@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Students-parents communication: exploring parental influence in academic and career decision making<#LINE#>Pryanka @Dutta,Urme @Dutta,Tanmoy @Sana,Uzzwal Kumar @Mondal <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-011.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Journalism and Media Studies, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh@Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh@Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Australia@Department of Journalism and Media Studies, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh<#LINE#>17/2/2020<#LINE#>25/6/2020<#LINE#>This study investigated parental influence in academic and career choice decision. In our society, parents are not fully conscious of how they are influencing their childrens academic and career resolution. Though education experts, teachers and students criticized helicopter parenting, data also demonstrate that parental involvement can be helpful for students progress in academic tenure if it limits at a certain level. Parents have a significant role in improving a childs educational performance. In this study, respondents from Jahangiragar University, Bangladesh reported that when they face trouble about making the decision in the academic area, they depend on their parents advice. In the self-discovery process, the student can depend on their trustworthy parents. On the other hand, intrusive parenting will affect negatively. Research outcomes came from quantitative and qualitative information. In this study, 50 undergraduate students of Jahangirnagar University were selected representatively (10 students from 5 departments). For qualitative data 5 IDIs (In-depth Interviews) were conducted with one respondent from five departments which also randomly selected. These study findings suggested that parents should take their childrens educational decision after a thorough discussion with their children and also appropriately disseminate how it will impact his/her future life. Educational institutions can arrange a regular counselling session both for parents and students, which will help a lot for taking proper decision regarding their education and career.<#LINE#>Alexander PM, Holmner M, Lotriet HH, Matthee MC, Pieterse H, Naidoo S, et al. (2011).@Factors affecting career choice: Comparison between students from computer and other disciplines.@Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20(3), 300-15.@Yes$Jungen KA. (2008).@Parental influence and career choice: How parents affect the career aspirations of their children.@@Yes$Wilder S. (2014).@Effects of parental involvement on academic achievement: A meta-synthesis.@Educational Review, 66(3), 377-97.@Yes$Hegna K and Smette I. (2017).@Parental influence in educational decision: young peoples perspectives.@British Journal of Sociology of Education, 38(8), 1111-24.@Yes$Horowitz H. (1987).@Campus life: Undergraduate cultures from the end of the eighteenth century to the present.@Chicago: University of Chicago Press.@Yes$Watson S.T. (2005).@Letting go-or maybe not. Some moms and dads become helicopter parents-hovering over their college age children.@Buffalo News.@No$Simmons AN (2008).@A reliable sounding board: Parent involvement in students@NACADA Journal, 28(2), 33-43.@Yes$Phillips and North (2005).@Big mother is watching you.@New York Times, June 24, 2005.@No$Merriman LS (2007).@It@Chronicle of Higher Education, 54(13).@Yes$David ME, Ball SJ, Davies J and Reay D (2003).@Gender issues in parental involvement in student choices of higher education, Gender and Education, 15(1), 21-36.@undefined@Yes$McClenney KM (2007).@Research update: The community college survey of student engagement.@Community College Review, 35(2), 137-46.@Yes$The Daily Star (2015).@Bangladeshs literacy rate 61 percent.@The Daily Star September 07, 2015.@No$LaRocque M, Kleiman I and Darling SM (2011).@Parental involvement: The missing link in school achievement.@Preventing School Failure, 55(3), 115-22.@Yes
<#LINE#>Oil and the politics of extravagant squandering in Africa; implication on infrastructural development<#LINE#>Ibrahim @Baba,Ibrahim Ghide @Adamu <#LINE#>8-14<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-020.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Public Administration, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic Geidam, Yobe State, Nigeria@Department of Social Development, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic Geidam, Yobe State, Nigeria<#LINE#>26/6/2020<#LINE#>14/8/2020<#LINE#>Our position in as presented is that, oil especially during boom fetches its producers huge earning as revenue which is expected to be utilize in the development of infrastructures to improve citizens standard of living. But in Africa, it has instead, created a fund from which corrupt political leaders looted to satisfy personal gratification of senses while infrastructural development remains unattended to. This study examined how fortune from oil led to the politics of extravagant squandering and its implication on the development of infrastructure in Africa. It was conducted using primary and secondary methods. The study found out that oil producing countries are making great fortune from the commodity. It also discovered that wealth made from sales of crude oil has culminated in politics of extravagant squandering on the part of political leaders in oil producing countries. The study also found out that reckless spending of oil money by political leaders has left oil producing countries on the continent with poor state and level of infrastructural development. The study recommended the establishment of independent anti-corruption agency among others as a good measure to controlling extravagant squandering by political leaders of Africa`s oil exporting countries.<#LINE#>Cohen, T. H. (2010).@Global Political Economy; Theory and Practice.@5th Edition, Pearson Education Inc, New York, P 68.@No$Oliveira, Ricardo. Sancho, (2008).@Skimming the Surface.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 19(3), 46-47.@No$Waal, Donald (2009).@Divide and Rule.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 20(4), 21.@No$Nwabuzor, A. (2005).@Corruption and Development; New Initiatives in Economic Openness and Strengthened Rule of Law.@Journal of Business Ethics, 59(2), 121-138.@Yes$Lewis, P. M. (2010).@Growing Apart: Oil, Politics and Economic Changes in Indonesia and Nigeria.@The University of Michigan Press, United States, 119.@Yes$Ericsson, Nick. (2008).@Update; News and Views from an African Perspective.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 19(3), 6.@No$Spencer, Celestine (2008).@The Crude Truth.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 19(3), 46-47.@No$Shaxson, N. (2007).@Oil, Corruption and the Resource Curse.@International Affairs, 83(6), 1123-1140.@No$Schubert, S. R. (2006).@Revisiting the Oil Curse; Are Oil Rich Nations Really Doomed to Autocracy and Inequality?.@Oil and Gas Business. www.ogbus.ru/eng/. April 23, 2020.@Yes$Oliveira, R. S. D. (2007).@Oil and Politics in the Gulf of Guinea.@Oxford University Press, London, P 82.@Yes$Eghweree, O. C. (2014).@Oil Politics and Development in Nigeria.@Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, 4 (12), 70-83.@Yes$Udosen, C., Abasi-Ifereke, S. and Etok, A. (2009).@Fifty Years of oil Exploration in Nigeria; The Paradox of Plenty.@Global Journal of Social Sciences, 8(2), 37-47.@Yes$Isike, C. (2010).@Oil Politics in Nigeria Niger Delta.@Lambert Academic Publishing Company, Germany, 52.@Yes$Bugaji, Y. (2011).@Explaining the Violent Conflicts in Nigeria`s Niger Delta; Is Rentier State Theory and Resource-curse Thesis Relevant?.@Canadian Social Science,  7(4), 34-43.@No$Henshaw, Amber (2008).@Staring Down the Barrel.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 19(3), 48.@Yes$Jawad, Rowan (2008).@The Spoils of Oil.@BBC Focus on Africa Magazine, 19(3), 49.@No
<#LINE#>Employability of tourism management graduates of a State University in Philippine Eastern Visayas Region<#LINE#>Donald M. @Patimo,Ghilson B. @Amor,Mia Cheryl E. @Casiracan <#LINE#>15-19<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-024.pdf<#LINE#>Northwest Samar State University, Philippines@Northwest Samar State University, Philippines@Northwest Samar State University, Philippines<#LINE#>26/5/2020<#LINE#>19/9/2020<#LINE#>This research aimed to describe the employability of the tourism management graduates of Northwest Samar State University (NwSSU), a state university in the Philippine Eastern Visayas Region. To achieve the desired result, the study employed a descriptive research design. The researchers extensively employed the Commission of Higher Education (CHED) Graduate Tracer Survey questionnaires to gather the needed data from the tourism management graduates of the university from SY 2011-2012 to SY 2014-2015. To analyze and interpret the collected data, the researchers made use of frequency counts, percentage distribution, ranking, and the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The majority of the tourism management graduates under study were female, single, young, and city-residents. Most of the tourism management graduates under study were employed immediately after graduation in rank-and-file positions. The best predictor of the employability of tourism management graduates was their location of the residence. With these, the employment support system of the university may fully activate in the first 6 months after graduation in tourism management. To improve further the employability of tourism management graduates, the OBEdized curriculum in tourism management may include the strong emphasis on communication and human skills trainings on all subjects offered.<#LINE#>Little B. (2001).@Reading between the lines of graduate employment.@Quality in Higher Education, 7(2), 121-129.@Yes$Harvey L. (2000).@New realities: the relationship between higher education and employment.@Tertiary Education and Management, 6, 3-17.@No$Morley L. (2001)@Producing New Workers: quality, equality and employability in higher education.@Quality in Higher Education, 7(2) 131-138.@No$Guzman, A.B. & Castro, B.V. (2008).@Employment and employability profile of a select group of Filipino college graduates.@JOUR, 5. 63-81.@Yes$Cai X.H. (2009). Tourism management graduate employment research: Undergraduate \"low employment rate and the high turnover rate\" phenomenon analysis (Order No. 10522915). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. (1874518864). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1874518864?accountid=173015@undefined@undefined@Yes$Edgar F., Cathro, V., Harrison, S., Hoek, J., McKenzie, K., Malcolm, N. and Tyler-Baxter, S. (2013).@Employing graduates: Selection criteria and practice in New Zealand.@Journal of Management and Organization, 19(3), 338-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2013.25@Yes$Fugate M., Kinicki, A. and Ashforth, B. (2004).@Employability: A Psycho-social Construct, its dimensions, and applications.@Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(1), 14-38.@Yes$Allan B.D., and Belinda, V. D. (2008).@Employment and employability profile of a select group of Filipino college graduates.@KEDI Journal of Educational Policy, 5(1).@No$Yu, K.D.S. (2012).@An Economic Analysis of the Philippine Tourism Industry.@DLSU Business and Economics Review, 22(1).@Yes$Felicen S.S., and MEJIA, R. C. B. (2013).@Graduates Employability: A Tracer Study for Bachelor of Science in Tourism (BST, 2006-2010).@IAMURE International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 6(1), 1-1.@No$Goodman S., and Tredway, G. (2016).@Antecedents of perceived graduate employability: A study of student volunteers in a community-based organisation.@SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 42(1), 1-10.@No
<#LINE#>Determination of the prevalence of phubbing and its possible relations with personality characteristics and with the other factors among the students of the faculty of medicine from western Turkey<#LINE#>Hatice @AYGAR,Mustafa @TOZUN,Alaettin @UNSAL,Didem @ARSLANTAS,Didem @OKTAR,Gokce @DAGTEKIN <#LINE#>20-27<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-033.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Izmir, Turkey@Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey @Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Izmir, Turkey@Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Izmir, Turkey@Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Izmir, Turkey@Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Izmir, Turkey<#LINE#>10/6/2020<#LINE#>2/11/2020<#LINE#>Phubbing is defined that an individuals attention to the smartphone while he / she is in communication with another individual. Phubber is interested in the smartphone and he misses his perception from interpersonal communication. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of phubbing and its possible relations with personality structure and with the other factors among the students of the faculty of medicine. This cross-sectional study was conducted from 02 January to 28 February 2019 among a medical faculty students in western Turkey. Target medical students were 1544 and 1216 (78.7%) students agreed to participate in the study. Phubbing level was evaluated with the Phubbing Scale. Personality traits were evaluated with the Ten-Item Personality Scale. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Analysis (Backward Wald) were used to analyze the data. P&#8804;0.05 was accepted as the statistical significance value. In the study, 615 (50.6%) of the study group was female and 601 (49.4%) was male. Ages ranged between from 17 to 28 and the mean was 21.40 ± 2.05 years. The prevalence of phubbing was 12.7% (n = 154). The risk factors for phubbing are smoking (OR: 1.548), sleeping time of 9 hours or more (OR: 1.824), daily smartphone usage time of 5 hours and above (OR: 3.447), seeing the place of the smartphone as indispensable (OR: 5.284), and not doing regular physical exercise (OR: 1.537). No relationship has been shown between the personality structure and phubbing (p>0.05). According the studys results, we can say that phubbing is one of the most common health problem among the medical students. In order to reduce the frequency of phubbing, it will be useful to inform students, parents and teachers about negative results of use of smart phones out of purpose.<#LINE#>Karadag E., Tosuntas &#350;.B., Erzen E., Duru P., Bostan N., Mizrak-Sahin B., et al. (2016).@Sanal dunyan&#305;nkronolojik bagimliligi: Sosyotelizm (phubbing).@Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addiction, 3(2), 223-269.@No$Goksun D.O.@Adaptation of General Scales of Phubbing and Being Phubbed into Turkish.@Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(3), 657-671.@No$Kuyucu, M. (2017).@Use of Smart Phone and Problematic of Smart Phone Addiction in Young People: Smart Phone (Colic) University Youth.@Global Media Journal TR Edition, 7(14), 328-359.@Yes$Kuss D.J. and Griffiths M.D. (2011).@Online social networking and addiction-a review of the psychological literature.@International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(9), 3528-3552.@Yes$Ucer N. (2016).@A Study to Examine University Students Use of Social Media in the Context of Uses and Gratification Approach.@Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition, 6(12),1-26.@No$Gosling S.D., Rentfrow P.J. and Swann W.B. Jr. (2003).@A very brief measure of the Big Five personality domains.@Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528.@Yes$Atak H. (2013).@The Turkish Adaptation of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory.@Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 50 (4), 312-319.@Yes$Friedman M. (1974).@Type A behavior and your heart.@Fawcett.@Yes$Chotpitayasunondh V. and Douglas K.M. (2016).@How phubbing becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone.@Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9-18.@Yes$Davey S., Davey A., Raghav S.K., Singh J.V., Singh N., Blachnio A. and Przepi&oacute;rkaa A. (2018).@Predictors and consequences of Phubbing among adolescents and youth in India: An impact evaluation study.@Journal of family and Community Medicine, 25(1), 35.@Yes$Brklja&#269;i&#263; T., &Scaron;aki&#263; V. and Kaliterna-Lipov&#269;an Lj. (2018).@Phubbing among Croatian students. In S. Naki&#263;Rado&Scaron; (Ed.), Protection and promotion of the well-being of children, youth, and families.@Selected Proceedings of the 1st International Scientific Conference of the Department of Psychology at the Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia: Catholic University of Croatia, 109-126.@Yes$Ivanova A., Gorbaniuk O., B&#322;achnio A., Przepi&oacute;rka A., Mraka N., Polishchuk V., Gorbaniuk J. (2020).@Mobile Phone Addiction, Phubbing, and Depression among Men and Women: A Moderated Mediation Analysis.@Psychiatric Quarterly, 1-14.@Yes$Bai, Q., Lei, L., Hsueh, F.H., Yu, X., Hu, H., Wang, X., and Wang, P. (2020).@Parent-adolescent congruence in phubbing and adolescents depressive symptoms: A moderated polynomial regression with response surface analyses.@Journal of Affective Disorders.@Yes$B&#322;achnio A. and Przepiorka A. (2019).@Be aware! If you start using Facebook problematically you will feel lonely: Phubbing, loneliness, self-esteem, and Facebook intrusion. A cross-sectional study.@Social Science Computer Review,  37(2), 270-278.@No$Lee Y.S., Han D.H., Kim S.M. and Renshaw P.F. (2013).@Substance abuse precedes internet addiction.@Addictive behaviors, 38(4), 2022-2025.@Yes$MatarBoumosleh J. and Jaalouk D. (2017).@Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students-A cross sectional study.@PLoS one, 12(8).@Yes$Alosaimi F.D., Alyahya H., Alshahwan H., Al Mahyijari, N., and Shaik S.A. (2016).@Smartphone addiction among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.@Saudi Medical Journal, 37(6), 675.@Yes$Griffiths L.J., Parsons T.J. and Hill A.J. (2010).@Self-esteem and quality of life in obese children and adolescents: a systematic review.@International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 5(4), 282-304.@Yes$Meral, G. (2018).@Is digital addiction a reason for obesity.@AGE, 11(18), 14-50.@Yes$David, M. E., and Roberts, J. A. (2017).@Phubbed and alone: Phone snubbing, social exclusion, and attachment to social media.@Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2(2), 155-163.@Yes$Acharya, J. P., Acharya, I., and Waghrey, D. (2013).@A study on some of the common health effects of cell-phones amongst college students.@Journal of Community Medicine and Health Education, 3(4), 1-4.@Yes$Latifa, R., Mumtaz, E.F. and Subchi, I. (2019).@Psychological Explanation of Phubbing Behavior: Smartphone Addiction, Emphaty and Self Control. In 2019 7th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM), IEEE, 7, 1-5.@undefined@Yes$Demirci, K., Akg&ouml;n&uuml;l, M., and Akpinar, A. (2015).@Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students.@Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(2), 85-92.@Yes$Nazir T, Pi&#351;kin M (2016).@Phubbing: A technological invasion which connected the world but disconnected humans.@Int J Indian Psychol, 3, 68-76.@Yes$Yam, F. C., and &#304;lhan, T. (2020).@Holistic Technological Addiction of Modern Age: Phubbing. Current Approaches in Psychiatry / Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar, 12(1).@undefined@Yes$Kim S.E., Kim J.W. and Jee Y.S. (2015).@Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity in Chinese international students in Korea.@Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(3), 200-205.@Yes$Choi D. (2015).@Physical activity level, sleep quality, attention control and self-regulated learning along to smartphone addiction among college students.@Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 16(1), 429-437.@Yes$Kim H. (2013).@Exercise rehabilitation for smartphone addiction.@Journal of exercise rehabilitation, 9(6), 500.@Yes$Park S. (2014).@Associations of physical activity with sleep satisfaction, perceived stress, and problematic Internet use in Korean adolescents.@BMC public health, 14(1), 1143.@Yes$Khan M.A., Shabbir F. and Rajput T.A. (2017).@Effect of gender and physical activity on internet addiction in medical students.@Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 191.@Yes$Erzen, E., Odaci, H., and Yeniceri, &#304;. (2019).@Phubbing: Which personality traits are pronetophubbing?.@Social Science Computer Review, 0894439319847415.@Yes
<#LINE#>The private health sector and universal health coverage in India: an assessment in light of the right to health framework<#LINE#>Kesavan Sreekantan @Nair,Sherin Raj @T.P. <#LINE#>28-31<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-035.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Health Administration, College of Public Health and Health, Informatics, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia@The National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Munirka, New Delhi-110067, India<#LINE#>17/6/2020<#LINE#>23/10/2020<#LINE#>The overall goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is to guarantee that every person receives the healthcare services as per his/her need without facing any financial barrier. The achievement of this goal depends upon the legal and regulatory environment to realize the human right to health. In this context, this paper examines the involvement of Indias private health sector in achieving the goal of UHC in light of the right to health framed by international law. The paper also addresses various consequences of growth of private health sector in the light of weak legal and regulatory environment, which might adversely affect achievement of UHC.<#LINE#>WHO (2014).@Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Fact Sheet no. 395.@http://www. who.int/mediacentre/factsheets /fs395/en.@No$WHO (2012).@Positioning health in the post-2015 development agenda.@WHO Discussion Paper.@No$Reading, J.P. (2010).@Whos responsible for this? the globalization of healthcare in developing countries.@Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 17(2), 386.@Yes$Wolf, A.H. and Toebes, B. (2016).@Assessing private sector involvement in health care and universal health coverage in light of the right to health.@Health and Human Rights Journal, 18(2),79-92.@Yes$Morgan, R., Ensor, T. and Waters, H. (2016).@Performance of private sector health care: implications for universal coverage.@388, 606-612.@Yes$Yoong, J., Burger, N., Spreng, C and Sood, N. (2010).@Private sector participation and health system performance in sub-Saharan Africa.@PLOS One, 5, p. 2.@Yes$Government of India. National Health Policy (2017).@Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.@Government of India.@No$Karan, A., Negandhi, Nair R et al. (2019).@Size, composition and distribution of human resources for health in India: New estimates using national sample survey and registry data.@BMJ Open, 9, e025979.@Yes$Gudwani, A., Mitra, P., Puri, A. and Vaidya, M. (2012).@India healthcare: inspiring possibilities, challenging journey.@New York: McKinsey & Co.@Yes$National Sample Survey Organization (2016).@Health in India- NSS 71st round.@Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation.@No$Kinney, E.D. and Clark, B.A. (2004).@Provisions for health and health care in the constitutions of the countries of the World.@Cornell International Law Journal, 37(2). https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5a89/866568bec0061a393 bafbb41a7c30219b8df.pdf.@Yes$Backman, G., Hunt, P., Khosla, R., Strouss, C.J., Fikre, M., Rumble, C. et al. (2008).@Health systems and the righto health: an assessment of 194 countries.@The Lancet, 372 (9655), 2047-85.@Yes$World Bank (2004).@World development report: Making services work for poor people.@Washington, DC: World Bank.@No$UN Committee on Economic (2000).@Social and Cultural Rights, 34-37.@undefined@Yes$Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2005). National Rural Health Mission- Framework for implementation. Government of India. New Delhi.@undefined@undefined@No$Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2012).@National Urban Health Mission-Framework for implementation.@Government of India. New Delhi.@No$Public Health Foundation of India (2011).@A critical assessment of the existing health insurance models in India: A research study.@New Delhi: Public Health Foundation of India to the Planning Commission. Government of India.@No$Government of India (2019).@Ayushman Bharat Pradhanmantri Jan Arogya Yojana.@National Health Authority. Available at https://www.pmjay.gov.in/. 12/2019@No$Phadke, A. (2016).@Regulation of doctors and private hospitals in India.@Economic and Political Weekly, 51(6), 46-55.@Yes$Dehury, R.K., Samal, J., Coutinho, S. and Dehury, P. (2019).@How does the largely unregulated private health sector impact the Indian mass?.@Journal of Health Management, 21(3), 383-393.@Yes$Sheikh, K., Saligram, P. and Hort, K. (2015).@What explains regulatory failure? Analyzing the architecture of healthcare regulation in two Indian states.@Health Policy and Planning, 30(1), 39-55.@Yes$Chaillet, N., Dube, E., Francoeur, D et al. (2007).@Identifying barriers and facilitators towards implementing guidelines to reduce caesarean section rates in Quebec.@Bulletin of World Health Organization, 85(10), 791-7.@Yes$De Costa, A. and Diwan, V. (2007).@Where is the public health sector?@Health Policy, 84(2-3), 269-76.@Yes
<#LINE#>Vaccine hesitancy affecting immunization status in rural and urban regions of Ahmedabad District, Gujarat, India: a cross-sectional study<#LINE#>Paridhi @Gupta,Kranti Suresh @Vora,Shahin @Saiyed,Parth @Tailor <#LINE#>32-40<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-040.pdf<#LINE#>Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India@Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India@Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India@Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India<#LINE#>2/7/2020<#LINE#>23/11/2020<#LINE#>Immunization is one of the most efficient interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality in children. Despite such interventions, immunization coverage is not sufficient. Our objective is to determine the factors affecting the immunization status of children in rural and urban areas of the Ahmedabad district. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out where children in the age group of 0-72 months in rural and urban communities were surveyed. Data were collected from mothers and caregivers who were willing to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using STATA MP 14.2. A total of 9, 466 responses were collected. Out of these, 7, 441 children were in the age-group of 12-72 months and hence were included to determine immunization status. Most children were fully immunized in both rural (86.40%) and urban (89.22%) areas. Vaccine hesitancy, family type, maternal education, unavailability of immunization card, place of immunization, and immunization facilitator were significantly associated with a child being partial/unimmunized. It was observed that socio demographic factors and vaccine hesitancy on part of the caregiver were important factors associated with the immunization status of children. Future strategies and interventions should focus on optimizing the timing and proper dissemination of information in both rural and urban areas in order to improve vaccine uptake.<#LINE#>World Health Organization (2020).@The power of vaccines: still not fully utilized.@https://www.who.int/ publications/10-year-review/vaccines/en/. Accessed 09/ 03/ 2020.@No$Mantel C. and Cherian T. (2020).@New immunization strategies: adapting to global challenges.@Bundesgesundheitsbl, 63, 25-31@Yes$Prusty S.K., Panda B., Chauhan A.S., and Das J.K. (2013).@Factors affecting immunization coverage in urban slums of Odisha, India: implicationson urban health policy.@Healthcare in Low-resource Setting, 1, e18.@Yes$Unicef and World Health Organization (2020).@Progress and Challenges with Achieving Universal Immunization Coverage.@https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring _surveillance/who-immuniz.pdf. Accessed 06/03/2020.@No$Singh S., Sahu D., Agrawal A., Jeyaseelan L., Nadaraj A., and Vashi M.D. (2019).@Coverage, quality, and correlates of childhood immunization in slums under national immunization program of India: A cross-sectional study.@Heliyon, 5(9), e02403.@Yes$Arede M., Bravo-Araya M., Bouchard E., Gill G.S., Plajer V., Shehraj A., and Shuaib Y.A. (2019).@Combating vaccine hesitancy: Teaching the next generation to navigate through the post truth era.@Front Public Heal., 6(381), 1-6.@Yes$World Health Organization (2014).@Report of the Sage Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy.@https://www.who. int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/1_Report_ WORKING_GROUP_vaccine_hesitancy_final.pdf. Accessed06/03/2020.@No$MoHFW (2020).@Government of India. Mission Indradhanush.@https://www.nhp.gov.in/mission-indra dhanush1_pg. Accessed09/03/2020.@No$International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), India, 2015-16: Gujarat. http://www.nfhsindia.org/. Accessed09/03/2020.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Vora K., Tailor P., Cottagiri S.A., and Saiyed S. (2019).@Methodology of a large Maternal and Child Health Demographic Surveillance System (MCHDSS) in marginalized communities.@Int J Adv Res Ideas Innov Technol., 5(4), 17-22.@Yes$Census of India (2020).@Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner India.@http://censusindia.gov.in/ 2011 census/population_enumeration.html. Accessed 09/ 03/ 2020.@Yes$Singh T., Sharma S. and Nagesh S. (2017).@Socio-economic status scales updated for 2017.@Int J Res Med Sci.,5(7), 3264-7.@Yes$MoHFW (2017).@Government of India.@Immunization Handbook for Medical Officers Reprint 2017. https://nhm.gov.in/New_Updates_2018/NHM_Components/Immunization/Guildelines_for_immunization/Immunization_Handbook_for_Medical_Officers%202017.pdf. Accessed 09/03/2020.@No$Panda B.K. (2020).@Temporal Trend and Inequality in Immunization Coverage in India.@https://www.intechopen. com/books/advanced-biometric-technologies/liveness-detection-in-biometrics. Accessed09/03/2020.@Yes$Shrivastwa N., Gillespie B.W., Kolenic G.E., Lepkowski J.M., and Boulton M.L. (2015).@Predictors of Vaccination in India for Children Aged 12-36 Months.@Am J Prev Med., 49(6), S435-44.@Yes$Geddam J.B., Kommu P.R., Ponna S.N., Mamidi R.S., Kokku S.B., Dudala S.R., and Veerraju B.B. (2018).@Immunization uptake and its determinants among the internal migrant population living in nonnotified slums of Hyderabad city, India.@J Fam Med Prim Care., 7(4), 796-803.@Yes$Dasgupta P., Bhattacherje S., Mukherjee A., and Dasgupta S. (2018).@Vaccine Hesitancy for Childhood Vaccinations in Slum Areas of Siliguri, India.@Indian J Public Health, 62(4), 253-258.@Yes$Vohra R., Vohra A., Bhardwaj P., Srivastava J., and Gupta P. (2013).@Reasons for failure of immunization: A cross-sectional study among 12-23-month-old children of Lucknow, India.@Adv Biomed Res., 2(1), 71.@Yes$Bhatt G.S., Mehariya V.M., Dave R.K., Mahavadiya M., Rana M., Sharma R., and Kumar P. (2015).@Immunization coverage in rural and urban field practice areas of a medical college of Gujarat.@Natl J Community Med., 6(3), 398-404.@Yes$Kesarwani P., Singh N., Keshari S.S., and Dixit S. (2017).@Cross sectional study of immunization coverage in urban slum areas of Lucknow region.@Int J Community Med Public Heal., 4(9), 3310.@Yes$Phukan R.K., Barman M.P., and Mahanta J. (2009).@Factors associated with immunization coverage of children in Assam, India: Over the first year of life.@J Trop Pediatr., 55(4), 249-52.@Yes$Kashyap A., Shrivastava S., and Krishnatray P. (2019).@Vaccine Hesitancy: The Growing Parent-Provider Divide.@Asia Pacific Media Educ., 29(2), 259-78.@Yes$Sarker A.R., Akram R., Ali N. and Sultana M. (2019).@Coverage and factors associated with full immunisation among children aged 12-59 months in Bangladesh: Insights from the nationwide cross-sectional demographic and health survey.@BMJ Open, 9(7), 1-11.@Yes$Pattnaik S., Selvaraj K., Kumar G.H.M., and Elango R. (2015).@Why do some parents prefer private vaccine providers in urban area?.@J Fam Med Prim Care, 4(4), 606.@Yes$Cohen M.A., Gargano L.M., Thacker N., Choudhury P., Weiss P.S., Arora M., Orenstein W.A., Omer S.B., and Hughes J.M. (2015).@Assessing providers vaccination behaviors during routine immunization in India.@J Trop Pediatr., 61(4), 244-9.@Yes$Kumar D., Aggarwal A., and Gomber S. (2010).@Immunization status of children admitted to a tertiary-care hospital of North India: Reasons for partial immunization or non-immunization.@J Heal Popul Nutr., 28(3), 300-4.@Yes
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Indonesian MSMEs and their access to financing<#LINE#>Tulus T.H. @Tambunan <#LINE#>41-51<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJSS-2019-035.pdf<#LINE#>Center for Industry, SME and Business Competition Studies, University of Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia<#LINE#>30/4/2020<#LINE#>20/10/2020<#LINE#>As in many other developing countries, in Indonesia small size businesses are very important. Their number reached 99% of the number of companies and accounted for 92% of job creation. However, many of them, especially from the micro and small enterprises category, have difficulties to grow or even to sustain, including limited access to finance. This paper presents the results of a study on the financing of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. As a descriptive study, it is based on secondary data analysis on their main obstacles, the annual growth of loans granted to these enterprises from commercial banks, and their main financial sources. There are three important findings: (i) limited funds is their main constraint, especially from the micro and small enterprises category, (ii) the majority of micro and small enterprises depend on  credits from informal sources, and (iii) for those who have never borrowed money from banks lack of collateral is main reason (except not interested).<#LINE#>Tambunan, Tulus (2018).@MSMEs and Access to Financing in a Developing Economy: The Indonesian Experience, in Atsede Woldie and Brychan Thomas (eds.).@Financial Entrepreneurship for Economic Growth in Emerging Nations, IGI Global (2018).@Yes$Tambunan, Tulus (2009).@SME in Asian Developing Countries, Palgrave Macmillan Publisher, London.@undefined@Yes$Tambunan, Tulus T.H. (2012).@Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah di Indonesia, LP3ES, Jakarta.@undefined@Yes$Wang, Yao (2016).@What are the biggest obstacles to growth of SMEs in developing countries? -An empirical evidence from an enterprise survey.@Borsa Istanbul Review, 16(3), 167-176.@Yes$Mason, C., and Brown, R. (2013).@Creating good public policy to support high growth firms.@Small Business Economics, 40(2), 211-225.@Yes$Kuntchev, V., Ramalho, R., Rodríguez-Meza, J., and Yang, J. S. (2013).@What  have we learned from the enterprise surveys regarding access to credit by SMEs?.@World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No.6670, Wasshington, D.C.: the World Bank.@Yes$Ayyagari, M., Demirguc-Kunt, A., and Maksimovic, V. (2014).@Who creates jobs in developing countries?.@Small Business Economics, 43(1), 75-99.@Yes$Tambunan, Tulus T.H. (2008).@Trade liberalization effects on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia: A case study.@Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 15(2), 35-59.@Yes$Tambunan, Tulus T.H. (2008).@Development of rural manufacturing SME clusters in a developing country: The Indonesian case.@Journal of Rural Development, 31(2), 123-146.@Yes$BPS (2010).@Profil Industri Kecil dan Mikro 2010, December.@Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.@Yes$BPS (2014).@Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2013.@Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.@Yes$BPS (2018).@Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2017.@Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.@Yes$ADB (2014).@Asia SME Finance Monitor 2013.@Manila: Asian Development Bank.@Yes$ADB (2014).@ADB-OECD Study on Enhancing Financial Accessibility for SMEs. Lessons from Recent Crises.@Manila: Asian Development Bank.@Yes$Kompas (2018). Kredit Murah Belum Optimal, Ekonomi, Kompas Newspaper, 9 July, 13, Jakarta.@undefined@undefined@No$Tambunan, Tulus T.H. (2018).@The Performance of Indonesias Public Credit Guarantee Scheme for MSMEs. A Regional Comparative Perspective.@Journal of Southeast Asian Asian Economic, 35(2), 319-32.@No$MoF (2019.)@Pembiyaan Ultra Mikro (UMi).@Jakarta: Ministry of Finance. https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/umi. Access: 12/12/2019.@Yes$BRI (2019).@Kupedes, Jakarta: Bank Rakyat Indonesia.@https://bri.co.id/kupedes. Access: 29/02/2020.@Yes$Hadi, Syafiul (2020).@Pemerintah Siapkan Dana Rp 26,1 M utk Startup Capital Tahun Ini.@February, Tempo.com https://tekno.tempo.co/read/1153241/startup-privyid-tanda -tangan-digital-bikin-hemat-kertas. Access: 05/03/2020.@Yes$SMC and SME (2019). State Ministry of Cooperative and SME (2019). www.depkop.go.id. Access: 10/10/2019.@undefined@undefined@Yes$BPS (2019). www.bps.go.id). Access: 11/10/2019.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Bank Indonesia (2018). https://www.bi.go.id/id/pencarian/ Default. aspx?k=kredit%20UMKM Access: 20/12/2018@undefined@undefined@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Locke, natural law, and the basis of religious sincerity<#LINE#>Nde Paul @Ade <#LINE#>52-57<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-026.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon<#LINE#>29/5/2020<#LINE#>24/9/2020<#LINE#>This paper unveils the belief that there exist some natural duties that individuals are obliged to fulfill. This permits one to abandon the hopeless question of sovereignty in the state. The various means to gain access to the content of natural law with complete certainty is also an indispensable preoccupation. First, the possibility of arriving at this knowledge is thanks to the dependence on the natural faculties of the individual. Second, by demonstrating that God exists while laying much emphasis on the argument from design. An omniscient God who is the creator of the universe and everything in it would not have created human beings without giving them certain objectives to attain or purposes in their lives to be fulfilled. Individuals are expected to refer to their natural duties. The content of our natural duties is deduced through a rational reflection on ones own human nature. These rational and inherent reflections are those that force people to act through three different natural duties. First, people always owe themselves the duty to ponder over the creations of God based on his knowledge that is manifested and evident in nature. The second duty is to be involved in praiseworthy activities involving God worship, adoration and honor which an omnipotent and benevolent God that he is deserves. Third, man must not only be concerned about the satisfaction of material needs as a prerequisite to a happy life but should equally partake in societal activities through speech, language, and the preservation of his life in particular and those of others in general.<#LINE#>Stephen, L. (1902).@History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century.@G.P., Putnams Sons,New York.@Yes$Locke, J. (2010).@A Letter Concerning Toleration.@Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.@No$Marshall, J. (2020).@London, Locke, and 1690s provisions for the poor in context: beggars, spinners, and slaves.@Politics, Religion and Ideas in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Britain: Essays in Honor of Mark Goldie, The Boydell Press, Woodbridge.@Yes$Scott, J.T. (2002).@The sovereignless state and Lockes language of obligation.@American Political Science Review, 94(3), 3.@Yes$James, F. (2008).@Locke, natural law and new world slavery.@Political Theory, 36(4), 495-522. doi:10.1177/009 0591708317899.@Yes$Nicholas, W. (1994).@John Lockes epistemological piety: reason is the candle of the lord.@Faith and Philosophy, 11(4), 572-592.@Yes$Aquinas, T. (2002).@Summa Theologiae.@Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.@Yes$Hobbes, T. (1962).@Leviathan.@Hackett Publishing Company, Cambridge.@No$Locke, J. (1997).@Political Essays.@Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.@Yes$Stuart, R.T. (2020).@From Moral Theology to Moral Philosophy: Cicero and Visions of Humanity from Locke to Hume.@Tim Stuart Buttle, Oxford University Press, Oxford,pp. 215-260. ISBN: 9780198835585.@No$Thomas, L. (2004).@Through a glass darkly: more on Lockes logic of ideas.@Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 85(3), 322-337. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0114.2001.00203.x.@Yes$Goldie, M., & Soulard, D. (2020).@The Early Lives of John Locke.@Oxford University Press, Oxford.@No$Vernon, R. (1997).@The Career of Toleration.@Queens University Press, McGill.@Yes$David, A. (2004).@John Locke, Carolina and the Two Treatises of Government.@Political Theory, 32(5), 602-627. doi:10.1177/0090591704267122.@Yes$Hans, A. (1994).@Lockes influence.@The Cambridge Companion to Locke, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 252-289. doi:10.1017/CCOLO521383714. 011.@No$Tuckness, A. (2000).@Legislation and non-neutral principles: A Lockean approach.@Journal of Political Philosophy, 8(3), 15-16.@Yes$William, A., & Benneth J. (1988).@Locke on people and substances.@The Philosophical Review, 97(1), 25-46. doi:10.2307/2185098.@Yes$Ade, N.P. (2020).@The question of tolerance in the world: A reading of John Locke (Unpublished doctoral dissertation).@The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon.@No$Locke, J. (1954).@Essays on the Law of Nature.@Von Leyden, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.@Yes$Milton, J. (1993).@Lockes essay on toleration: Text and context.@British Journal of the History of Philosophy, 53(1), 45-56.@Yes
<#LINE#>Indian food beliefs and health behavior affecting womens health during pregnancy: a cross-cultural review<#LINE#>Lochan @Sharma <#LINE#>58-64<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-046.pdf<#LINE#>Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India<#LINE#>8/8/2020<#LINE#>30/11/2020<#LINE#>The increasing burden of Maternal Mortality Rates and Pregnancy-Related Complications in the Indian Sub-continent (which is known for its diversity of culture) could be attributed to several major causes, particularly the socio-cultural behavior of the community and individual per se. This ethno-psychology, which lays its impact on ethno-physiology, in terms of dietary behavior as well as health behavior is the core indulgence of this paper. This paper aims to draw some of the major Indian food beliefs and practices during pregnancy which has direct association with health of expecting mother and the fetus. For this rationale, an adequate number of literatures and databases, in Indian and global contexts were reviewed and analyzed thematically to validate the conceptualization of this paper. The paper summarizes the evidences from major datasets showing the problem and factors from well-renowned literatures such as Ayurveda stating hot-cold theory, eating-down strategy, pica foods etc as some the major beliefs. These variables vary geographically and have evolved over course of time. In addition to it, the health service behavior is seen to have inverse relationship with the indigenous belief systems.<#LINE#>World Health Organization (2017).@Health Statistics and Information Systems.@http://www.who.int/healthinfo/ statistics/indmaternalmortality/en/. Retrieved Feb 25, 2017@No$Joe, W. et al. (2015).@Maternal Mortality in India: A review of Trends and Patterns.@IEG Working Paper No. 353, pp 3-21. URL: http://www.iegindia.org/ upload/ publication/Workpap/wp353.pdf@Yes$Carine, R., & Wendy, J. G. (2006).@Maternal Mortality: Who, when, where and why.@Lancet (Maternal Survival series steering group), 368(9542), 1189-1200, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69380-X.@Yes$Say, L., et.al. (2014).@Global Causes of Maternal Death: a WHO Systematic Analysis.@Lancet Global Health, e323-e333, doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X@Yes$Institute of Research in Medical Statistics (2003).@Estimates of Maternal Mortality Ratios in India and its States: A pilot Study.@https://main.icmr.nic.in/sites/ default/files/reports/Final_Pilot_Report.pdf@No$Gogoi, M. (2015).@Pregnancy Complications and Birth Outcome: Do health Care Services Make A difference?.@International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(3), 27-35.@Yes$Chaudhary, U. K. (2006).@Traditional Practices of Women from India: Pregnancy, Childbirth and New-born Care.@Journal of Obstetric Gynaecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 26(5), 533-539.@Yes$Nag, M. (1994).@Beliefs and Practices about Food during Pregnancy: Implications for Maternal Nutrition.@Economic and Political Weekly, 29(37), 2427-2438.@Yes$Gupta, P. (2016).@Understanding Food and Diet Pattern During Pregnancy Among the Chamar Women in Rural Uttar Pradesh: Perceptions and Practices.@Journal of Anthropological Survey of India, 65(1), 23-37.@Yes$Shwetha, T., Swetha, R., Iyengar, K., & Rani, U. (2017).@Food taboos among pregnant and lactating mothers in Tumkur: a qualitative study.@International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 4(4). https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171324@No$Uzma, E., Tamanna, Z., & Humaira, J. (2016).@Taboos and misconceptions associated with pregnancy among rural women in Aligarh.@International Journal of Information Research and Review, 3(12), 3407-3409.@Yes$Geddavalasa, L. (2013).@Food preferences and taboos during ante-natal period among the tribal women of north coastal Andhra Pradesh.@Journal of Community Nutrition and Health, 2(2), 32-37.@Yes$Shomya, S. (2015).@Taboos in Food Practices during Pre and Post-natal period: A comparative study between Tribal and non-Tribal women in Odisha.@Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, NIT.@Yes$Puri, S., & Kapoor, S. (2006).@Taboos and Myths associated with Women@Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 31(4).@Yes$Mukhopadhyay, S., & Sarkar, A. (2009).@Pregnancy-related food habits among women of rural Sikkim, India.@Public Health Nutrition, 12(12), 2317-2322.@Yes$Antonsson, K. (2009).@What is the Function of Food Taboos? URL- http://writing50.weebly.com/uploads/3/3/6 /5/3365789/student_sample_paper_food_taboos.pdf. Retrieved April 07, 2017,@undefined@Yes$Meyer Rochow, V. (2009).@Food Taboos: their origins and purposes.@Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 5(18).@Yes$Daivadanam, M., Wahlstrom, R., Thankappan, K., & Ravindran, T. (2015).@Balancing expectations amidst limitations: the dynamics of food decision-making in rural Kerala.@BMC Public Health, 15(644).@Yes$Iordachescu, A.C., et al. (2020).@Dietary behavior during pregnancy. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.@20(3), 2460-2464. https://doi.org/ 10.3892/etm.2020.8804@Yes$Iradukunda Favorite (2019).@Food taboos during pregnancy.@Health care for Women International, 41, 2, pp 159-168.DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2019.1574799.@Yes$Greenhill, Emma and Vollmer, R.L. (2019).@Perception of a fathers role during a couples first pregnancy.@Family and Consumer Services, 48(1). 52-64. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1111/fcsr.12327@Yes
@Short Review Paper
<#LINE#>Social factors key determinants in disease outbreaks, a telling pointer to professionalize community interventions<#LINE#>N.S. Ramesh @Chandran <#LINE#>65-68<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJSS-2020-027.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Social Work, National College, Thiruvanathapuram, India<#LINE#>5/5/2020<#LINE#>16/10/2020<#LINE#>The epidemiology of a large number of endemics and diseases evidently shows that social factors are key determinants, which deserve to be viewed seriously. It is a telling pointer for social workers to augment and strengthen expertise in: dealing with public health issues most methodically, developing social protocols to assist health care professionals in outbreak management and morbidity surveillance, designing community intervention strategies by integrating the services of Government Agencies and Non Governmental Organizations, examining social determinants of communicable diseases to frame evidence based interventions, putting up a comprehensive blueprint to address health inequities and disseminating health literacy programmes A mechanism like the single-window system devised for consolidating, coordinating and standardizing service delivery of NGOs, docked with the support of a Surveillance Council constituted for developing relevant insights and intervention strategies would help the community curb disease outbreaks significantly. A road map developed on the basis of community profile would serve as a good tool to keep tabs on social determinants for checking health inequities to a large extent. Effective communication builds up a strong network of professional contacts with Community Members, Health Care Providers, Media, Local Administration and NGOs. Networking is an amazing technique to invoke the cooperation and compliance of community members in translating key instructions into virtual action, which does demand professionalism and training. Social Workers should be well versed in manning risk communication during disease outbreaks.  The growth of evidence based interventions depends a lot on the development of communication tools and strategies, particularly during health emergencies. The more and more professionalism is incorporated in interventions the more and more the community benefits.<#LINE#>Grace A Noppert, John T Kubale, and Mark L Wilson, (2017).@Analyses of infectious disease patterns and drivers largely lack insights from social epidemiology: contemporary patterns and future opportunities.@International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 71(4), 350-355@Yes$Kaori Honjo (2004).@Social epidemiology: Definition, history, and research examples.@Environmental health and preventive medicine, 9(5), 193-199. doi:10.1007/BF02898 100@Yes$WHO (2011).@WHO strategic communications frame work for effective communications.@www.who.int &gt; mediacentre &gt; communication-framework,@No$WHO (2009).@Pan American Health Organization, Regional office of the, Creating a communication strategy for pandemic influenza.@www.paho.org &gt; PAHO_ Comm Strategy_Eng@No$WHO (2018).@Part I: Epidemics of the 21st century.@Hand book Managing Epidemics.@No$David E. Bloom and Daniel Cadarette (2019).@Infectious Disease Threats in the Twenty-First Century: Strengthening the Global Response.@Frontiers in Immunology, doi:10. 3389/fimmu.2019.00549@Yes$Sandra Crouse Quinn and Supriya Kumar (2014).@Health Inequalities and Infectious Disease Epidemics: A Challenge for Global Health Security, Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy.@Practice, and Science, 12(5), 263-273.@Yes$Rio Political Declaration (2011).@Social determinants of health discussion.@Evaluating intersectoral processes for action on the social determinants of health: learning from key informants, World Health Organization@No$Erik Blas and Anand Sivasankara Kurup (&#8206;2010).@Equity, social determinants and public health programmes edited by Erik Blas and Anand Sivasankara Kurup.@World Health Organization, apps.who.int &gt; bitstream &gt; handle &gt; 9789241563970_eng@Yes