@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Performance of Centre Pivot Sprinkler Irrigation System and its Effect on Crop Yield at Ubombo Sugar Estate <#LINE#>S.T@Msibi,N.I@Kihupi,A.K.P.R@Tarimo<#LINE#>1-11<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJEngS-2014-29.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Agricultural Engineering and Land Planning, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O Box 3003, Morogoro, TANZANIA @ Ubombo Sugar Limited, P.O Box 23, Big Bend, SWAZILAND<#LINE#>2/5/2014<#LINE#>20/5/2014<#LINE#>  The objective was to evaluate the performance of centre pivot sprinkler irrigation system and its effect on sugarcane yield at Ubombo Sugar estate to enable proposition of system configurations and management that will optimise water use and sugarcane yields. The process constituted analysis of weather parameters, design parameters, water application and uniformities, hydraulic measurements of pressure and discharge at various points in the system, system operating speed and sprinkler packages, irrigation water quality, soil physic-chemical properties, soil infiltration, soil compaction and sugarcane yields for four centre pivots (EEL09, NKA21, CAS02 and SMB). Results demonstrate that centre pivots were accurately designed and installed as they adequately supplied water to meet sugarcane demand of 7.5mm/day. Performance indicators show that centre pivots were performing relatively well as uniformity coefficients (CU and DU) for the systems were within acceptable standards above the base values of 85% for CU and 75% for DU. Application efficiencies (AELQ and PELQ) were only achieved by CAS02 and SMB as they were above the minimum of 90%. Poor infiltration as a result of compaction and clogging of sprinklers for EEL09, and lower than design pressure at pivot point for NKA21 were responsible for the sub standard application efficiencies. Soils were inherently sandy textured with a mixture of shallow and deep profiles. The physic-chemical properties indicate that soils were ideal for sugarcane growth except for shallow profiles which limited sugarcane yields due to the combined effect of low water holding capacity, reduced infiltration and hence runoff as a result of compaction by mechanical harvesting. Quality of irrigation water was within acceptable levels and had no negative impacts crop and soil. Yields were a major factor indicating the performance of the system and only EEL09 achieved low yields of 71 t/ha against 147 t/ha for CAS02, 124.8 t/ha for NKA21 and 106 t/ha for SMB. This is evidence of the performance and potential of centre pivot irrigation system. Factors affecting performance were pressure variations, clogging of sprinklers, rutting of un-gravelled tracks, shallow soils, compaction, reduced infiltration and game encroaching cane fields. Constant pressure checks, flushing of sprinklers, gravelling tracks or installing back booms, chiselling and ripping as well as fencing fields can improve system performance and sugarcane yields at Ubombo. <#LINE#> @ @ Ntantos P.N. and Karpouzos D.K., Application of data envelopment analysis and performance indicators to irrigation systems in Thessalonoki Plains (Greece),International Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 4(3)(2010) @No $ @ @ Mudima K. Socio – economic impact of smallholder irrigation development in Zimbabwe. A case study of five successful irrigation schemes, Private irrigation in sub –Saharan Africa. Proceedings, 22 – 26 October 2001, Accra, Ghana 2002, 21–30 (2001) @No $ @ @ Magwenzi  O.E.,  A  decision  support  tool  for  assessing economics  of  irrigation  in  sugarcane, Procedures  of  the  South African Sugar Technologists Association, 76, 135-146 (2002) @No $ @ @ Qureshi M.E., Charlesworth P.B., Bristow K.L. and Wegener M.K., Profitability of growing sugarcane under alternative irrigation systems in the Burdekin Delta. Procedures of the Australian Society Sugar Cane Technologists, 24, (2002) @No $ @ @ Magwenzi O.E., Evaluation of irrigation efficiency in the Swaziland sugar industry, Procedures of the South African Sugar Technologists Association, 74, 151-156 (2000) @No $ @ @ Msibi S.T., Kihupi N.I. and Tarimo A.K.P.R., An appraisal of water and power budgeting systems for sustainable irrigation at Ubombo, Res. J. Engineering Sci., 3(4), 1-9 (2014) @No $ @ @ S.T. Msibi, N.I. Kihupi, A.K.P.R. Tarimo and A.M. Manyatsi, Technical performance evaluation of centre pivot sprinkler irrigation system at Ubombo Sugar estate, Swaziland, International Journal of Agricultural Science and Bioresource Engineering Research., 3(1and2), 23-38 (2014) @No $ @ @ S.T. Msibi, N.I. Kihupi, A.K.P.R. Tarimo and A.M. Manyatsi. Evaluation of speed effect on the technical efficiency of centre pivot irrigation at Ubombo Sugar estate, Swaziland, International Journal of Agricultural Science and Bioresource Engineering Research., 3(1and2), 14-22 (2014) @No $ @ @ Merriam J.L. and Keller J., Farm Irrigation System Evaluation: A Guide for Management, Agricultural and Irrigation Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, USA (1978) @No $ @ @ Ascough G.W. and Kiker G.A., The effect of irrigation uniformity on irrigation water requirements, Africa Journal ofAgricultural Research, 28, 378–473 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ascough G.W. and Kiker G.A., The effect of irrigation uniformity on irrigation water requirements. Africa Journal ofAgricultural Research 28, 378–473 (2002) @No $ @ @ Savva A.P. and Frenken K., Irrigation Manual for Planning, Development, Monitoring and Evaluation of irrigated Agriculture with Farmer Participation. Foodand Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations FAO Sub-Regional Office for Eastand Southern Africa, Harare, 58 (2002) @No $ @ @ Swaziland Sugar Association. Management of Irrigation for the Sugar Industry(2009) @No $ @ @ Carter M.R. and Gregorich E.G., Soil sampling and methods of analysis. Second Edition, Canadian Society of Soil Science, 89 (2006) @No $ @ @ B. Misstear, D. Banks and L. Clark, Irrigation Water Quality Guidelines, Water Wells and Boreholes, Food and Agriculture Organization (2006) @No 
@Research Article
<#LINE#>A Survey on Tools and Algorithms of Ontology Operations <#LINE#>S.@Chitra,G.@Aghila<#LINE#>12-25<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJEngS-2014-23.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Research and Development Center, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, INDIA @ Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, Pondicherry, TN, INDIA<#LINE#>15/4/2014<#LINE#>10/5/2014<#LINE#>  Ontologies are currently emerging as representation techniques for overlapping complimentary context domains. A single ontology is no longer enough to support the tasks predicted by a distributed environment like the Semantic Web. Need to be access multiple ontologies from several applications. Ontology management is possible through interoperability of semantic data sources. Importance of ontology especially its application in the WWW leads to Semantic Web that is being standardized in various research and application. Different ontological tools have different data representation and operations of concepts with respect to their input. Their functionalities and information structures also vary across their tools and operations. There are at present very few survey papers that provide in-depth discussion of these techniques and their applications. In this paper we converse the various state-of-the-art ontological tools with their internal operations and various algorithms.  <#LINE#> @ @ S. Shakkottai, T.S. Rappaport and P.C. Karlsson., Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks, WNCG Tech. Rep. TR-2003-04-00001, Wireless Networking and Commun. Group, Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., (2003) @No $ @ @ Vineet Srivastava and MehulMotani., Cross-Layer Design: A Survey and the Road Ahead, IEEE communication magazine, 43(12), 112-119, (2005) @No $ @ @ Ishizaki F. and Gang UkHwang., Cross-Layer Design and Analysis of Wireless Networks Using the Effective Bandwidth Function, IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, 6(9), 3214-3219 (2007) @No $ @ @ V. Srivastava and M. Motani., The Road Ahead for the Cross-Layer Design, in Proc. of IEEE 2nd  International Conf. on Broadband Networks, 1, 551-560, (2005) @No $ @ @ Fotis Foukalas, Vangelis Gazis, And Nancy Alonistioti., Cross-Layer Design Proposals for Wireless Mobile Networks: A Survey And Taxonomy, IEEE Communication Surveys and Tutorials.,10(1), 70-85, (2008) @No $ @ @ S. Toumpis and A. J. Goldsmith., Capacity Regions for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, IEEE  Transactions on Wireless Communications., 2(4), 746-748, (2003) @No $ @ @ S. Pollin,  B. Bougard  and  G. Lenoir., Cross-Layer Exploration of Link Adaptation in  Wireless LANs with TCP Traffic,  Proc. IEEE Benelux Chapter on Communications and  Vehicular Technology., (2003) @No $ @ @ F. Aune., Cross-Layer Design Tutorial, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunications, Trondheim, Norway, (2004) @No $ @ @ A.J.Goldsmith and P.P.Varaiya., Capacity of Fading Channels with Channel Side Information, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory., 43(6), 1986-1992, (1997) @No $ @ @ D. Wu and R. Negi., Effective Capacity: A Wireless Link Model for Support of Quality of Service, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., 2(4), 630–43 (2003) @No $ @ @ Xi Zhang and Jia Tang, Hsiao-Hwa Chen, Song Ci, Mohsen Guizani., Cross-Layer-Based Modeling for Quality of Service Guarantees in Mobile Wireless Networks, IEEE Comm. Mag., 44(1), 100-106, (2006) @No $ @ @ Q. Liu, S. Zhou, and G. 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Shroff., The Impact of Imperfect Scheduling on Cross Layer Rate Control in Wireless Networks, INFOCOM 2005. 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Proceedings IEEE., 3, 1804-1814, (2005) @No 
<#LINE#>Analysis of Ground Water Quality Parameters: A Review <#LINE#>Devendra@Dohare,Shriram@Deshpande,Atul@Kotiya<#LINE#>26-31<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJEngS-2014-24.pdf<#LINE#> CE-AMD, S.G.S.I.T.S. College, Indore, INDIA @ S.G.S.I.T.S.College, Indore, INDIA @  Regional Lab, M.P.P.C.B., Indore, INDIA <#LINE#>17/4/2014<#LINE#>15/5/2014<#LINE#>  Due to human and industrial activities the ground water is contaminated. This is the serious problem now a day. Thus the analysis of the water quality is very important to preserve and prefect the natural eco system. The assessment of the ground water quality was carried out in the different wards of Indore City. The present work is aimed at assessing the water quality index (WQI) for the ground water of Indore City and its industrial area .The ground water samples of all the selected stations from the wards were collected for a physiochemical analysis. For calculating present water quality status by statistical evaluation and water quality index, following 27 parameters have been considered Viz. pH, color, total dissolved solids. electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chromium, zinc, manganese, nickel. The obtained results are compared with Indian Standard Drinking Water specification IS: 10500-2012. The study of physico-chemical and biological characteristics of this ground water sample suggests that the evaluation of water quality parameters as well as water quality management practices should be carried out periodically to protect the water resources.  <#LINE#> @ @ S.P. Gorde and M.V. Jadhav, Assessment of Water Quality Parameters: A Review, Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 3(6), 2029-2035 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kavitha R. and Elangovan K., Review article on Ground water quality characteristics at Erode district, (India), of I.J.E.S., 1(2),(2010) @No $ @ @ Shweta Tagy and et al, Water Quality Assessment in terms of Water Quality Index, American Journal of Water Resources, 1(3), 34-38 (2013) @No $ @ @ Manjesh Kumar and Ramesh Kumar, Assessment of Physico-Chemical properties of Ground Water in granite mining area in Goramachia, Jhansi (India), 2(1), 19-24, (2013) @No $ @ @ Shivasharanappa and et al, Assessment of Ground Water Quality using Water Quality Index, at Bidar City Karnataka, International Journal of Environmental Science,2(2), 965-976 (2011) @No $ @ @ J. Sirajudeen Arul Manikandan and V. Manivel, Water Quality Index of Ground Water around Ampikapuram area near Uyyakondan channel Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu, Archives of Applied Science Research,5(3), 21-26 (2013) @No $ @ @ Cristina Rosu, Ioana Pistea, Mihaela Calugar, Ildika Martonos, A. Ozunu, Assessment of Ground Water Quality Status by using water quality index (WQI) Method in Tureni Village (2012) @No $ @ @ Gupta N. and et.al., Physico-Chemical Analysis of Drinking Water Quality from 32 locations in Delhi, Journal of Indian Water Works Association,(2010) @No $ @ @ G. Achuthan Nair, Jalal Ahmed Bohjuari, Muftah A. AL-Mariami, Fathi Ali Atia and Fatma F. EI-Toumi, carried out groundwater quality status by water quality index at North –East Libya,oct, 27(4), 695-700 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ramakrishna C. and et.al., Studies on Ground Water Quality in slums of Visakhapatnam, Asian Journal of chemistry,21(6), 4246-4250 (2009) @No $ @ @ Amaaliya N.K. and Sugirtha P. Kumar, Carried out ground water quality status by water quality index method at Kanyakumari (INDIA) (2013) @No $ @ @ Rajankar P. and et al., Assessment of Ground Water Quality using water quality index(WQI) in Wardha Maharashtra, Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainability, NEERI, 1(2), 49-54 (2013) @No $ @ @ K. Elangovan, Carried out characteristics of tube well water for district Erode (India), Int. Journal of Environmental science,1(2),(2010) @No $ @ @ Srinivas Kushtagi and Padki Srinivas, Studies on water quality index of ground water of Aland taluka, Gulbarga(INDIA), International journal of applied biology and pharmaceutical technology,2(4),(2011) @No $ @ @  Manual on water and wastewater analysis, National Environment Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, (1988) @No $ @ @ Muthukumaravel K. and et al., Evaluation of Ground Water Quality in Perambalur, Indian Journal of Environmental Sciences,14(1), 47-49 (2010) @No $ @ @ Standard APHA Methods for the examination of Water, 22ND Edition, (2012) @No $ @ @ Beuro of Indian Standards for Drinking water 2012 (BIS 2012) ,(2012) @No $ @ @ Wabaluti Rambai, Dissertation Phase-1, Evaluation of water quality index and computation of environmental health indicators-case study, S.G.S.I.T.S. Indore (2013) @No $ @ @ Niranjan K. and et.al., Ground Water Quality Assessment of Wailpalli Nalgonda, Indian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 15(1), 69-76 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Comparison of IEEE and Pinceti Models of Surge Arresters <#LINE#>Nafar@Mehdi,Ghahraman@Solookinejad,Jabbari@Masoud<#LINE#>32-34<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJEngS-2014-18.pdf<#LINE#>1 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, IRAN @ Department of   physics, College of Basic Science, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, IRAN <#LINE#>30/3/2014<#LINE#>17/4/2014<#LINE#>  The main causes over voltages in power system are switching and lightning. The over voltages can damage the insolation of lines and equipment’s connected to the power system. To protect of insulations and equipment of the power systems from the damaging effects by lightning over voltages, metal oxide surge arresters have been used. Because of dynamic behavior of the surge arresters, they can’t be simulated using non-linear resistors. Therefore, several models are proposed for simulate the dynamic properties of surge arresters. IEEE and pinceti models are the main models that proposed in order to simulate the dynamic behavior of surge arresters. In this paper, for identification of surge arrester parameters, a novel algorithm has been proposed and then a comparison among IEEE model and pinceti model has been investigated.  <#LINE#> @ @ Rajput A.K., Simulation of RResonance in Basic Electrical Engineering with Lab VIEWRes. J. Engineering Sci.,2(1),45 @No $ @ @ Sandeep K., Current Research Trends in Electrical Discharge Machining: A Review, Res. J. Engineering Sci.,(2013) @No $ @ @ Singh P.K., Kumar S. and Sinha S., Sub-millimeter Air Gaps, Res. J. Engineering Sci.,(2013) @No $ @ @ Al-Maamori M.H., Al-Mosawi A.I., Khudhair Shaymaa H. and Muttaleb M.K., Study the Efficiency of adsorption Leshman's Stain Dye on the surface of some metal oxidesEngineering Sci., 2(4), 16-21 (2013) @No $ @ @ Nafar M.,  Gharehpetian G.B. and Niknam T., A New Parameter Estimation Algorithm for Metal Oxide Surge Arrester, Journal of Electric Power Components and Systems;39(7), 696-712 (2011) @No $ @ @ Nafar M.,  Gharehpetian G. B. and Niknam T., A Novel Parameter Estimation Method for Metal Oxide Surge Arrester Models, Journal of SADHANA (Indian Ac36(6), 941–961 (2011) @No $ @ @ IEEE WG 3.4.11, Modeling of metal oxide surge arrester, Trans. on Power Delivery,, 302 @No $ @ @ Pinceti P. and Giannettoni M., A simplified model for zinc oxide surge arresters. IEEE Transactions on Power14(2), 393-398 (1999) @No $ @ @ Fernandez F. and Diaz R., Metal oxide surge arrester model for fast transient simulations, In, The Int. Conf. on Power System Transients IPAT’01, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil @No $ @ @ Popov M., Van der Sluis L. and Paap G.C., AppliNew Surge Arrester Model in Protection Studies Concerning Switching Surges, Power Engineering Review,19–19 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kim I, Funabashi T, Sasaki H, Hagiwara T, Kobayashi M. Study of ZnO Arrester Model for Steep Front WaveTransactions on Power Delivery,11(2), 834-841(1996)  @No $ @ @ Canadian/American EMTP User Group, Alternative Transients Program Rule Book, Leuven, Belgium (1987)@No