@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Rainfall distribution analysis in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka<#LINE#>M.M.A.P. @Manike,G.R. @Krishnananthy,M. @Rajendran <#LINE#>1-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJEngS-2023-010.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka@Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka@Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka<#LINE#>25/7/2023<#LINE#>12/10/2023<#LINE#>Studying the spatiotemporal patterns of rainfall has become vital in effectively managing water resources for long-term prosperity. This study was conducted with the objective of investigating the variations in rainfall distribution within the Kurunegala district. To accomplish this, historical rainfall data from four gauging stations were subjected to comprehensive mathematical and statistical analyses.  Additionally, the research delved into assessing rainfall trends, rainfall exceedance and the examination of meteorological drought conditions. Rainfall distribution within the district exhibits significant spatio-temporal fluctuations. Bathalagoda stands out with the highest annual mean rainfall, measuring 1843mm. In comparison, Wariyapola, Mediyawa, and Siyambalagamuwa report corresponding figures of 1629mm, 1315mm, and 1222mm, respectively. However, it's worth noting that rainfall is concentrated primarily within specific months of the year. When considering a 50% probability of annual rainfall exceeding a certain threshold, Bathalagoda records 1825mm, while Wariyapola, Mediyawa, and Siyambalagamuwa show figures of 1662mm, 1284mm, and 1226mm, respectively. Interestingly, there is a decreasing trend in annual rainfall for Mediyawa, Wariyapola, and Siyambalagamuwa, while Bathalagoda exhibits an increasing trend. The Southwest monsoonal (SWM) and 2nd inter-monsoonal (IM2) rainfall patterns are displaying a consistent decline across all measurement stations. Conversely, both Mediyawa and Bathalagoda exhibit a positive trend in rainfall during the 1st inter-monsoonal (IM1) and Northeast monsoonal (NEM) periods. There is a negative trend in Maha seasonal rainfall across all regions except for Bathalagoda, where the trend is positive. Additionally, there is a positive trend in Yala seasonal rainfall observed in Mediyawewa and Bathalogoda. Moreover, recent years have seen the occurrence of severe drought conditions in Wariyapola, Mediyawa, and Siyambalagamuwa. In contrast to other areas, Mediyawa and Siyambalagamuwa experience significant deviations from the long-term average in terms of rainfall. The study area exhibits a recurring pattern in the distribution of rainfall over time. Nevertheless, the quantity of rainfall received in recent years has been lower compared to the preceding decade across all regions except Bathalagoda. Therefore, making proper management decisions that consider rainfall distribution patterns is crucial for the effective governance of water resources and ensuring the sustainability of agricultural production.<#LINE#>Change, I. P. O. C. (2007).@Climate change 2007: The physical science basis.@Agenda, 6(07), 333.@Yes$CHANGE, O. C. (2007).@Intergovernmental panel on climate change.@World Meteorological Organization, 52, 1-43.@Yes$Oliver, J.E. (1980).@Monthly Precipitation Distribution: A Comparative Index.@Professional Geographer, 32, 300-309.@Yes$De Luis, M., Gonzalez-Hidalgo, J. C., Brunetti, M., & Longares, L. A. (2011).@Precipitation concentration changes in Spain 1946–2005.@Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 11(5), 1259-1265.@Yes$Singh, V., & Dev, P. (2012).@50 year rainfall data analysis and future trend in Saharanpur region.@Mausam, 63(1), 55-64.@Yes$Cacciamani, C., Morgillo, A., Marchesi, S., & Pavan, V. (2007).@Monitoring and forecasting drought on a regional scale: Emilia-Romagna region.@Methods and tools for drought analysis and management, 29-48.@Yes
<#LINE#>Electrical and mechanical study of a medium-voltage overhead distribution line<#LINE#>Cossi Télesphore @NOUNANGNONHOU,Guy Clarence @SEMASSOU,Kossoun Alain @TOSSA,Maryse @ASSOGBA <#LINE#>10-19<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJEngS-2023-012.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin and Laboratory of Electrotechnics, Telecommunications and Applied Informatics (LETIA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Bénin@Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin@Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin@Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin<#LINE#>12/10/2023<#LINE#>2/4/2024<#LINE#>The Benin Sustainable and Secure Access to Electrical Energy Project (PADSBEE), initiated by the Government of Benin, aims to develop sustainable access to electricity through the construction of new lines to extend distribution networks. The construction of overhead distribution lines requires perfect knowledge and application of the climatic, electrical and geometric constraints to which they are subject. Our work thus consists in designing a software package for the electrical and mechanical dimensioning of medium-voltage overhead lines, with its application to the 3 km long 20 kV overhead line in the town of Come, in the Mono department. Based on the characteristics of the conductor to be used, the current criteria and the maximum permissible voltage drop, the electrical dimensioning allowed us to determine an Almelec conductor with a cross-section of 75.5 mm² and composite insulators with a 490 mm creepage distance. From a mechanical point of view, verification of clearances to obstacles led to the selection of reinforced concrete supports 12 m in line and at a standstill, and 13 m at an angle. Wind and conductor loads on the supports led to the selection of Class A supports with a force of 300 daN in alignment, a Class A support with a force of 800 daN at an angle, and Class C supports with a force of 2000 daN at a stop. Reinforcements are of the sheet-vault type in alignment, horizontal stirrup in angle and single cross-member anchorage in stop.<#LINE#>Ministère de l’Energie du Benin (2023). Politique nationale de maîtrise d’énergie 2020-2030.@https://pspdb.dev.gouv.bj/server/storage/app/PolitiqueFichiers/63_PONAME_VF.pdf. 26 mai 2023.@undefined@No$Ministère de Energie du Bénin (2022).@Projet d’Accès Durable etSécurité du Bénin à l’Energie Electrique (PADSBEE 2019-2025).@https://energie.gouv.bj/page/ projet-dacces-durable-et-securise-du-benin-a-lenergie-electrique-padsbee-2019-2025. 15 juillet 2022.@No$Médiapart Bénin (2022).@Mise en œuvre du PADSBEE : Objectif, 75% de taux d’accès à l’électricité d’ici 2025.@https://mediapartbenin.com/article/675/benin-mise-en-%C5%93uvre-padsbee-objectif-75%25-taux-acces-a-electricite-ici-2025/. 31 mars 2022.@No$Zoubga, I. (2013). ETUDE et dimensionnement de la liaison électrique Interurbaine PA-DEDOUGOU: tronçon 33kV Safane-Wona.@Institut International d’Ingénierie/2011/2012/2iE.@undefined@Yes$YeJ. R. (2019).@Construction d’une ligne de distribution électrique hta de 15 kVet restructuration d’un réseau électrique bta au secteur 30 de bobo-dioulasso (Mémoire d’Ingénieur avec grade de Master en génie électrique et énergétique).@Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2IE), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.@No$Madeca M. M. (2019).@Etudes techniques d’alimentation de postes hta/bta sur portique dans la ville de ouagadougou : cas du poste 122 à nonsin (Mémoire d’Ingénieur avec grade de Master en génie électrique et énergétique).@Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2IE), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.@No$Kabirou, H. D. M. (2018).@Étude de la construction d’une ligne haute tension catégorie a (20 kV) et la conception d’un réseau HTA/BT pour l’alimentation en énergie électrique de la cité Maourey.@Mémoire Master, 2iE, 93.@Yes$Alvarez-Hérault, M. C. (2009).@Architectures des réseaux de distribution du futur en présence de production décentralisée (Doctoral dissertation, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble-INPG).@@No$Moustapha A. (2011).@Projet d’alimentation électrique de la localité de Yaba: Construction d’une ligne d’interconnexion HTA 33kV and le réseau HTA/BTA de Yaba (Mémoire de Master en génie énergétique et énergie renouvelable).@Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2IE), Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso.@Yes$TEFEGUIM, V. S. (2014).@Etude de la construction d’une ligne électrique Haute Tension 90 KV PA-WONA.@Mémoire de Master en Génie Electrique et Energétique, Université du 2IE, Ouagadougou.@Yes$TUO K. (2020).@Etude électrique et mécanique d’une ligne électrique aérienne interurbaine HTB 90 kV KOSSODO-ZINIARE (Mémoire d’ingénieur avec grade Master en génie électrique et énergétique).@Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2IE), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.@No$Faiz, B. (2014).@Contribution au dimensionnement des lignes électriques de transport de l’électricité (Doctoral dissertation, Université Mouloud Mammeri).@undefined@Yes$Avril, C. (1974).@Construction des lignes aeriennes a haute tension: technique francaise d@Pref. de M. Favez. Editions Eyrolles.@Yes$N’diaye Modou (2000).@Problématique de la conception d’un nouveau type de poteau pour les réseaux d’électrification rurale au Sénégal(Mémoire d’ingénieur de conception en électromécanique).@Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Sénégal.@No$Enedis (2022).@Manuel utilisateur Camelia (version 4,5).@https://www.alpamayo.fr/images/uploads/camelia/Camelia-Calcul_v4.50_Manuel-Utilisateur.pdf.13 juin 2022.@No$Hatim A. et Salim R. (2015).@Etude de la téléconduite des OCR et de la DPS (Rapport de stage de fin d’étude en Licence des Sciences et Techniques, option : électronique, électrotechnique et automatique).@Université Hassan 1er,Maroc.@No
<#LINE#>Biodiesel production process simulation in Aspen HYSYS for a continuous tank stirred reactor design<#LINE#>A.O. @OPENIBO,R.O. @KUKU,A.A. @YUSSOUFF,N.A. @RAJI <#LINE#>20-28<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJEngS-2023-014.pdf<#LINE#>Mechanical Engineering Unit, Lagos State Ministry of Transportation, Lagos, Nigeria@Mechanical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria@Mechanical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria@Mechanical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria<#LINE#>30/11/2023<#LINE#>18/3/2024<#LINE#>Biodiesel is used as an alternative fuel to the petroleum fuel through transesterification process in a reactor. The understanding of the reaction involved in the transesterification process is important for the design of appropriate reactor for the process. Simulating such process is of primary importance to understanding the parameters that might be required for the design of the reactor. An Aspen-HYSYS simulation was used to determine the condition at which methanol and triglyceride react in a CSTR reactor for optimum yield of methyl ester and glycerol. The model was simulated with variation of parameters to optimize the process and to find an optimum solution. The stoichiometry coefficient used for the design in the ASPEN-HYSYS are -1 for Triglyceride, 2.570 for Methyl ester, 2.50 for Glycol and -3 for Methanol. The simulation was based on 60oC reactional temperature to avoid explosion as the boiling point of methanol is 64.7°C and 15 bar for a CSTR. The heat of reaction obtained from the design is −2.0×105𝐾𝐽/ 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒. A new design was inferred from the results data obtained.<#LINE#>Shay, E. G. (1993).@Diesel fuel from vegetable oils: status and opportunities.@Biomass and bioenergy, 4(4), 227-242.@Yes$Demirbas, A. (2009).@Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels.@Energy conversion and management, 50(1), 14-34.@Yes$Sayyed Siraj, R., Gitte, B. M., Joshi, S. D., & Dharmadhikari, H. M. (2013).@Characterization of biodiesel: a review.@Int J Eng Res Technol, 2(10).@Yes$Deshpande, A.G., Chavda, P., & Kadeval, H.N. (2016).@Production of Biodiesel Fuel from Waste Soya bean Cooking Oil by Alkali Trans-esterification Process.@Current World Environment, 11(1), 260-266.@Yes$Adewuyi, A. (2020).@Challenges and prospects of renewable energy in Nigeria: A case of bioethanol and biodiesel production.@Energy Reports, 6, 77-88.@Yes$Chineke, C. T. (2009).@Boosting electricity supply in Nigeria: wind energy to the rescue.@Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 10(2), 553-560.@Yes$Opayemi, A. P., Ibironke, A., & Alamu, O. J. (2011).@Production of Biodiesel with castor Oil Seed Using Transesterification Process.@In Science, Engineering and Technology Conference.@Yes$Holden, N. M., Wolfe, M. L., Ogejo, J. A., & Cummins, E. J. (2021).@Introduction to Biosystems Engineering. In Introduction to Biosystems Engineering (p. 0).@American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.@Yes$Topare, N. S., Chopade, S. G., Raut, S. J., Renge, V. C., Khedkar, S. V., & Bhagat, S. L. (2011).@Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil.@International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 9(4), 1607-1612.@Yes$Belgharza, M. & Kitane, S. & Khaoulani, Bouchta & Belghiti, M. (2016).@Optimization of   biodiesel production from waste poultry industry in Morocco.@8, 66-75.@No$Ohimain, E. I. (2013).@The challenge of liquid transportation fuels in Nigeria and the emergence of the Nigerian automotive biofuel programme.@Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5(16), 4058-4065.@Yes$Ohimain, E. I. (2013).@A review of the Nigerian biofuel policy and incentives (2007).@Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 22, 246-256.@Yes$Jin, M., Slininger, P. J., Dien, B. S., Waghmode, S., Moser, B. R., Orjuela, A., ... & Balan, V. (2015).@Microbial lipid-based lignocellulosic biorefinery: feasibility and challenges.@Trends in biotechnology, 33(1), 43-54.@Yes$Aninidita Karmakar, A. K., Subrata Karmakar, S. K., & Souti Mukherjee, S. M. (2010).@Properties of various plants and animals feedstocks for biodiesel production.@@Yes$Luque, R., & Melero, J. A. (Eds.). (2012).@Advances in biodiesel production: Processes and technologies.@Elsevier.@Yes$Salaheldeen, M., Mariod, A. A., Aroua, M. K., Rahman, S. A., Soudagar, M. E. M., & Fattah, I. R. (2021).@Current state and perspectives on transesterification of triglycerides for biodiesel production.@Catalysts, 11(9), 1121.@Yes$Dhar, B. R., & Kirtania, K. (2009).@Excess methanol recovery in biodiesel production process using a distillation column: a simulation study.@Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin, 13(2), 55-60.@Yes$de Oliveira Alvarães, A., Prata, D. M., & de Sousa Santos, L. (2019).@Simulation and optimization of a continuous biodiesel plant using nonlinear programming.@Energy, 189, 116305.@Yes$Chilev, C., & Simeonov, E. (2014). Simulation of biodiesel production by transesterification of vegetable oils. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 49(5), 479-486.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Floris, F., Pistis, A., Scano, A. & Tugulu, C. (2015).@Simulation of the gasification process of a characteristic forest biomass of northern Sardinia through the thermodynamic equilibrium analysis: the case study of the Pinus pinaster.@International Congress and Expo on Biofuels & Bioenergy. Valencia, Spain Volume 5@No$OPENIBO, A. O., ADEFUYE, O. A., KUKU, R. O., RAJI, N. A., & ADEGBUYI, P. A. O. (2023).@Design analysis and construction of a biodiesel processing plant.@Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 17(2), 141-153.@No