., The structure of psychological well-being., (1969) @No $ @ @  Diener E., Subjective well-being,  Psychological Bulletin., 95, 542–575 (1984) @No $ @ @  Kahneman D., Diener E. and Schwarz, N., Well-being: Foundations of hedonic psychology(Eds).,(1999) @No $ @ @  Lyubomirsky S. and Lepper H.S., A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research., 46, 137–15 (1999) @No $ @ @  Rogers C., On becoming a person., Houghton Mifflin (1961) @No $ @ @  Ryff C.D., Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of  psychological well-being, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology., 57, 1069–1081(1989a) @No $ @ @  Ryff C.D., Beyond Ponce de Leon and life satisfaction: New directions in quest of successful ageing, International Journal of Behavioral Development., 12, 35–55 (1989b) @No $ @ @  Waterman A.S., Two conceptions of happiness: Contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment,  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology., 64(4), 678–691(1993) @No $ @ @  Diener E., Subjective well-being, In E. Diener (Ed.), The science of well-being., 11–58 (2009) @No $ @ @  Michaelson J., Abdallah S., Steuer N., Thompson S. and Marks N., National accounts of well-being Bringing real wealth onto the balance sheet (2009) @No $ @ @ Stiglitz J., Sen A. and Fitoussi J. P. Report by the commission on the measurement of  economic performance and social progress, (2009) @No $ @ @ Pollard E. and Lee P., Child well-being: A Systematic review of the literature Social Indicators Research,(2003) @No $ @ @ Deci E.L. and Ryan R.M., Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: An introduction, Journal of Happines Studies., 9, 1–11, 61(1), 9–78 (2008) @No $ @ @ Huppert F., Psychological Well-being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences, Applied  Psychology, (2009) @No $ @ @ Bandura A., Self-efficacy toward a unified theory of behavioral change, Psychological review, 84, 191-215, (1977) @No $ @ @ Birch, Adolescents whose parents are divorced: An interview study and Ethnographic Analysis, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, (1987) @No $ @ @ Bandura A., Self-efficacy in changing societies., Freeman Publishing, (1995) @No $ @ @ Schneewind. and  Klaus., Impact of family processes on Control Beliefs, In Albert Bandura (ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies., 114-148, (1995) @No $ @ @ Manikandan K., Self-Efficacy Scale, Department of Psychology, University of Calicut, (2015) @No $ @ @ Manikandan K. and Mary Antony P., Psychological Well Being Scale, Department of Psychology, and University of Calicut, (2015) @No $ @ @ Moos R.H and Moos B.S., Family Environment Scale Manual, Consulting Psychological Press Inc., (1981) @No
<#LINE#>An Analysis of Spatio -Temporal Changes in the Pattern of Crop Diversification in Indian Agriculture<#LINE#>Ravendra@Singh<#LINE#>15-20<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-280.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Geography, DSE, University of Delhi, INDIA<#LINE#>7/11/2015<#LINE#>16/11/2015<#LINE#> The key objective of this study is to analyze the spatial variation and temporal perspective of the changing pattern and level of crop diversification in Indian agriculture between 2002-03 and 2012-13. Crop diversification signifies practicing of multiple cropping systems which is also an integral part of structural transformation of an economy. Data related to the study were collected from Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. For measuring the level of crop diversification, Bhatia’s method, Herphindal’s method, Gibb’s and Martin’s methods have been used. Results of the study have revealed that the level of crop diversification in Indian agriculture has increased during the study period. Karnataka has topped among the most crop diversified states in India which is followed by Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Chhattisgarh, Tripura and Odisha have been found among the less crop diversified states. It has also been noticed that the level of crop diversification in larger states of India have shown a decreasing trend whereas in smaller states it has increased during the study period. <#LINE#> @ @ Gupta H., Organic Farming and Horticulture: New Dimension of Agricultural Development in MP, India, International Research Journal of Social Science,2(7), 14-18 (2013) @No $ @ @ State of Indian Agriculture, 2012-13, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Directorate of Economic and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India(2014) @No $ @ @ Sampath K.M., Vasantha R., Shivcharan G. and Reddy M.M.K., Knowledge of Paddy and Irrigated Growers on Agricultural Implements and Machinery, Research Journal of Recent science, 4(IVC-2015), 6-10 (2015) @No $ @ @ Das A.J., Kumar M. and Kumar R., Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): An Alternative of Chemical Fertilizer for Sustainable, Environment Friendly Agriculture, Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,1(4), 21-23 (2013) @No $ @ @ Velavan C. and Balaji P., Crop Diversification in Tamil Nadu: A Temporal Analysis, Agricultural Situation in India, 655-656 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mishra R. and Sinh A., Crop Diversification in Indian Agriculture, Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities,4(8), 113-120 (2014) @No $ @ @ Singh R., Kumar S.S., Mishra D.J. and Mishra U.K., Emerging Trends in Indian Agriculture: A Review,Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(ISC-2013) @No, 36-38 (2013) @No $ @ @ De U.K. Bodosa K., Crop Diversification in Assam and Use of Modern Inputs under Changing Climatic Condition. Journal of Climatology and Weather Forecasting,2(2), 2-14 (2014) @No $ @ @ Chakraborty A., Crop Diversification in Murshidabad District, West Bengal: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis, International Journal of Physical and Social Science,2(7),394-403 (2012) @No $ @ @ Todkari G.R., Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Crop Diversification in Solapur District, Golden Research Thoughts,1(8), 1-4, (2012) @No $ @ @ Acharya S.P., Basavaraja H., Kunnal L.B., Mahajanashetti S.B and Bhat A.R.S., Crop Diversifications: An Economic Analysis, Agricultural Economic Research Review,24,351-357 (2011) @No $ @ @ Joshi P.K., Gulati A., Birthal S.P. and Laxmi T., Agricultural Diversification in South Asia: Pattern, Determinants and Policy Implication, Economic and Political Weekly,39(24), 2257-2467 (2004) @No $ @ @ Saha J., Crop Diversification in Indian Agriculture with Special Reference to Emerging Crops, Transactions,35(1),139-143 (2013) @No $ @ @ MoA, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Socio Economic Status in a Hilly Region: A Case Study of Munnar, Idukki District, Kerala, India<#LINE#>Md Kutubuddin@Dhali<#LINE#>21-27<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-286.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Geography, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA <#LINE#>12/11/2015<#LINE#>15/11/2015<#LINE#>  This paper is mainly focused on the socio-economic status of a hilly region of India. The present study is confined in the socio-economic character in Munnar, Kerala. Socio-economic framework is the basic key for country’s development. Munnar is a beautiful clean hilly area of Kerala state in India. It is an important tourist spot of Kerala government. Socio-economic condition and its significant scenario are the main factors for country’s progress. Social structure, political stability, government policy, economic growth, educational pattern, demographic graph, women empowerment and food security- these are most important features in this area. Here ‘Kerala Model’ is apt for this type of work. Hilly region basically shows an under developed and isolated from main traditional society in 3rd world and developing country but here Munnar socio-economic structure is different. Socio-economic structure is dynamic; it is changing over time to time. This work examines the present socio-economic condition of Munnar by Primary survey and field experience.   <#LINE#> @ @  Census of India, Population report, (2011) @No $ @ @  CSSEIP Human Development Report of Tribal Communities in Kerala. Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy (CSSEIP), CUSAT, Kerala, (2010) @No $ @ @  Shuang Ji and Koblinsky, Parent involvement in children’s education: An exploratory study of urban, Chinese immigrant families. Urban Education, 44(6), 687-709, (2009) @No $ @ @  Kulshrestha SP  and Day P, Socio-economic status scale (Urban) form-A, National Psychological Corporation, Agra, (1972) @No $ @ @  Rajasenan D.et al., Health, Education and Employment in a Forward-Backward Dichotomy Based on Standard of Living Index for the Tribes in Kerala, 100-108, (2013) @No $ @ @  Fantuzzo J., Tighe E. and Childs S., Family involvement questionnaire: a multivariate assessment of family participation in early childhood education, Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(2), 367-376, (2000) @No $ @ @  UNDP, Human Development Report 2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://hdr.undp.org/en/media /hdr_200, (2013) @No $ @ @  Rajeswari K.V., Socio-economic status and Parental Involvement: a Comparison among Tribal, Fisher folk and Muslim majority Secondary Schools of Kerala, 51-56, (2014) @No $ @ @  Ramadas K.et.al., Socio-economic factors and longevity in a cohort of Kerala State, India, 479-486, (2011) @No $ @ @ Government of Kerala, Department of Economics and Statistics, Economic and Purpose Classification of Kerala Government Budget 1993-94 to 1998-99, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, (2000) @No $ @ @  Centre for Socio-Economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), Entry Barriers to Professional Education in Kerala. Kochi, (1997) @No $ @ @ District Urbanisation Report, Idukki, (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Tourism Interfaces in Balasore Coastal Tract, Odisha: A Geo-Perspective View to Develop the Sustainability of Tourism Sectors<#LINE#>Nilay Kanti@Barman,Ashis Kumar@Paul,Soumendu@Chatterjee,Amrit@Kamila<#LINE#>28-37<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-296.pdf<#LINE#>2 Department of Geography, Hijli College, Kharagpur, INDIA @ Department of Geography and Environment Management, Vidyasgar University, Midnapore, INDIA @ Department of Geography, Presidency University, Kolkata, INDIA  <#LINE#>19/9/2015<#LINE#>25/10/2015<#LINE#>  Balasore is famous for its long sea beach and pleasant natural beauty. This district is noted for the river Subarnarekha, Buhdabalanga and also the extended calm sea beach. It is also bestowed with the Chandipur, Talsari and Bichitrapur sea Beach. Balasore is appreciated for its salt, Brass utensils, stone and clay works. Ayodhya, Balaramgadi, Bardhanpur, Bhusandeswar, Chandaneswar, Chandipur, Kasaphal, Langaleswar, Laxmannath, Panchalingeswar, Raibania, Remuna, Sajanagarh, Talasari, Tripisagadia and Kupari are some of the places of tourist interest. The sustainable development as a strategic tool requires a process of planning and management that brings together a series of interests and indigenous people’s concerns in the form of planning and development. The objective of this present research is to study the indigenous people’s attitude in Coastal tract of Balasore district, Odisha- towards the impacts of coastal tourism as also to suggest the strategic interventions for current problems and future needs through intensive field survey and human perception survey with the help of some statistical methods and GIS tools. The study finding suggests that the residents’ participation and co-operation is necessary to make the tourism development more sustainable.  <#LINE#> @ @  Wong P.P., Tourism versus Environment: the case for coastal areas. Boston, Kluwer Publisher, Dordrecht (1993) @No $ @ @  Ehler C.N., Cicin-Sain B., Knecht R., South R. and Weiher R., Guidelines to assist policy makers and managers of coastalareas in the integration of coastal management programmes andnational climate-change action lands, Ocean and Coastal Management, 37(1), 7-27, (1997) @No $ @ @  UNWTO, National and Regional Tourism Planning: Methodologies and Case Studies, WTO, Madrid, (1994) @No $ @ @  Neto F., A new approach to sustainable tourism development: Moving beyond environmental protection, Natural Resources Forum, 27(3), 212-222, (2003) @No $ @ @  Gossling S., Market integration and ecosystem, (2003) @No $ @ @  Kaiser G., Risk and vulnerability analysis to coastal hazards-an approach to integrated assessment, PhD thesis, Christian Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany, (2006) @No $ @ @  Bird E.C.F., Coastal geomorphology: an introduction. 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Krakow, Poland, (2002) @No $ @ @  Durovic M., Lovrentjev, S., Indicators of Sustainability in Cultural Tourism, The Macro theme Review, A Microdisciplinary Journal of Global Macrotrends, 3(7), 51.[39], (2014) @No $ @ @  EEA, The changing faces of Europes Coastal areas, EEA6/2006, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, (2006) @No $ @ @  Clark J.R., Integrated Management of Coastal Zones, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 327, Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, Rome, (1992) @No $ @ @  TERI, Measuring, monitoring and managing sustainability in Indian coastal areas: The socio economic dimensions, (2011) @No $ @ @  Sorensen J., The International Proliferation of Integrated Coastal Zone Management Efforts, Ocean and Coastal management, 21, 45-80, (1993) @No $ @ @  UNEP,  Sustainable Coastal Tourism: An Integrated Planning and Management Approach, (2009) @No $ @ @  Kanji F., A global perspective on the challenges of coastal tourism, Coastal Development Centre, Bangkok, (2006) @No $ @ @ IESWM, Environmental Impact Assessment and Social Impact Assessment, Under National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project of North 24 Pargana District, W.B. Institute of Environmental Studies and Wetland Management, Kolkata, (2010) @No $ @ @ Atkinson G., Dubourg R., Hamilton K., Munasinghe M., Pearce D. and Young C., Measuring Sustainable Development: macroeconomics and the environment. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited,  252, (1997) @No $ @ @ Miller. M., Auyong J and Hadley N.P., (eds) Sustainable Coastal Tourism: Challenges for Management, Planning and Education, in: Proceedings of the 1999 International Symposium on Coastal and Marine Tourism: Balancing Tourism and Conservation, University of Washington, Oregon State University and Oceans Blue Foundation, Seattle, W.A, 3-20.88, (2002) @No $ @ @  Dyson, R.G., Strategic development and SWOT analysis at the University of Warwick, European Journal of Operational Research 152, 631–640. Science Direct. Elsevier, (2004) @No $ @ @ Bbernroider E., Factors in SWOT Analysis Applied to Micro, Small to Medium and Large Software Enterprises: An Austrian Study. 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@Research Article
<#LINE#>Relocating Gender in Post Conflict Situation: An Insight into the Assam Scenario<#LINE#>Rakhi Moni@Gogoi<#LINE#>38-42<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-252.pdf<#LINE#>Haflong Government College, Dima Hasao District- 788819, Assam, INDIA<#LINE#>13/10/2015<#LINE#>20/11/2015<#LINE#>  Relocation of people after conflict is not an easy process. There are many hardships and challenges that the victims faced after conflict situation. The present paper is an attempt to see what types of challenges the post conflict returnees experienced after conflict especially the womenfolk. The study tries to understand it from perspective of gender. <#LINE#> @ @ Harders C., Gender Relations, Violence and conflict transformation, website at: www.berghof-handbook.net   @No $ @ @ Hickel M., Protection of Internally Displaced Persons  Affected by Armed Conflict: Concept and Changes, RICR September, IRRC, 83(843), 699 (2001) @No $ @ @ Greenberg and Zuckerman, The Gender Dimensions Of Post  Conflict Reconstruction: The Challenges In    Development Aid, published in Tony and Bruiick , Tilman (ed.) Making Peace Work: the challenges  of social  and economic reconstruction, UNU-WIDER www.genderaction.org/images/GenderDimensionsPCR_2009.pdf, (2009) @No $ @ @ Gunnarsson E., The Gender Dimension-Part 2: Operationalising Gender Theory In Research Design, NIWL, Sweden, 153 @No $ @ @ United Nations, Security Council Resolution 1325 UN Department of Public Information, New York (2000) @No $ @ @ Cahn Naomi R., Womenin Post Conflict Reconstruction: Dilemmas and Directions, William and Mary Journal of Women and the Law, .12(2), art.4. , 339, www.scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol12/iss2/4  (2006) @No $ @ @ Mukhi P., Redefining Peace In India’s North East, In Prasenjit Biswas and C.J.Thomas (ed.) Book ‘Peace in India’s North East India: Meaning, Metaphor , And Method: Essays of Concern And commitment, Regency Publications, New Delhi (2006) @No $ @ @ Neill Morina O’, Connolly E., An Overview Of Current International Campaigns on Gender in a Development Context, Trócaire Development Review, Dublin, 179 (2007) @No $ @ @ Greenberg and Zuckerman, The Gender Dimension of Post Conflict Reconstructions: the challenges in Development aid, United Nations University,UNU-WIDER Research Paper No.2006/62(2006) @No $ @ @ Hirpa M., Gender Equity: Emphasizing full participation. www.heifer.org/site/c.ed/JRKQNiFiG/b.485979  (2007) @No $ @ @ Cahn Naomi R., Women in Post Conflict Reconstruction: Dilemmas and Directions, William and Mary Journal of Women and the Law, 12(2), art.4. , 338, www.scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol12/iss2/4, (2006) @No $ @ @ Badurdeen F.A., Ending Internal Displacement: the long term IDPs in Sri Lanka, RSC working paper, working paper series 66, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford, (2010) @No $ @ @ Assam Violence: Camps Closing Down, Refugees Return Home, www.outlookindia.com/news/article/Assam-Violence-Camps-Closing-Down-Refugees-Return-Home/875297,  (2015) @No $ @ @ Major Incidence of Terrorist Violence In Assamwww.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/assam/data_sheets/majorincidents.htm  (19 - 09-208 ) @No $ @ @ Mandal  M., Internal Displacement in India: Status, condition and prospects of return,  Refugee Watch, 33 (2009) @No $ @ @ Cernea M.,  The Benefit –Sharing Principle In Resettlement, Renu Modi (ed.)Beyond Relocation: the    imperative of sustainable resettlement, Sage Publication, New Delhi (2009) @No $ @ @ http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/sitrep-3-situation-report-assam-violence.pdf Accessed on 10-03-2015 (2015) @No $ @ @ Sphere India  in Collaboration with  inter agency Group-Assam, Joint Needs Assessment Report: Assam     Conflict2014)19.https://online.assam.gov.in/documents/218378/2d2df305-bfd4-46f5-86aa-10fcec046fa7 (2015) @No $ @ @ https://online.assam.gov.in/documents/218378/2d2df305-bfd4-46f5-86aa-10fcec046fa7 (2015) @No $ @ @ http://nrhm.gov.in/nrhm-in-state/state-wise-information/assam.html#health_profile  @No $ @ @ www.ecostatassam.nic.in/ads_economic%20survey_2011-12.pdf (2015) @No
<#LINE#>Understanding the Child in the mediated World: Perspectives on Studying Childhood<#LINE#>Shirsha@Ganguly<#LINE#>43-45<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-276.pdf<#LINE#> Center for Study of Social Systems, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, INDIA <#LINE#>2/11/2015<#LINE#>27/11/2015<#LINE#>  In a media saturated world, children are continuously engaging with an intertextual transmedia context. In this environment, they are exposed to an array of knowledge sources which puts them at par with the unsupervised knowledge sources of the adults. Thus in this environment, where the child stands at the same level as an adult in relation to exposure to mediated knowledge, the question thus arises, on who is the child and how they are being viewed. This paper deals with the following question, what is childhood and further delineates perspectives that help us approach the concept of childhood. <#LINE#> @ @ Jenks, Chris Jenks in his analysis of theories of childhood, elaborates on the question of childhood, by exploring how the adult views the child, when the adult contemplates the child. What he says is that the child’s serious purpose as seen by adults, is dedicated to a resolution of that initial paradox by transforming him or her into an adult. He thus adheres to the belief that the child has to be conceptualized only in relation to the conception of the adult. 31 (2005) @No $ @ @ Alanen, Leena, Rethinking Childhood, ActaSociologica, Sage Publications Ltd, New York, 31(1), 53-67 (1988) @No $ @ @ Ben Arieh, Asher, Where are the Children? Children’s role in Monitoring their well Being, Social Indicators Research, Springer, http://www.jstor.org/stable/27522521 74(3), 573-596, (2005) @No $ @ @ Jenks Chris, Childhood,  Routledge, New York and London (1996) @No $ @ @ Prout A, 'Objective vs. subjective indicators or both? Whose perspective counts?', in A. Ben-Arieh and H. Wintersberger (eds.), Monitoring and Measuring the State of Children - Beyond Survival (European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, Vienna) 62, 89-100 (1997) @No $ @ @ Rajeev M.M. and Jobilal, Effects of Social Media on Social Relationships: A Descriptive Study on the Impact of Mobile Phones among Youth Population, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 11-16 (2015) @No $ @ @ Vishal Varia, A Study of Professionalism of Secondary School Teachers, International Research Journal of Social Sciences., 4(2), 44-48 (2015) @No
<#LINE#>Social Change and Women<#LINE#>Sara@Nazhath<#LINE#>46-48<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-037.pdf<#LINE#> DOS in Sociology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA   <#LINE#>11/2/2015<#LINE#>28/10/2015<#LINE#>  Everyday in our life start with the word change, from beginning of the day we start with the discussion of what was the situation in past one year, one decade, or in past twenty five years. How things have changed whether values, customs, mores, norms, religion, culture, tradition, believes so on and so forth. Without doubt change has left no corner of society and human life. Women are no exception to change. We find that if we start to write about the life of women there will be shortage of ink and paper. One interesting thing is that in each corner of globe where we find human habitation there women status is next to men, in almost all culture and community. This fact itself has become law of nature.  <#LINE#> @ @  Kumar, Social Change and Social Control, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 38, (2011) @No $ @ @  Sharma K.L., Indian Social Structure and Change, Rawat Publications, Jaipur (2008) @No $ @ @  Cohen Percy S, Modern  Social Theory, Heinemam Educational  Books, London, (1968) @No $ @ @  Chitkara M.G., Women and Social Transformation, A.P.H., Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 5, (2001) @No $ @ @  Chandra Suresh, Social Change in Modern India, Jnanda Prakashan, New Delhi, 224, (2011) @No $ @ @  Chaudhary Vishwamitra Prasand, Society in India, ABD Publishers, Jaipur, 66-68, (2011) @No $ @ @  Atal Yogesh, Changing Indian Society, Rawat Publishers, Jaipur (2011) @No $ @ @  Arunachalam P., Economic Impact of Political Empowerment of Women in India, Global Research Publication, New Delhi (2011) @No $ @ @  Rao D. Pulla, Status of Women in Education, Employment and Social Exclusion, Serials Publications, New Delhi (2011) @No $ @ @  Chowdhary Paul D., Women Welfare and Devlopment: A Source Book, Inter India Publication, (1992) @No $ @ @  Gandhiji C.M, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and women Empowerment, ABD Publishers, Jaipur, India (2011) @No $ @ @  Geetanjali, Social Change in Modern Society, Centrum Press, New Delhi,144, (2011) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Implementation of PESA: Issues, Challenges and way Forwards<#LINE#>Sudipta@Biswas<#LINE#>49-54<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-238.pdf<#LINE#> Rural Development Institute (Landesa) 95/S, Block – E, New Alipore, Kolkata–700 053, West Bengal, INDIA<#LINE#>28/9/2015<#LINE#>19/10/2015<#LINE#>  The Provision of the Panchayat (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 popularly known as PESA was enacted to bring the Scheduled Areas in nine States of the country under the purview of national framework of Panchayat. This Act was framed in conformity with traditional tribal self-rule by entrusting extraordinary power to Gram Sabha which is not laid down in the national framework of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR) has commissioned certain studies, made recommendations to other Ministries and State Government for amendments in certain subject laws which are in conflict with the Act, issued circulars and guideline to frame model rule and so on. Almost two decades have passed after enactment of this most powerful Act. Governments of the concerned States have made very little progress to implement this central Act in letter and spirit. This paper depicts the background for enactment of this Act, analyses the provisions and challenges thereof to implement those provisions, efforts made by the central government to accelerate the implementation process of the concerned state governments, progress made by the state governments so far and suggests for certain steps to implement the Act in time bound manner. Secondary source of data has been used for analysis of the progress. This paper will be helpful to those who are interested in the areas of Panchayat as well as local governance and tribal development. <#LINE#> @ @ The Gazette of India, The Provision of Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996; Act 40, 24 December 1996 (1996) @No $ @ @ Article 244 (1) and (2) described in the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India (1996) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, Report of the B.D. Sharma Sub-Committee (2006) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, B.N. Yugandhar Committee Report (2003) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, Annual Report 2009-10, 2010-11 and State of Panchayati Raj Report, 2006-07, 2007-08 (2010) @No
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Work Participation of Elderly in Haryana - A Case Study of District Rohtak<#LINE#>Lubna@,Sandeep,Masood Ahsan@Siddiqui,Laishram Mirana@Devi<#LINE#>55-62<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJSS-2015-288.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, INDIA @ Gaur College, Rohtak, Haryana, INDIA @ Shaheed Bhagat Singh College (Evening), Delhi University, New Delhi, INDIA<#LINE#>15/11/2015<#LINE#>29/11/2015<#LINE#>  The present study deals with the work participation rate of elderly in District Rohtak of Haryana. The study is largely based on secondary data. However for an in-depth inquiry a sample survey of 500 elderly persons from different age strata was selected.  The study revealed that the work participation rate of male and female elderly decreases with age. However, the female participation rate is higher than the males. Per cent share of employed elderly decreases with increasing distances from the city. It is found that   91.37 per cent of the respondents were employed during their active age and now getting family pension whereas remaining 8.87 per cent are working as casual workers in industry and agriculture.  <#LINE#> @ @ Bremner J. et.al., World Population Highlights: Key Findings from PRB’s 2010 World Population Data Sheet”, Population Bulletin, 65, (2010) @No $ @ @ Audinarayana N. and Sheela J., “Physical Disability among the Elderly in Tamilnadu: Patterns, Differentials and Determinants, Health and Population: Perspectives and Issues,  25(1), 26-37 (2002) @No $ @ @ Elango S., A Study of Health and Health related Social Problems in the Geriatric Population in a Rural Area of Tamil Nadu, Indian Journal of Public Health, 42(1), 7-8, (1998) @No $ @ @ Singh, C. et. al., Social Problems of Aged in a Rural Population, Indian Journal of Community Medicine, XX(2), 24-27, (1995) @No $ @ @ Help-Age India, Elder Abuse in India (2013), Sigma Research and Consulting Pvt. Ltd.,  New Delhi, (2013) @No