International Research Journal of Social Sciences_____________________________________ ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci. International Science Congress Association 1 An Analysis of Lacking Security and Increasing Rape Crime in India Satvinder Kaur Dept of Economics, Guru Hargobind Sahib Khalsa Girls College, Karhali Sahib, Patiala, Punjab, INDIAAvailable online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 7th December 2013, revised 30th December 2013, accepted 11th January 2014 Abstract This study is the analysis of rape incidence and various factors related to rape from 2001 to 2010 in India. The results show that at the all India level total rape victims continuously increased at the rate of 6.60 per cent during the study period and the major proportion of rape victims belong to 19-30 years of age group which states that young women have most often more danger of rape than older women. To overcome these problems there is a dire need for sustained pressure on governments to strictly implement the judicial and legislative reforms along with harsh punishment to accused so that people afraid to do such crimes.Keywords: Analysis, lacking, security, increasing, rape, crime. Introduction More than half of the world population comprises of women. Inspite of this dominate majority, irony of fate lies here. The pathetic condition of women in society is itself an indicator of the low value set on women’s lives, and their suffering is very well in tune with the social system and life pattern. Women are not safe in the world today. At least 1 out of 3 females on earth has been physically or sexually abused, often repeatedly and by a relative or acquaintance. Though, physical violence is pervasive against women, it can take other forms which generate an atmosphere of threat of reprisal. Multi-country surveys conducted by World Health Organization estimate that between 10 to 69 per cent of women have been physically hit or harmed by a male partner at some point in their lives. A cross-cultural analysis of 90 societies around the world also found that physical violence against women exists in at least 75 of them. A large range of sex related crimes take place under assorted structures and situations, from which the most perceptible and perilous are sexual assault, forcible rape, sexual abuse of mentally or physically disabled people, sexual abuse of children, adultery, sodomy, fornication and trafficking of people for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Out of all these crimes, rape is considered to be the most obnoxious and gravest form of human rights violation and a major social problem in many societies of the world. The scourge of rape continues to wreck havoc on the nation’s thousands of innocent women. A rapist not only causes physical injuries but also more indelibly leaves a scar on the most cherished possession of women, i.e., her dignity, honour, reputation and not the least her chastity. United Nations Documents on Population Fund and Violence against Women indicates that approximately 1 out of 5 women experiences rape or attempted rape during her lifetime. Besides, Systematic rape as a weapon of war to humiliate the community has left millions of girls and women traumatized, forcibly impregnated, and/or HIV positive. These factors combined explain that why today more women than men around the world are HIV positive. The condition of Indian women is very much shocking. They are the victims of circumstances which have been created due to gender discrimination which persist in India from cradle to grave. In India, sex crimes against women and girls are mainly manifested in the form of rape, molestation, sexual harassment, eve teasing and trafficking of girls for sexual exploitation from which rape is the most offensive one caused to frighten and morbid women. Caste Hindus rape harijans, teachers rape their students as well as their colleagues, students rape their colleagues, doctors rape their patients and nurses in hospitals, old men and young men alike enjoy pleasure of sex out of wedlock. Moreover, there are many Dalit women who are raped by high caste men. Women, who belong to the lower middle class and are sole supporters of their family or their income is an indispensable supplement to their husbands, bear their boss’s sexual overtones silently. Moreover, many women and young girls are the victim of incest rape which is the crudest and the most intense type of male chauvinism. There were 369 rape vicims of incest rape are reported in 2001 which sharply rose to 396 in 2012 in India. Om pal (41 years), father of eight children, was arrested by the Gandhinagar police for allegedly raping his 12 years old daughter in his chander nagar jhuggi on July 22, 1994. The arrest was made on a complaint lodged by his wife. The police said that the accused was drunked when came home on July 21 afternoon and told his daughter to change her clothes which looked shabby. While she was in a state of undress, her father allegedly raped her. His other children were around and told their mother when she came back from work. Very few cases of incest have been reported to the courts due to the social dishonor associated with it and even in reported cases courts have not taken a progressive view of the problem. Further, International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 2 gang rape which is considered as an aggravated form of rape under the Indian Penal Code and consistently used as an instrument of intimidation in India. Gang rape, especially by criminals in uniform has become common. It is also employed as a weapon of vengeance, a means of settling scores with other men and their families. It is a very serious crime. The minimum punishment of this offence is 10 years, but it can be extended to life imprisonment. In India, there is no dearth of cases of this sort. On the night of February 1988, a group of policemen helped by home guards and chowkidars entered the village Pararia in Bihar, and created terror by committing this type of offence, which even today villagers remember as a bad dream. It was to avenge the assault on two of their colleagues, which had taken place a week before. Fourteen policemen went on a rampage of looting destructing and committing mass rape. These policemen were acquitted in court on the strength of their defence counsel’s argument that those women could not be equated with such ladies as hail from decent and respectable society. These women were engaged in menial work so they were of questionable character. After the judgment, there was total silence. No one deemed fit to speak on behalf of these poor women who earned their living by the sweat of their brows10. Another is the mass rape case and murder of a 23 years old female physiotherapy intern on December 16, 2012 in Delhi. The girl was raped by six persons including driver in a bus in which she was travelling with her male friend. The woman died from her injuries thirteen days after undergoing emergency treatment in Singapore. The phenomenon created a widespread national and international coverage and was criticized by various women's groups, both in India and abroad. Afterwards, public protests against the Government of India and the Government of Delhi for not providing sufficient protection for women took place in New Delhi, where thousands of protesters clashed with security forces. Similar protests took place in major cities throughout the country including Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram, Mumbai and Visakhapatnam11. All the accused were arrested and charged with sexual assault and murder. The most innocent phase in human life i.e., the childhood is also not safe from such crimes. A study by Ministry of Women and Child Development in 2007 revealed that out of 12,447 children across 13 States in India, 20.9 per cent of the children surveyed had suffered severe forms of sexual abuse, which includes sexual assault, making a child fondle private parts, making a child exhibit private body parts and being photographed in the nude12. There is an alarming and shocking increase in rape committed on children and young girls. The results depicts that the incidence of rape committed on children increase sharply from 2113 in 2001 to 8541 in 2012. However, it is a big blunder to assume that all rapists are perverts, in practice, the normal men do rape13. Moreover, in majority of rape cases, the rapists are reported to be men in power, including law enforcement officials and police men. In 1989, Rajasthan government admitted that the police had been involved in over 50 rapes in the past few years till 1992 and in Delhi, 14 rape cases were reported involving 20 police officers during 1 January to 11 February, 199014. In such a situation, who is going to protect the nation against such crimes? The gang rape of Thanjam Manorama, a Manipuri woman by army personnel in 2004 stand as a saddening example in this case in which extraordinary nude protest entitled “Indian Army Rape Us” provoked India’s Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, to rushed to Manipur and move the Assam Rifles from the place. The other most commonly known evident were the 1988 gang rape of 14 tribal women in Ujanmaidan (Tripura) by the Assam Rifles, the 1992 gang rape of at least 6 and probably 9 women, including an 11 year old girl and a 60 year old women by several of the army soldiers during the search operation of an army unit of the 22nd Grenadiers in Kashmir. Moreover, during “Operation Birdie” (1997-98) in Meghalaya, many Khasi tribal women were reportedly raped by armed forces. Despite existence of a number of special legislations for providing protection to women, rape cases continue tend to increase in India. The actual number of rape is far from being recorded, since the unreported number is extremely high. Experts usually belief that current levels of violence reported through national and local law enforcement records represent a minimum of actual violence against women cases15. According to The Marie Stopes Institute in Delhi, on an average 2 million women are raped in India every year. It is also estimated that only 1 out of every 20 is reported to the police and out of 100 rapists only 3 go to jail, only half of the cases are followed up, the guilty arrested and prosecuted16. Many incidences are not reported because of the disgrace, fear, community shame and cultural principles linked with being a victim, fear of losing marriage opportunities, revealing lost virginity, reluctant to talk about a sexual act in public, shuns publicity being given by the media and being India a largely conservative society which often blames the victim not her attackers. Alongside, parents do not want to stress the issue to the extreme for the future of the victim as rape is regarded as a blot on woman’s dignity. In certain cases victim may threatens by the offender against disclose the issue whereas in certain societies (Tribal/ Backward/Under developed), such crimes are either not viewed with concern or resolve by, within the members of community. In case of Indian villages, only those rape cases reported which becomes part of a larger caste battle, family feud or political game and publicised by media (but the media report only a different kind of rape while normal rape is not in the news). Sometimes even police itself discourages to rape victims or their parents from filing a complaint. Moreover, rates of sex trafficking, sexual violence in armed conflict situations, female infanticide, and violence in schools and the workplace, for instance, is thought to be significantly under-documented, particularly in developing countries17. It is International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 3 important for women to report the cases of misconduct and be self confident and courageous to reveal the truth. The soaring rape rates and violence against women in the country reflects women as weaker sexes who are being exploited. In this backdrop, the present task is to study and examine the incidence of rape in India and various factors associated with the problem. Objectives: The most important objective of this paper is to attempt a detail analysis of rape incidence in India. More specifically the study is concentrated on the following objectives: i. To examine the magnitude of rape incidence in India. ii. To analyse the age-wise distribution pattern of rape victims in India. iii. To study the offenders relation-wise distribution pattern of rape victims in India. Data Base and Methodology However, with respect to rape study, apparently no such research work has been undertaken, still, in this paper we have reviewed some of the preliminary reports, case studies and research studies on the specific issue. The present study is based on secondary data and covered the period from 2001 to 2010. The data related to incidence of rape cases and rape victims, age-wise distribution and offenders relation-wise distribution of rape victims for all States and UT’s of India is collected from National Crime Record Bureau reports on “Crime in India” from 2001 to 2010. The scope of the study is a macro analysis of all states and union territories of India. Standard statistical tools like compound growth rate and proportions have been used while carrying out tabular analysis. It is worth mentioning here that in our study we have taken reported rape victims instead of reported rape cases as a unit of analysis because of the fact that in some States and UT’s of India, some rape cases exceed more than one rape victim. In order to calculate the average annual compound growth rate of incidence of rape in India log-lin model has been used which is found to fit best has been separately fitted for each of time periods for all India level and State level. The equation for log-lin model is as under: t = y0 (1+ r) t Where is the compound rate of growth of Y. In order to make the equation linear we take natural logarithm on both sides of equation no. (ix) ln yt = ln y+ t ln(1+ r) Now letting =ln yo and = ln (1 + r) lnYt = 1 +t + uWhere: ln yt = logarithm of regress and or dependent variable 1 = The intercept, 2 = Coefficient of time, ui = Disturbance term, After getting value of  , ACGR has been calculated by the use of equation (1)  \n \r (1) Results and Discussion Magnitude of Rape Incidence in India: A critical analysis of statistical data of National Crime Record Bureau on rape against women reveals that rape is increasing throughout India. Table 1 highlights that in 2010, 22172 rape cases are reported as against 18359 and 16075 cases in 2005 and 2001 respectively. The states constitute 97.40, 96.14 and 97.43 per cent of the total reported cases in 2001, 2005 and 2010 respectively. Whereas the UT’s contribute 2.60, 3.86 and 2.57 per cent in the total reported cases for the same years. It also reveals that the total number of rape victims is more than the total reported rape cases because some rape cases exceed more than one rape victim. So there is a slight variation in terms of number between total reported rape cases and total rape victims. There are 22193 rape victims in 2010 as against the 18376 and 16078 rape victims in 2005 and 2001 respectively. The proportionate share of States and UT’s in the total rape victims reveals same trend as in case of reported rape cases. The compound growth rate observed to be 6.60 per cent for India which is a matter of serious concern. Most significantly, there is a dire need for sustained pressure on governments to strictly implement the judicial and legislative reforms along with harsh punishment to accused so that people afraid to do such crimes. Moreover, there should be a special court for such cases in order to provide quick and assured justice to the victim. As legislation does not work efficiently because implementation of the laws heavily depends on police and prosecution discretions. Therefore, police administration should be more cooperative and helpful with the people because they find it very pester and embarrassing to inform the police about such incidents. As far as the age factor is concerned the most endurable and gravest class of rape victims belongs to the age groups of 19-30 years and 31-50 years in India as presented in Table 2. The major proportion of rape victims belong to 19-30 years of age followed by 31-50 years (except 2001) while the least number was recorded in the age group of 50 years and above in the whole decade. Moreover, except age groups of 10-14 years and 15-18 years, the number of rape victims consistently increased in all the age groups from 2001 to 2010. It is important to note here that these two age groups of women (i.e., 19-30 years and 31-50 years) are generally considered those women who go outside of their home for education or work purposes or any independent move. Possibilities are also high that these women have more danger from their known persons because it is quite less possible that they can easily pamper by strangers. International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 4 Table-1 Incidence of Rape Cases and Rape Victims in India (Numbers in Percentage)Year Total reported rape cases Total rape victims State UT’s Total State UT’s Total 2001 15658 (97.40) 417 (2.60) 16075 (100.00) 15658 (97.39) 420 (2.61) 16078 (100.00) 2002 15939 (97.35) 434 (2.65) 16373 (100.00) 15940 (97.33) 438 (2.67) 16378 (100.00) 2003 15327 (96.72) 520 (3.28) 15847 (100.00) 15336 (96.73) 520 (3.27) 15856 (100.00) 2004 17641 (96.75) 592 (3.25) 18233 (100.00) 17647 (96.76) 592 (3.24) 18239 (100.00) 2005 17651 (96.14) 708 (3.86) 18359 (100.00) 17660 (96.10) 716 (3.90) 18376 (100.00) 2006 18682 (96.56) 666 (3.44) 19348 (100.00) 18696 (96.55) 669 (3.45) 19365 (100.00) 2007 20096 (96.91) 641 (3.09) 20737 (100.00) 20126 (96.90) 645 (3.10) 20771 (100.00) 2008 20953 (97.60) 514 (2.40) 21467 (100.00) 20967 (97.59) 518 (2.41) 21485 (100.00) 2009 20874 (97.55) 523 (2.45) 21397 (100.00) 20890 (97.56) 523 (2.44) 21413 (100.00) 2010 21603 (97.43) 569 (2.57) 22172 (100.00) 21624 (97.44) 569 (2.56) 22193 (100.00) Compound Growth Rate 4.40 2.50 4.20 4.20 2.50 6.60 Source: National Crime Record Bureau, GOI, (2001-2010) Table-2Age-wise Distribution of Rape Victims in India(Numbers in Percentage) Year Below 10 years 10-14 years 15-18 Years 19-30 years 31-50 Years 50 years & above Total Victims 2001 530 (3.30) 1440 (8.95) 3911 (24.32) 7881 (49.01) 2248 (14.00) 68 (0.42) 16078 (100.00) 2002 411 (2.51) 854 (5.22) 1325 (8.10) 10730 (65.51) 2992 (18.26) 66 (0.40) 16378 (100.00) 2003 389 (2.45) 931 (5.88) 1792 (11.30) 9873 (62.27) 2811 (17.72) 60 (0.38) 15856 (100.00) 2004 532 (2.93) 1090 (5.97) 2004 (10.98) 11343 (62.19) 3189 (17.48) 81 (0.44) 18239 (100.00) 2005 557 (3.03) 1174 (6.40) 2344 (12.75) 10809 (58.82) 3381 (18.40) 111 (0.60) 18376 (100.00) 2006 512 (2.64) 1081 (5.58) 3364 (17.38) 11312 (58.41) 3002 (15.50) 94 (0.49) 19365 (100.00) 2007 617 (2.97) 1355 (6.52) 3152 (15.17) 11984 (57.69) 3530 (16.99) 133 (0.64) 20771 (100.00) 2008 639 (2.97) 1331 (6.20) 3496 (16.26) 12299 (57.24) 3584 (16.70) 136 (0.63) 21485 (100.00) 2009 710 (3.32) 1760 (8.21) 2912 (13.60) 12812 (59.83) 3124 (14.60) 95 (0.44) 21413 (100.00) 2010 571 (2.58) 1404 (6.33) 3570 (16.09) 12749 (57.44) 3763 (16.95) 136 (0.61) 22193 (100.00) Source: National Crime Record Bureau, GOI, (2001-2010). International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 5 Furthermore, there is a sharp increase in the rape victims in the age group of 19-30 years by 9.82 percentage points from 2001 to 2005. The percentage of rape victims in the age group of Below 10 years decreases, albeit rather slowly, i.e., by 0.70 percentage points. It is also observed that young women are usually found to be more at risk of rape than older women. Certain forms of sexual violence, for instance, are very closely associated with a young age, in particular taking place in schools and colleges and work places, and trafficking of women for sexual exploitation. In India, out of the total rape victims of 22193 in 2010, 8.89 per cent were girls below 14 years of age, 16.08 per cent were teenage girls in the age group of 15-18 years and 57.44 per cent were women in the age group 19-30 years. The rape victim girls/women below 30 years constitute 82.43 per cent of the total rape victims in 2010. The reason for this unstinted growth may attributed to low security of young girls at schools and work places, no transportation facility provided to women works late at night by employer, dwindling of social relationships, more freedom given to girls due to which they stay out till late and get into wrong company, seductive advertisements and easy access of vulgar pornography which stimulate and pollute the minds of young men, increasing presence of goons who think they can do anything in the world and get away with it18. Proper supervision of girls by their parents should be necessary. They must have complete knowledge about; where their girls go, what they do and to whom they meet etc. Assured transportation facility to the female’s works late at night must be provided by their employers. Along with a driver, there must be a security guard with him for the protection of female employees. The traditional male foundation in our society built upon the belief that woman is made only for the pleasure of a man and that her value is much less than that of her counterpart. When woman is misjudged/abused/raped by a man the very man goes ahead and blames her for misunderstanding him. In other words, she is again or in any form tried to be lessened in front of the man and her position to bring down by every effort from his side. This is a very clear double standard approach of the Indian man. It is clear from the fact that in many cases of physical abuse, men often blame woman for his abusive and terrible behaviour. They tend to judge a woman before they believe a woman19. The media has also a significant role in this direction. It is a fact that media has not been giving due coverage to the holistic aspects of women activities and relying more on their sensational and sexiest display, amounting to demeaning their dignity, cannot be denied. The woman is, inspite of her statue in the world, is brought down to act in cheap commercials such as, ads present glamour dolls madly following a male model, smitten and obsessed by the fragrance of a powder or a soap or even the size or shape of his underwear or vest. In the ad of a premium whisky, the female models dress slipped by some inches up to the time after her breast start visible when the male model take the sips of alcohol again and again with the slogan that “kuchh bhi ho sakta hai”. Media critics and researchers including Thomas Whipple and Alice Courtney feel that “the use of women as sex objects in advertising is on the rise. Advertising continues to exploit women’s sexuality, to demean them, to objectify them, and show violence and aggression against them”. For this, appropriate checks and laws should be applied on modern cinema and obscene literature because of lethal impact which arouse sexual desires on young minds. Media can also play a positive role in this regard by avoiding over exaggerating these issues. Due to the male dominated society woman has to also fight for her image and position. But well, it is a pity that even though the man is thought to be above her, he still has a tuny mind to only see her physically as his mind wants. It deteriorates the dignity of woman in the society. The fear of rape determines the day to day life of most women and occurs much more frequently in the women’s immediate social surroundings which serve to humiliate and intimidate women. The conservative cultural practices in the family system and society as well also badly affect the women to a great extent. Even though woman cannot negotiate what type of sex they want. Man shows his dominance again and again for example in the basic of things such as marriage and sex where the woman has no say and he takes his dominance to another level where if he has multiple sex partners. He does not agree to be subdued. Many evidence shows that the rapist may no stranger to the victim and offence could just as easily occur in a familiar setting, i.e., schools, offices, educational institutions, hospitals, even within homes. We have presented the information about the offenders’ relation to rape victims in table 3. There are considerable variations in the offender’s relation to the rape victims. The table shows that out of the total reported rape victims 84.00, 86.36 and 97.18 per cent are registered against known persons (i.e., Parents/ Close family members, Relatives, Neighbours and Other known persons) in 2001, 2005 and 2010 respectively, while the cases against unknown persons constitutes only 16.00, 13.64 and 2.82 per cent of the total for these years respectively. A sharp declining trend has been observed in case of unknown persons from 2001 to 2010 while an increasing trend has been observed in case of known persons for the same period. Moreover, nearly half and almost 55 per cent of the total rape victims filed complaint against other known persons in 2001 and 2010 respectively, followed by Neighbours (i.e., 26.89 and 35.21 per cent for both years). This is further followed by the Relatives with 5.29 and 6.05 per cent in 2001 and 2010. Even though the share of Parents/ Close family members has reduced from 2.73 per cent in 2001 to 1.29 per cent in 2010, but yet it is a matter of serious concern and alarming towards real backwardness, fading relations and illiteracy in the country. International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 6 Table-3Distribution of rape victims on the basis of Offenders Relation to Rape Victims in India (Numbers in Percentage) Year Parents/Close family members Relatives Neighbors Other known persons Unknown Persons Total 2001 439 (2.73) 851 (5.30) 4324 (26.90) 7890 (49.07) 2574 (16.00) 16078 (100.00) 2002 369 (2.25) 924 (5.64) 4600 (28.08) 8644 (52.79) 1841 (11.24) 16378 (100.00) 2003 399 (2.51) 949 (5.98) 4731 (29.83) 7703 (48.59) 2074 (13.09) 15856 (100.00) 2004 505 (2.76) 1033 (5.67) 5358 (29.38) 8721 (47.81) 2622 (14.38) 18239 (100.00) 2005 750 (4.09) 1030 (5.61) 5521 (30.04) 8568 (46.62) 2507 (13.64) 18376 (100.00) 2006 431 (2.22) 1106 (5.71) 5351 (27.63) 7648 (39.50) 4829 (24.94) 19365 (100.00) 2007 405 (1.95) 1448 (6.98) 6902 (33.23) 10433 (50.22) 1583 (7.62) 20771 (100.00) 2008 309 (1.44) 1065 (4.95) 6462 (30.08) 11706 (54.49) 1943 (9.04) 21485 (100.00) 2009 321 (1.50) 1492 (6.96) 7174 (33.50) 11324 (52.89) 1102 (5.15) 21413 (100.00) 2010 288 (1.30) 1344 (6.06) 7816 (35.22) 12118 (54.60) 627 (2.82) 22193 (100.00) Source: National Crime Record Bureau, GOI, (2001-2010) Whereas sharp falling trend has been observed from 16.00 per cent in 2001 to 2.82 per cent in 2010 in which victims are not known to offenders, a sharp rising trend in Neighbours and Other known persons to the rape victims has observed. It also tells us that now there is need of more consciousness and awareness, on the part of girls and women, as the threat from known persons is less predictable. The organizations against anti-rape, sexual exploitation and domestic violence played a marvelous role and extraordinary progress in the effort to create safety, justice and equality for women. Unfortunately, despite years of struggle, the fear faced by women has not combated. There is need to educate people as well as to make women aware about their social surroundings. Besides this, the mothers and elder sisters can be a good source of information and knowledge to supervise young girls in this direction. A mother can protect her daughter by giving guidance, awareness and sex education. Awareness in this concern can be amplified by different NGOs, social organisations, and State’s urban and local bodies through organizing different workshops and seminars on such sensitive issues in urban and rural areas. In schools and colleges self defence study should be necessarily provide to the girls so that they can defend and protect themselves. Conclusion Our study examines the various issues related to the rape incidence in India and concluded that the number of rape victims in India is more than the total reported rape cases because some rape cases exceed more than one rape victim. The rape victims are continuously increasing in the study period and the major proportion of rape victims belong to 19-30 years of age group which states that young women are usually found to be more at the risk of rape than older women. It is also found that women have more danger from their known persons (i.e., Parents/ Close family members, Relatives, Neighbours and Other known persons) compare to unknown persons such as the share of known persons vary between 84 per cent to 97 per cent in opening and closing of the decade respectively. To overcome these problems there is now a need to pay special attention by our policy makers, family system, community and women themselves if they really want to see themselves genuinely independent, stronger and safe. A sophisticated environment, non-discriminatory treatment and strong social support is needed in the home, society, work places and colleges for the rape victims because of the mental agony they suffer and social stigma or blot which they bear, disable them to seek work and earn their living in the usual course. Infrastructure development like proper sewerage and toilet facility, water supply etc. in the rural areas must be given top priority. In order to eradicate such crimes committed on women in the society, men’s efforts and involvement is a necessity ingredient in the current scenario. Each man independently or jointly has to stand against men’s violence and challenge other men to end this horrifying cruelty against women. Lastly, it has to be made International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(1), 1-7, January (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 7 clearer to the men that women are not to be regarded as commodities, for this teaching of gender respect should be an integral part of education curriculum in the schools, colleges and universities. There is also need to develop moral values and ethics among people because majority of rape incidence are committed by known persons. References 1.W.H.O, World Report on Violence and Health, W.H.O Publications, 89-90, (2002)2.Kapadia-Kundu, et al., Whose Mistake? Gender roles and Physical Violence among Young Married Women, EPW, Vol. XLII, 71-78 (2007)3.Roop Singh V., State of Uttranchal, Crim. Law. J, Uttranchal High Court, 355-356, (2006)4.U.N. Document, 16 State of the World Population, U.N Publications, (2005)5.U.N. 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