@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Soil organic carbon and carbon stock in community forests with varying altitude and slope aspect in Meghalaya, India<#LINE#>S.S. @Chaturvedi,Kitboklang @Sun <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-027.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Studies, North Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, India@Department of Environmental Studies, North Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, India<#LINE#>6/3/2018<#LINE#>6/7/2018<#LINE#>The contribution of forest ecosystems to the global climate change mitigation by storing carbon in the soil and their vegetation in nature is significant. Soil contain three times more carbon than that stored in the vegetation of an area.  Altitude is one of the important factors influencing various parameters of the soil including carbon stock. Present study was conducted to understand variation in the soil carbon and carbon stock with respect to altitude and aspect in community forests of three agro ecological regions of Khasi Hills, Meghalaya. The study concluded that, Central upland region with highest elevation has highest level of carbon stock (47.27±2.12t/ha), followed by the Northern undulating region (28.09 ±1.25t/ha) and lowest in the South Precipitous low elevation region (24.24±.60t/ha). The result leads to the conclusion that the areas with higher altitude has higher carbon stock  as compared to lower elevation areas which may be attributed to decreasing  temperature with increasing altitude which inhibits the decay rate of soil organic matter which in turn  induces higher carbon content in the soil. The study also record a strong positively relationship between altitude and other soil parameters like soil organic carbon, nitrogen and carbon stock. However it is negatively correlated with soil bulk density.<#LINE#>Lal R. (2004).@Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change.@Geoderma, 123(1&2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032@Yes$Schlesinger W.H. (1990).@Evidence from Chronosequence studies for a low carbon-storage potential of soils.@Nature, 348, 232-234. https://doi.org/10.1038/348232a0@Yes$Eswaran H., Van Den Berg E. and Reich P.F. (1993).@Organic carbon in soils of the world.@Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 57(1), 192-194. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj 1993.03615995005700010034x@Yes$Goidts E., van Wesemael B. and Crucifix M. (2009).@Magnitude and sources of uncertainties in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock assessments at various scales.@European Journal of Soil Science, 60(5), 723-739. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01157.x@Yes$Bhardwaj D.R., Sanneh A.A., Rajput B.S. and Kumar S. (2013).@Status of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Under Different Land Use Systems in Wet Temperate North Western Himalaya.@J tree Sci., 32(1&2), 14-22.@Yes$Bewket W. and Stroosnijder L. (2003).@Effects of agro-ecological land use succession on soil properties in Chemoga watershed, Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia.@Geoderma, 111(1&2), 85-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(02)00255-0@Yes$Genxu W., Haiyan M., Ju Q. and Juan C. (2004).@Impact of land use changes on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and water pollution in an arid region of northwest China.@Soil Use and Management, 20(1), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00334.x@Yes$Emiru N. And Gebrekidan H. (2013).@Effect of land use changes and soil depth on soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents of soils in Senbat watershed, Western Ethiopia.@ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 8(3), 206-212.@Yes$Sheikh M.A., Kumar M. And Bussmann R.W. (2009).@Altitudinal variation in soil organic carbon stock in coniferous subtropical and broadleaf temperate forests in Garhwal Himalaya.@Carbon Balance and Management, 4, 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-0680-4-6@Yes$Bhat J.A., Iqbal K., Kumar M., Negi A.K. and Todaria N.P. (2013).@Carbon stock of trees along an elevational gradient in temperate forests of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary.@Forest Science Practice, 15(2), 137-143. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1007/s11632-013-0210@Yes$Tynsong H., Tiwari B.K. and Lynser M.B. (2006).@Medicinal plants of Meghalaya, India.@Med Plant network News, 6(2), 7-10.@Yes$Maps of India (2018), Meghalaya Map. https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/meghalaya. Accessed on 21/03/2018@undefined@undefined@No$Forest and environment department, government of Meghalaya (2017), General Description of Meghalaya (http://www.megforest.gov.in/megfor_gdesc_meg.htm). Retrieved on 17/7/2017@undefined@undefined@No$Dasgupta J. and Syiemlieh H.J. (2006).@Trends in tenure arrangements for forest and their implications for sustainable forest management: the need for a more unified regime.@People and forests. FAO participatory forestry publications. 23. Available online: http://www. treesforlife. info/fao/Docs/P/J8167e/j8167e04. pdf. Retrieved, 21/03/2018.@Yes$Anderson J.M. and Ingram J.S.I. (1993).@Tropical soil biology and fertility: a handbook of methods (2ndedn).@CAB International, Wallingford, UK., 1-221. ISBN: 0-85198-821-0@Yes$Jackson M.L. (2016).@Soil chemical analysis.@Scientific Publishers, India, New Delhi, 1-498. ISBN 13: 9789383692354@No$Maiti S.K. (2003).@Handbook of Methods in Environmental Studies.@Air, Noise, Soil and Overburden Analysis, ABD Publishers, New Delhi, Jaipur, 2, 1-250, ISBN: 973-93-80179-82-2@Yes$Pearson T.R., Brown S.L. and Birdsey R.A. (2007).@Measurement guidelines for the sequestration of forest carbon.@General technical report NRS-18. United State Department of Agriculture forest Service. Available online at: http://ipclimatechange.trg-learning.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Measurement-guidelines-for-the-sequestration-of-forest-carbon.pdf. Retrieved on 21/03/2018@Yes$Ali S., Hayat R., Begum F., Hussain A., Hasan N.  and Hameed A. (2014).@Altitudinal distribution of soil organic carbon stock and its relation to aspect and vegetation in the mountainous forest of Bagrot Valley, North Karakoram, Gilgit-Baltistan.@J. Bio. & Env. Sci., 5(1), 199-213.@Yes$Chhabra A., Palria S. and Dadhwal V.K. (2003).@Soil Organic Carbon Pool in Indian Forests.@Forest Ecology and Management, 173(1-3), 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00016-6@Yes$Six J., Feller C., Denef K., Ogle S.M., de Moraes J.C. and Albrecht A. (2002).@Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils- effects of no-tillage.@Agronomie, 22(7-8), 755-775. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2002043@Yes$Kidanemariam A., Gebrekidan H., Mamo T. and Kibret K. (2012).@Impact of Altitude and Land Use Type on Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Acidic Soils in Tsegede Highlands, Northern Ethiopia.@Open Journal of Soil Science, 2(3), 223-233. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2012.23027@Yes$Cole V.C., Paustian K., Elliott E.T., Metherell A.K., Ojima D.S. and Parton W.J. (1993).@Analysis of Agroecosystem Carbon Pools.@Water Air and Soil Pollution, 70(1-4), 357-371. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01105007@Yes$Kumar S., Kumar M. and Sheikh M.A. (2010).@Effect of Altitudes on Soil and Vegetation Characterstics of Pinusroxburghii Forest in Garhwal Himalaya.@Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 1(2), 130-133. ISSN: 0976-7614.@Yes$He X., Hou E., Liu Y. and Wen D. (2016).@Altitudinal patterns and controls of plant and soil nutrient concentrations and stoichiometry in subtropical China.@Scientific report, 6, 24261. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep24261@Yes$Mooshammer M., Wanek W., Zechmeister-Boltenstern S. and Richter A. (2014).@Stoichiometric Imbalances Between Terrestrial Decomposer Communities and their Resources: Mechanisms and Implications of Microbial Adaptations to their Resources.@Frontiers in Microbiology, 5, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00022@Yes$Dorji T., Odeh I.O.A. and Field D.J. (2014).@Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon Density in Relation to Land Use/Cover, Altitude and Slope Aspect in the Eastern Himalayas.@Land, 3, 1232-1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/land3041232@Yes$Bhat Z.A., Padder S.A., Ganaie A.Q., Dar N.A., Rehman H.U. and Wani M.Y. (2017).@Correlation of available nutrients with physicochemical properties and nutrient content of grape orchards of Kashmir.@Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(2), 181-185.@Yes$Wang S., Huang M., Shao X., Mickler R.A., Li K. and Ji J. (2004).@Vertical distribution of soil organic carbon in China.@Environmental Management, 33(Suppl1), S200-S209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9130-5@Yes$Sakin E., Deliboran A., Sakin E.D. and Tutar E. (2010).@Carbon Stocks in Harran Plain Soils, Sanliurfa, Turkey.@Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38(3), 151-156. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha3834888.@Yes
<#LINE#>Contamination profile of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) residues in water, sediments and fish tissues of the Thamirabarani river system, South India<#LINE#>U. @Arisekar,Robinson Jeya @Shakila,Geevaretnam @Jeyasekaran,R. @Shalini,S. @Sundhar <#LINE#>7-15<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-038.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India<#LINE#>10/4/2018<#LINE#>8/7/2018<#LINE#>This study was undertaken to examine the extent of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) contamination in water, sediments and fish samples collected from the five sampling sites of Thamirabarani river viz. Manimuthar (site 1), Tirunelveli (site 2), Srivaikuntam (site 3), Authoor (site 4) and Punnakayal (site 5) following the standard protocol EPA 525.5 and AOAC 2007.01 QuEChERS using GC-MS. The concentration of OPPs in surface waters ranged from 0.01 to 13.74µg l-1; sediments from 0.81 to 19.05µg kg-1; and muscle of catla, rohu and tilapia from 0.01 to 1.89µg kg-1.Disulfoton, methyl parathion, phorate and parathion were the predominant OPPs found in Thamirabarani river system. Disulfoton (2.41µg l-1) and phorate (1.69µg l-1) were detected nearly the MRLs of 3µg l-1 and 2µg l-1, respectively in the water at site 4 is a concern of safety. The levels of OPP residues found in the muscles were below the maximum residual limits set by Joint committee on Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization. A positive correlation existed between fat content and OPPs levels in fish muscle tissues. The results indicated that OPPs contamination is not prevalent in the Thamirabarani river basin, phorate and disulfoton levels need to be tested routinely to have a check on threshold levels. Accumulation of OPPs in sediments was relatively high and in accordance with the organic matter, except site 5, which have saline alkaline soil.<#LINE#>Leena S., Choudhary S.K. and Singh P.K. (2012).@Pesticide concentration in water and sediment of River Ganga at selected sites in middle Ganga plain.@International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3, 260.@Yes$Maurya P.K. and Malik D.S. (2016).@Accumulation and distribution of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in water, sediments and fishes, Heteropneustis fossilis and Puntius ticto from Kali River, India.@Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 8(5), 30-40.@Yes$Kumarasamy P., Govindaraj S., Vignesh S., Rajendran R.B. and James R.A. (2012).@Anthropogenic nexus on organochlorine pesticide pollution: A case study with Tamiraparani river basin, South India.@Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(6), 3861-3873.@Yes$Jeyakumar T., Kalaiarasi I., Rajavel A. and Anbu M. (2014).@Levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediment from selected agricultural sectors of Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India.@International Journal of Environmental Research, 8(2), 493-500.@Yes$Bhadouria B.S., Mathur V.B. and Kaul R. (2012).@Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in and around Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India.@Environmental monitoring and assessment, 184(9), 5295-5300.@Yes$Zhao Z., Zhang L., Wu J. and Fan C. (2009).@Distribution and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in surface sediments and benthic organisms from Taihu Lake, China.@Chemosphere, 77(9), 1191-1198.@Yes$Miglioranza K.S.B., de Moreno J.A., Moreno V.J., Osterrieth M.L. and Escalante A.H. (1999).@Fate of organochlorine pesticides in soils and terrestrial biota of “Los Padres” pond watershed, Argentina.@Environmental pollution, 105(1), 91-99.@Yes$Aktar M.W., Paramasivam M., Sengupta D., Purkait S., Ganguly M. and Banerjee S. (2009).@Impact assessment of pesticide residues in fish of Ganga river around Kolkata in West Bengal.@Environmental monitoring and assessment, 157(1-4), 97-104.@Yes$Kaushik A., Sharma H.R., Jain S., Dawra J. and Kaushik C. P. (2010).@Pesticide pollution of river Ghaggar in Haryana, India.@Environmental monitoring and assessment, 160(1-4), 61-69.@Yes$Shi L.L., Shan Z.J., Kong D.Y. and Cai D.J. (2006).@The health and ecological impacts of organochlorine pesticide pollution in China: Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in human and fish fats.@Human and ecological risk assessment, 12(2), 402-407.@Yes$Mahboob S., Niazi F., AlGhanim K., Sultana S., Al-Misned F. and Ahmed Z. (2015).@Health risks associated with pesticide residues in water, sediments and the muscle tissues of Catla catla at Head Balloki on the River Ravi.@Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187, 81.@Yes$EFSA (2005).@European Food Safety Authority.@Parma, Italy.@No$Yahia D. and Elsharkawy E.E. (2014).@Multi pesticide and PCB residues in Nile tilapia and catfish in Assiut city, Egypt.@Science of the Total Environment, 466, 306-314.@Yes$James R.A., Purvaja R. and Ramesh R. (2015).@Environmental Integrity of the Tamiraparani River Basin, South India.@In Environmental Management of River Basin Ecosystem, Springer, 507-523.@Yes$Ramesh A., Tanabe S., Murase H., Subramanian A.N. and Tatsukawa R. (1991).@Distribution and behaviour of persistent organochlorine insecticides in paddy soil and sediments in the tropical environment: a case study in South India.@Environmental Pollution, 74(4), 293-307.@Yes$Rajendran R.B. and Subramanian A. (1997).@Pesticide residues in water from river Kaveri, South India.@Chemistry and Ecology, 13(4), 223-236.@Yes$Rajendran R.B. and Subramanian A.N. (1999).@Chlorinated pesticide residues in surface sediments from the River Kaveri, South India.@Journal of Environmental Science & Health Part B, 34(2), 269-288.@Yes$Tamil Nadu Agriculture University (2009).@Department of Agriculture- Policy notes.@Chennai, Tamil Nadu.@No$EPA (1995).@Method 525.2: Determination of organic compounds in drinking water by liquid-solid extraction and capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.@Revision 2.0.@No$AOAC Official Method 2007.01. (2007).@Pesticide Residues in Foods by Acetonitrile Extraction and Partitioning with Magnesium Sulfate.@Washington, DC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists.@Yes$Anastassiades M., Maštovská K. and Lehotay S.J. (2003).@Evaluation of analyte protectants to improve gas chromatographic analysis of pesticides.@Journal of Chromatography A, 1015, 163-184.@Yes$AOAC (1995).@Official Methods 920.39 of crude fat analysis.@Washington, DC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Inc.@No$World Health Organization (2003).@Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality.@III edition, 1, Recommendation, Geneva: WHO@No$National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) (2003).@Clinical practice guidelines for the management of overweight and obesity in adults.@National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra, Australia.@Yes$Zhang Z., Hong H., Zhou J.L., Yu G., Chen W. and Wang X. (2002).@Transport and fate of organochlorine pesticides in the River Wuchuan, Southeast China.@Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 4(3), 435-441.@Yes$Solomon A. (2016).@Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Water and Sediment Samples from Selected Areas of River Ilaje, Nigeria.@Amer. Chem. Sci. J, 11(2), 1-6.@Yes$CEHD (2003).@Canadian Environmental Health Directorate.@Ottawa, Canada@No$Enbaia S., Elsaweth N., Abujnah Y., Greiby I., Hakam A., Alzanad A., Benzitoun A., Omar A.A. and Amra H.A. (2015).@Occurrence of Organophosphorous Pesticide Residues in some Fish Species Collected from Local Market in Tripoli, Libya.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol.App. Sci, 4(1), 925-937.@Yes$Report (2007).@Directorate of Economics and Statistics.@Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.@No$McIntyre J.K. and Beauchamp D.A. (2007).@Age and trophic position dominate bioaccumulation of mercury and organochlorines in the food web of Lake Washington.@Science of the Total Environment, 372(2-3), 571-584.@Yes$Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Meeting and World Health Organization (2013).@Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: seventy-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.@World Health Organization, 77.@Yes$Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) 39th Session (2016).@Maximum residual limits for Pesticides.@Rome, Italy.@No$Pazou E.Y.A., Lalèyè P., Boko M., Van Gestel C.A., Ahissou H., Akpona S. and Van Straalen N.M. (2006).@Contamination of fish by organochlorine pesticide residues in the Ouémé River catchment in the Republic of Bénin.@Environment international, 32(5), 594-599.@Yes$Eqani S.A.M.A.S., Malik R.N., Cincinelli A., Zhang G., Mohammad A., Qadir A. and Katsoyiannis A. (2013).@Uptake of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by river water fish: the case of River Chenab.@Science of the Total Environment, 450, 83-91.@Yes$Campbell L.M., Schindler D.W., Muir D.C., Donald D.B. and Kidd K.A. (2000).@Organochlorine transfer in the food web of subalpine Bow Lake, Banff National Park.@Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 57(6), 1258-1269.@Yes$Fisk A.T., Hobson K.A. and Norstrom R.J. (2001).@Influence of chemical and biological factors on trophic transfer of persistent organic pollutants in the Northwater Polynya marine food web.@Environmental Science & Technology, 35(4), 732-738.@Yes$Pastor D., Sanpera C., González-Sol&#305;s J., Ruiz X. and Albaigés J. (2004).@Factors affecting the organochlorine pollutant load in biota of a rice field ecosystem (Ebro Delta, NE Spain).@Chemosphere, 55(4), 567-576.@Yes$Feo M.L., Ginebreda A., Eljarrat E. and Barceló D. (2010).@Presence of pyrethroid pesticides in water and sediments of Ebro River Delta.@Journal of Hydrology, 393(3-4), 156-162.@Yes
<#LINE#>Assessment of polyethylene degradation by Aspergillus niger using submerged cultivation and soil burial method<#LINE#>Ingavale @R.R.,Patil @C.K.,Raut @P.D. <#LINE#>16-22<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-041.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India@Department of Environmental Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India@Department of Environmental Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India<#LINE#>21/4/2018<#LINE#>7/7/2018<#LINE#>Polyethylene (PE) has occupied a vital role in human life but the real problem has emerged due to post-use of plastic. Waste plastic lays enormous burden on the environment, because their recalcitrance to degradation accelerates its accumulation in nature. In the present study, the feasibility of a fungus, Aspergillus niger for active degradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) was examined by submerged cultivation and soil burial method. Test flasks were subjected for incubation on a rotary shaker at laboratory condition for 30 days where PE was only carbon source. PE degradation was confirmed by 3.97% weight loss in submerged cultivation method and 1.89% in soil burial method. Major change in functional group or formation of side chain was not observed on FTIR Spectroscopy analysis but the reduction in percentage transmittance after 60 days on incubation with fungus Aspergillus niger reveals the microbial activity on PE and thus confirms the degradation of PE. Hence, Aspergillus niger proves more efficient in submerged cultivation method rather than soil burial method.<#LINE#>Report (2001).@Statistics of Foreign Trade of India.@DGFT, GoI.@No$Ghosh S.K., Pal S. and Ray S. (2013).@Study of microbes having potentiality for biodegradation of plastics.@Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20, 4339-4355.@Yes$Kumari K., Aanad R.C. and Narula N. (2009).@Microbial degradation of Polyethylene (PE).@The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 27, 66-70.@Yes$Hadad D., Geresh S. and Sivan A. (2005).@Biodegradation of polyethylene by the thermophilic bacterium Brevibacillus brostelensis.@Appl. Microbio., 98(5), 1093-1100.@Yes$Shah A.A., Hasan F., Hameed A. and Akhter J. (2009).@Isolation of Fusarium sp AF4 from sewage sludge, with the ability to adhere the surface of polyethylene.@African Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(10), 658-663.@Yes$Premraj R. and Doble M. (2005).@Biodegradation of polymers.@IJBT, 4(2), 186-193.@Yes$Albertsson A.C., Andersson S. and Karlsson S. (1987).@The mechanisms of biodegradation of polyethylene.@Polym. Degrad Stab., 18(1), 73-87.@Yes$Pramila R. and Vijaya R.K. (2011).@Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by fungi isolated from marine water- a SEM analysis.@African J. of Microbio. Res., 5(28), 5013-5018.@Yes$Alshehrei F. (2017).@Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene by Fungi Isolated from Red Sea Water.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 6(8), 1703-1709.@Yes$Ojha N., Pradhan N., Singh S., Barla A., Shrivastava A., Khatua P., Rai V. and Bose S. (2017).@Evaluation of HDPE and LDPE degradation by fungus, implemented by statistical optimization.@Scientific Reports, 39515, 7, 1-13.@Yes$Raaman N., Rajitha N., Jayshree A. and Jegadeesh R. (2012).@Biodegradation of plastic by Aspergillus spp. isolated from polythene polluted sites around Chennai.@J. Acad. Indus. Res., 1(6), 313-316.@Yes$Esmaeili A., Pourbabaee A. A., Alikhani H. A., Shabani F. and Esmaeili E. (2013).@Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by mixed culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in soil.@PLoS ONE, 8(9), e71720.@Yes$Albertsson A.C. and Karlsson S. (1990).@The influence of biotic and abiotic environments on the degradation of polyethylene.@Progress in Polymer Science, 15, 177-192.@Yes$Ohtake Y., Kobayashi T., Murakami N. and Ono K. (1998).@Oxidative degradation and molecular weight change of LDPE buried under bioactive soil for 32-37 years.@Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 70, 1643-1648.@Yes$Bonhomme S., Cuer A., Delort A.M., Lemaire J., Sancelme M. and Scott G. (2003).@Environmental biodegradation of polyethylene.@Polymer Degradation and Stability, 81(3), 441-452.@Yes$Kathiresan K. (2003).@Polythene and plastics-degrading microbes from the mangrove soil.@Revista de Biological Tropical, 51(3-4), 629-633.@Yes$Orhan Y., Hrenovic J. and Buyukgungor H. (2004).@Biodegradation of plastic compost bags under controlled soil conditions.@Acta Chimica Slovenica, 51(3), 579-588.@Yes$Reddy R.M. (2008).@Impact of soil composting using municipal solid waste on biodegradation of plastics.@Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 235-239.@Yes$Das M.P. and Kumar S. (2015).@An approach to low-density polyethylene biodegradation by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.@Biotech, 5, 81-86.@Yes$Report (2001).@Statistics of Foreign Trade of India.@DGFT, GoI.@Yes$Ghosh S.K., Pal S. and Ray S. (2013).@Study of microbes having potentiality for biodegradation of plastics.@Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20, 4339-4355.@Yes$Kumari K., Aanad R.C. and Narula N. (2009).@Microbial degradation of Polyethylene (PE).@The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 27, 66-70.@Yes$Hadad D., Geresh S. and Sivan A. (2005).@Biodegradation of polyethylene by the thermophilic bacterium Brevibacillus brostelensis.@Appl. Microbio., 98(5), 1093-1100.@Yes$Shah A.A., Hasan F., Hameed A. and Akhter J. (2009).@Isolation of Fusarium sp AF4 from sewage sludge, with the ability to adhere the surface of polyethylene.@African Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(10), 658-663.@Yes$Premraj R. and Doble M. (2005).@Biodegradation of polymers.@IJBT, 4(2), 186-193.@Yes$Albertsson A.C., Andersson S. and Karlsson S. (1987).@The mechanisms of biodegradation of polyethylene.@Polym. Degrad Stab., 18(1), 73-87.@Yes$Pramila R. and Vijaya R.K. (2011).@Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by fungi isolated from marine water- a SEM analysis.@African J. of Microbio. Res., 5(28), 5013-5018.@Yes$Alshehrei F. (2017).@Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene by Fungi Isolated from Red Sea Water.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 6(8), 1703-1709.@Yes$Ojha N., Pradhan N., Singh S., Barla A., Shrivastava A., Khatua P., Rai V. and Bose S. (2017).@Evaluation of HDPE and LDPE degradation by fungus, implemented by statistical optimization.@Scientific Reports, 39515, 7, 1-13.@Yes$Raaman N., Rajitha N., Jayshree A. and Jegadeesh R. (2012).@Biodegradation of plastic by Aspergillus spp. isolated from polythene polluted sites around Chennai.@J. Acad. Indus. Res., 1(6), 313-316.@Yes$Esmaeili A., Pourbabaee A. A., Alikhani H. A., Shabani F. and Esmaeili E. (2013).@Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by mixed culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in soil.@PLoS ONE, 8(9), e71720.@Yes$Albertsson A.C. and Karlsson S. (1990).@The influence of biotic and abiotic environments on the degradation of polyethylene.@Progress in Polymer Science, 15, 177-192.@Yes$Ohtake Y., Kobayashi T., Murakami N. and Ono K. (1998).@Oxidative degradation and molecular weight change of LDPE buried under bioactive soil for 32-37 years.@Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 70, 1643-1648.@Yes$Bonhomme S., Cuer A., Delort A.M., Lemaire J., Sancelme M. and Scott G. (2003).@Environmental biodegradation of polyethylene.@Polymer Degradation and Stability, 81(3), 441-452.@Yes$Kathiresan K. (2003).@Polythene and plastics-degrading microbes from the mangrove soil.@Revista de Biological Tropical, 51(3-4), 629-633.@Yes$Orhan Y., Hrenovic J. and Buyukgungor H. (2004).@Biodegradation of plastic compost bags under controlled soil conditions.@Acta Chimica Slovenica, 51(3), 579-588.@Yes$Reddy R.M. (2008).@Impact of soil composting using municipal solid waste on biodegradation of plastics.@Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 235-239.@Yes$Das M.P. and Kumar S. (2015).@An approach to low-density polyethylene biodegradation by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.@Biotech, 5, 81-86.@Yes$Chonde Sonal G., Chonde Sachin G. and Raut P.D. (2013).@Studies on degradation of synthetic polymer Nylon 6 and Nylon 6, 6 by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIM 2242.@IJETCAS, 4, 362-369.@Yes$Chonde S.G., Chonde S.G., Bhosale P.R., Nakade D.B. and Raut P.D. (2012).@Studies on degradation of synthetic polymer Nylon 6 by fungus Trametes versicolor NCIM 1086.@International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2(4), 2435-2442.@Yes$Otake Y., Kobayashi T., Ashabe H., Murakami N. and Ono K. (1995).@Biodegradation of low density polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl-chloride, and urea-Formaldehyde resin buried under soil for over 32 years.@Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 56(13), 1789-1796.@Yes$Sudhakar M., Doble M., Murthy P.S. and Venkatesan R. (2008).@Marine microbe-mediated biodegradation of low-and high-density polyethylenes.@International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 61(3), 203-213.@Yes$Soni R., Kapri A., Zaidi M.G.H. and Goel R. (2009).@Comparative biodegradation studies of non-poronized and poronized LDPE using indigenous microbial consortium.@Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 17(4), 233.@Yes$Gulmine J.V., Janissek P.R., Heise H.M. and Akcelrud L. (2002).@Polyethylene characterization by FTIR.@Polymer Testing, 21(5), 557-563.@Yes$Krimm S., Liang C.Y. and Sutherland G.B.B.M. (1956).@Infrared Spectra of High Polymers, II. Polyethylene.@The Journal of Chemical Physics, 25(3), 549-562.Chonde Sonal G., Chonde Sachin G. and Raut P.D. (2013).@Yes$Chonde S.G., Chonde S.G., Bhosale P.R., Nakade D.B. and Raut P.D. (2012).@Studies on degradation of synthetic polymer Nylon 6 by fungus Trametes versicolor NCIM 1086.@International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2(4), 2435-2442.@Yes$Otake Y., Kobayashi T., Ashabe H., Murakami N. and Ono K. (1995).@Biodegradation of low density polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl-chloride, and urea-Formaldehyde resin buried under soil for over 32 years.@Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 56(13), 1789-1796.@Yes$Sudhakar M., Doble M., Murthy P.S. and Venkatesan R. (2008).@Marine microbe-mediated biodegradation of low-and high-density polyethylenes.@International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 61(3), 203-213.@Yes$Soni R., Kapri A., Zaidi M.G.H. and Goel R. (2009).@Comparative biodegradation studies of non-poronized and poronized LDPE using indigenous microbial consortium.@Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 17(4), 233.@Yes$Gulmine J.V., Janissek P.R., Heise H.M. and Akcelrud L. (2002).@Polyethylene characterization by FTIR.@Polymer Testing, 21(5), 557-563.@Yes$Krimm S., Liang C.Y. and Sutherland G.B.B.M. (1956).@Infrared Spectra of High Polymers, II. Polyethylene.@The Journal of Chemical Physics, 25(3), 549-562.@Yes
<#LINE#>Aboveground biomass production of Melocanna baccifera and Bambusa tulda in a sub-tropical bamboo forest in Lengpui, North-East India<#LINE#>Angom Sarjubala @Devi,Kshetrimayum Suresh @Singh,H. @Lalramnghinglova <#LINE#>23-28<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-045.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Post Box 190, Aizawl, India@Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Post Box 190, Aizawl, India@Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Post Box 190, Aizawl, India<#LINE#>1/5/2018<#LINE#>10/7/2018<#LINE#>Bamboo forests contributes about half of the total forest cover (49.1%) of Mizoram- one of the eight states of North-East India. Melocanna baccifera (Mb) and Bambusa tulda (Bt) are the two most common bamboo species found here. In the present study it was found that culm age structure was preponderant towards older culm age class than younger age class in both types of stand. The total aboveground biomass of Mb was 106.68Mg/ha and Bt was 97.00Mg/ha. Leaf biomass was higher than branch biomass in both species. Culm component have higher carbon storage in both species and least carbon storage was observed in branch component in Mb and leaf component in Bt. Soil organic C was more (2.40%) in Mb stand than Bt stand (1.96%).<#LINE#>Jha L.K. (2010).@Bamboo based agroforestry systems to reclaim degraded hilly tracts (jhum) land in northeastern India: study on uses, species diversity, distribution and growth performance of Melocanna baccifera, Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, D. longispathus and Bambusa tulda in natural stands and in stands managed on a sustainable basis.@Bamboo science and culture, The journal of the American Bamboo Society, 23(1), 1-28.@Yes$Jha L.K. (2003).@Community forest management in Mizoram: As part of the environmental law capacity building project.@Technical report, SFES, MZU.@No$Tripathi S.K. and Singh K.P. (1996).@Culm recruitment, dry matter dynamics and carbon flux in recently harvested and mature bamboo savannas in the Indian dry tropic.@Ecological Research, 11(2), 149-164.@Yes$Isagi Y., Kawahara T., Kamo K. and Lto H. (1997).@Net production and carbon cycling in a bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens stand.@Plant Ecology, 130(1), 41-52.@Yes$Kumar B.M., Rajesh G. and Sudheesh K.G. (2005).@Aboveground biomass production and nutrient uptake of thorny bamboo [Bambusa bambos(L) voss] in the home garden of Thrissur, Kerala.@Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 43(1-2), 51-56.@Yes$Nath A.J., Das G. and Das A.K. (2009).@Aboveground standing biomass and carbon storage in village bamboos in North East India.@Biomass and Bioenergy, 33(9), 1188-1196.@Yes$Yen T.M., Ji Y.J. and Lee J.S. (2010).@Estimating biomass production and carbon storage for a fast growing makino bamboo (Phyllostachysmakinoi) plant based on the diameter distribution model.@Forest Ecology and Management, 260(3), 339-344.@Yes$Quiroga R.A.R., Li T., Lora G. and Andersen L. (2013).@A measurement of the carbon sequestration potential of Guaduaangustifolia in the Carrasco national Park, Bolivia.@Development Research Working Paper Series No. 04/2013.@Yes$Moore P.D. and Chapman S.B. (1986).@Chemical analysis.@Methods in Plant Ecology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 589.@Yes$Embaye K., Weih M., Ledin S. and Christersson L. (2005).@Biomass and nutrient distribution in a highland bamboo forest in southwest Ethiopia: implications for management.@Forest Ecology and Management, 204(2-3), 159-169.@Yes$Yuming Y., Chaomao H., Jiarong X. and Fan D. (2001).@Techniques of cultivation and integrated developemrnt of sympodial bamboo species.@In Zhaohua Z (ed.). Sustainable development of bamboo and rattan sectors in tropical China. PR China: China Forester Publishing House, 48-66.@Yes$Shanmughavel P. and Francis K. (1996).@Aboveground biomass production and nutrient distribution in growing bamboo (Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss).@Biomass and Bioenergy, 10(5-6), 383-391.@Yes$Singh A.N. and Singh J.S. (1999).@Biomass, net primary production and impact of bamboo plantation on soil redevelopment in a dry tropical region.@Forest Ecology and Management, 119(1-3), 195-207.@Yes$Wang B., Wei W.J., Liu C.J., You W.Z., Niu X. and Man R.Z. (2013).@Biomass and carbon stock in moso bamboo forests in subtropical China: Characteristics and implications.@Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 25(1), 137-148.@Yes$Taylor A.H. and Zisheng Q. (1987).@Culm dynamics and dry matter production of bamboos in the Wolong and Tangjiahe Giant Panda Reserve, Sichuan, China.@Journal of Applied Ecology, 24(2), 419-433.@Yes$Isagi Y. (1994).@Carbon stock and cycling in bamboo Phyllostachys bambusoides stand.@Ecological Research, 9(1), 47-55.@Yes$Castaneda-Mendoza A., Vargas-Hernandez J., Gomez-Guerrero A., Valdez-Hernandez J.I. and Vaquera-Huerta H. (2005).@Carbon accumulation in the aboveground biomass of Bambusa oldhamii plantation.@Agrociencia, 39(1), 107-116.@Yes$Singh P., Dubey P. and Jha K.K. (2006).@Biomass production and carbon storage at harvest in superior Dendrocalamusstrictus Nees plantation in dry deciduous forest region of India.@Indian Forester, 29(4) 353-360.@Yes$Bundestag G. (1990).@Protecting the tropical forests: a high priority international task Bonn.@Bonner Universitats-Bruchdruckerei, 968.@Yes$Bolin B., Doos B.R., Jager J. and Warrick R. (1986).@The greenhouse effect, climate change and ecosystems.@SCOPE 29, Chichester, Wiley.@Yes
<#LINE#>Seasonal variation in the physico-chemical variables of Western Himalayan Sacred Lake Prashar, Himachal Pradesh, India<#LINE#>Rama @Kumari,Ramesh C. @Sharma <#LINE#>29-36<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-035.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Post Box-67, Srinagar-Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India@Dept. of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Post Box-67, Srinagar-Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India<#LINE#>27/3/2018<#LINE#>7/7/2018<#LINE#>A study was conducted to evaluate the 12 physico- chemicals variables of Prashar lake. The sample were collected from three different sampling sites (S1, S2, and S3) for the periods of two years. The variables included water temperature, pH, conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Hardness, Chlorides, Nitrates, Phosphates were analyzed by following standard methods. Five seasons were covered during the study which includes winter (November- February), spring (March-April), summer (May-June), monsoon (July-August) and autumn (September-October). Dissolved Oxygen and pH observed maximum during the winter season, where as conductivity, TDS and BOD were observed maximum during summer season. Nitrates and Phosphates observed maximum during monsoon season.<#LINE#>Bhateria R. and Jain D. (2016).@Water quality assessment of lake water: a review.@Sustain Water Resour. Manag., 2(2), 161-173.@Yes$Mosello R., Lami A., Marchetto A., Rogora M., Wathne B., Lien L., Catalan J., Camarero L., Ventura M., Psenner R., Koinig K., Thies H., Sommaruga-Wögrath S., Nickus U., Tait D., Thaler B., Barbieri A. and Harriman R. (2002).@Trends in the water chemistry of high altitude lakes in Europe.@Water, Air and soil pollut. Focus, 2, 75-89.@Yes$Karakoc G., Erkoc F.U. and Katircioglu H. (2003).@Water quality and Impacts of Pollution Sources for Eymir and Mogan Lakes (Turkey).@Environment International, 29(1), 21-27.@Yes$Muvanga and Barifaijo (2006).@Impact of industrial activites on heavy metals and physico-chemical effects on wetlands of Lake Victoris basin (Uganda).@Afric. Jour. Sci. and Tec., 7(1), 51-63.@No$Hameed A.M., Alboidy M.J., Abid S.H. and Maulood K.B. (2010).@Application of water quality index for assessment of Dokan lake ecosystem, Kurdistan region, Iraq.@J. Water Resour Prot., 2, 792-798.@Yes$Prasanna M.V., Chidambaram S., Gireesh T.V. and Ali J.V.T. (2012).@A study on hydrochemical characteristics of surface and sub-surface water in and around Perumal Lake, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, South India.@Environ Earth Sci., 63, 31-47.@Yes$Vandeberg G.S., Dixon C.S., Vose B. and Fisher M.R. (2015).@Spatial assessment of water quality in the vicinity of Lake Alice National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota.@Environ Monit Assess., 187, 40.@Yes$French M., Alem N., Edwards S.J., Coariti E.B., Cauthin H., Hudson-Edwards K.A. and Miranda O.S. (2017).@Community Exposure and Vulnerability to Water Quality and Availability: A Case Study in the Mining-Affected Pazña Municipality, Lake Poopó Basin, Bolivian Altiplano.@Environmental Management, 60(4), 555-573.@Yes$Sedamkar E. and Angadi S.B. (2003).@Physico-chemical parameters of two fresh waterbodies of gulbarga-India, with special reference to phytoplankton.@Pollution research, 22(3), 411-422.@Yes$Devaraju T.M., Venkatesha M.G. and Singh S. (2005).@Studies on physicochemical parameters of Muddur lake with reference to suitability for aquaculture.@Nat. Environ. Poll. Tech., 4(2), 287-290.@Yes$Ambastha K., Hussain S.A. and Badola R. (2007).@Social and economic considerations in conserving wetlands of indo-genetic plains: A case study of Kabartal wetland, India.@Environmentalist, 27, 261-273.@Yes$Singh J., Upadhyay S.K., Pathak R.K. and Gupta V. (2011).@Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and paddy crop (Oryza sativa), irrigated with water of Ramgarh Lake, Gorakhpur, U.P., India.@Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 93(3), 462-473.@Yes$Chardhry P., Sharma M.P., Bhargava R., Kumar S. and Dadhwal P.J.S. (2013).@Water quality assessment of Sukhna Lake of Chandigarh city of India.@Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment, 12, 26-31.@Yes$Singh S.K. and Mannan S. (2017).@Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Water Quality Parameters of a Himalayan Lake (Dal Lake) by Multivariate Statistical Analysis.@Int. J. Adv. Res., 5(1), 135-147.@Yes$Babu Y.S. and Mohan M.R. (2018).@A Study on Physico- Chemical Parameters of Errarajan Lake of Bangalore Rural.@International journal of Science Research, 7(2), 401-402.@Yes$Das B.K. and Kaur P. (2001).@Major ion chemistry of Renuka Lake and weathering processes, Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India.@Environmental Geology, 40(7), 908-917.@Yes$Das B.K. and Dhiman S.C. (2003).@Water and sediment chemistry of Higher Himalayan lakes in the Spiti Valley: control on weathering, provenance and tectonic setting of the basin.@Environ. Geol., 44(6), 717-730.@Yes$Kumar A., Rawat S., Shrivastava M. and Bhushan V. (2012).@Physico-Chemical Analysis and Isolation of Bacteria from Water Samples of Maharana Pratap Sagar, Kangra District of Himachal Pradesh.@Journal of Applied sciences in Environmental sanitation, 7(3), 161-166.@Yes$Sharma V. and Walia Y.K. (2015).@Water Quality Assessment Using Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals of Gobind Sagar Lake, Himachal Pradesh (India).@Current world environment, 10(3), 967-974.@Yes$Sharma I., Dhanze R. and Rana P. (2017).@Studied the physico-chemical parameters of lentic water bodies from Mid- Himalayan region (H.P.), India.@International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5(2), 674-678.@Yes$Gaury P.K., Meena N.K. and Mahajan A.K. (2018).@Hydrochemistry and water quality of Rewalsar Lake of Lesser Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India.@Environ Monit Assess., 190, 84.@Yes$Kumar K.V., Rai S.P. and Sinagh O. (2006).@Water Quantity and Quality of Mansar Lake Located in the Himalayan Foothills, India.@Lake and Reservoir Management, 22(3), 191-198.@Yes$Sharma R.C. and Kumari R. (2018).@Traditional medicinal Plants and belifs system of sacred lake Prashar, Himachal Pradesh, India.@International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(3), 46-51.@No$Wetzel R.G. and Likens G.E. (1991).@Limnological Analyses.@Second ed. Springer, New York, 1-175.@Yes$APHA (1998).@Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water.@American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 1-1368.@Yes$Spellman F.R. and Drinan J.E. (2012).@The drinking water handbook.@2nd edn, ISBN: 978-1-4398-6690.@Yes$Mishra S.P. and Saksena D.N. (1993).@Planktonic fauna in relation to physico-chemical fauna in relation to physic-chemical characteristics of Gauri Tank at Bhind, M.P. India.@Advances in limnoligy, Narendra Publishing House, New, 57-61.@Yes$Sivasankar V. and Gomathi R. (2009).@Fluoride and other Quality Parameters in the Groundwater Samples of Pettaivaithalai and Kulithalai Areas of Tamil Nadu, Southern India.@Water Qual Expo Health, 1, 123-134.@Yes$Garg R.K., Rao R.J., Uchchariya D., Shukala G. and Saksena D.N. (2010).@Seasonal variation in water quality and major threats to Ramsagar reservoir, India.@African Joun.of Environ.Sci.and Tech., 4(2), 61-76.@Yes$Sharma R.K. and Rathore V. (2000).@Pollution ecology with reference to commercially important fisheries prospect in rural based water body: The lake Sarsal Nawar, Etawah in U.P. (India).@Poll. Res., 19(4), 641-644.@Yes$Jemi R.J. and Balasingh G.S.R. (2011).@Studies on Physico-chemical characteristics of freshwater temple ponds in Kanyakumari district (South Tamilnadu).@International Journal of Geology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1, 59-62.@Yes$Qumerunnisa (1985).@Ecology of freshwater ciliates.@Ph.D. thesis, Marathwada University, Aurangabad.@No$Kazi T.G., Arain M.B., Jamali M.K., Jalbani N., Afridi H.I., Sarfraz R.A., Baig J.A. and Shah A.Q. (2009).@Assessment of water quality of polluted lake using multivariate statistical techniques: A case study.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72(2), 301-309.@Yes$Das A.K. (2000).@Limno-Chemistry of some Andra Pradesh reservoirs.@J Inland Fish. Soc. India, 32, 37-44.@Yes$Rawat M.S. and Sharma R.C. (2005).@Phytoplankton population of Garhwal Himalayam Lake Deoria Tal, Uttranchal.@J. Ecophysiol. Occupat. Health, 5, 73-76.@Yes$Tewari D.D. and Mishra S.M. (2005).@Limnological study during rainy season of Seetadwar Lake at Shrawasti District.@J. Ecophysiol. Occupat. Health, 5, 71-72.@Yes$Naz M. and Turkmen M. (2005).@Phytoplankton Biomass and Species Composition of Lake Golbasi (Hatay-Turkey).@Turk J. Biol., 29, 49-56.@Yes$Wetzel R.G. (1983).@Limnology.@2nd Edition, Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia.@Yes$Dhanalakshmi V., Shanthi K. and Remia K.M. (2013).@Physicochemical study of eutrophic pond in Pollachi town, Tamilnadu, India.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 2(12), 219-227.@Yes$Indresha G.N. and Patra A.K. (2014).@Seasonal Variations in the Physico-chemical parameters of Kanjia Lake.@Life Sci. Leaflets, 47, 55-64.@Yes$Adebisi A.A. (1981).@The physicochemical hydrology of a tropical seasonal river upper Ogun river.@Hydrobiologia, 79(2), 157-165.@Yes$Kataria H.C., Singh A. and Pandey S.C. (2006).@Studies on water Quality of Dahod Dam, India.@Poll. Res., 25(3), 553-556.@Yes$Mustapha M.K. (2008).@Assessment of the water quality of Oyun Reservoir, Offa, Nigeria, using selected physico-chemical parameters.@Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 8(2), 309-319.@Yes$Khan M.A.G. and Choudhary S.H. (1994).@Physical and chemical limnology of lake Kaptai: Bangladesh.@Tropical Ecology, 35(1), 35-51.@Yes
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Microcontroller based baby incubator<#LINE#>Hemangi A. @Raut,Niyanta @Dave,Amisha @Kasar,Hafsha @Karari <#LINE#>37-38<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-029.pdf<#LINE#>Viva Arts, Science and Commerce College, Virar (W), India@Viva Arts, Science and Commerce College, Virar (W), India@Viva Arts, Science and Commerce College, Virar (W), India@Viva Arts, Science and Commerce College, Virar (W), India<#LINE#>30/6/2017<#LINE#>15/6/2018<#LINE#>Low birth weight premature baby have inefficient thermoregulation. Thermoregulation is very important process which plays crucial role in development of baby. Baby incubator provides favorable environment for new born babies and protects them from pollutants and infection. Modern incubators are costly and difficult to handle. “Microcontroller based baby incubator” using ATmega 168 controls and monitor constantly the temperature and humidity. This incubator is low cost and user friendly. It provides the details of the project to design and develop an efficient, cost effective and environmental friendly incubator. It helps to avoid the death of premature infant due to lack of consistent heat. This decrease in temperature of infant is because of extremely low birth weight.<#LINE#>Kumar P.A., Akshay N., Kumar T.A., Sama A. and Jagannath B. (2013).@Real time monitoring and control of neonatal incubator using lab view.@Int. J. Appl. Innov. Eng. Manag, 2, 375-380.@Yes$Cavalcante M.U., Torrico B.C., da Mota Almeida O., de Souza Braga A.P. and da Costa Filho F.L.M. (2010).@Filtered model-based predictive control applied to the temperature and humidity control of a neonatal incubator.@In Proceedings of International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON 2010), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil, 8-10.@Yes$Sage C. and Carpenter D. (2012).@Bio Initiative Report: A Rationale for a Biologically-Based Public Exposure Standard for Electromagnetic Radiation.@1479.@Yes$Whitaker III W.A. (1996).@Acrylic polymers: a clear focus.@MDDI Medical Device and Diagnostic Industry News Products and Suppliers. Medical Plastics and Biomaterials Magazine. Retrieved May 26, 2014, from http://www.mddionline.com/article/acrylic-polymers-clear-focus@Yes$AtomV-2100G Infant Incubator-Service manual (2004). Atom Medical Corporation, 7.@undefined@undefined@No$Thomas K.A. and Burr R. (1999).@Original Article Preterm Infant Thermal Care: Differing Thermal Environments.@Journal of Perinatology, 19(4), 264-270.@Yes$Ginalski M.K., Nowak A.J. and Wrobel L.C. (2007).@A combined study of heat and mass transfer in an infant incubator with an overhead screen.@Med. Eng. Phys., 29(5), 531-541.@Yes$http://www.atmet.com/images/Atmet-7530-Automotive-Microcontrollers-Atmega48-ATmega88-ATmega168_ Datasheet.pdf   08 Jan 2017@undefined@undefined@No$http://ardurino-info.wikispace.com/DHT11-Humidity-TempSensor 08 Jan 2017@undefined@undefined@No$circuits4you (2017).@HX711 Load Cell Amplifier Interface with Arduino.@http://circuits4you.com/2016/11/25/hx711-arduino-load-cell/ 08 Jan 2017@No
<#LINE#>A study of changes in phytochemical properties of selected plants due to solid waste pollution in Agra City, India<#LINE#>Ekta @Dubey,Shashank @Sharma,S.K. @Khanna <#LINE#>39-43<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-030.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, St. John’s College, Agra, UP, India@Department of Applied Sciences, JMIETI (Kurukshetra University), Radaur, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India@Uttrakhand Open University, Dehradun, UK, India<#LINE#>17/3/2018<#LINE#>28/6/2018<#LINE#>Inadequate management of solid wastes is one of the main causes of environmental contamination. A preliminary phytochemical analysis of 5 selected plants in the city of Agra was carried out in a natural and polluted habitat. The plants were selected Acalypha indicates, Procera, Cannabis sativa, Croton bonplandianum and Daturastramonium. Phytochemical qualitative analysis of plants confirmed the presence of different phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, natural tannins, contaminated aqueous extraction, ethanolic their habitats. In the present study, in contaminated habitats, the number of fitoconstituents decreased compared to the natural habitat for all plant species tested when using both ethanol from aqueous extracts, while Daturastramonium was not influenced in its bioactive profile.<#LINE#>Fereidoun H., Nourddin M.S., Rreza N.A., Mohsen A. and Ahmad R. and Pouria H. (2007).@The effect of long-term exposure to particulate pollution on the lung function of Teheranian and Zanjanian students.@Pakistan Journal of Physiology, 3(2), 1-5.@Yes$Kimani N.G. (2007).@Environmental Pollution and Impacts on Public Health: Implications of the Dandora Dumping Site Municipal in Nairobi, Kenya.@United Nations Environment Programme, 1-31. Retrieved from 201-276. In R.D. Munson (ed.) Potassium in agriculture. American Society.@Yes$Tropical Rainforest Animals (2008).@Pollution Effects on Humans, Animals, Plants and the Environment.@Retrieved from http://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/pollution-effects.html (2008).@No$Sharma S. and Shah K.W. (2005).@Generation and disposal of solid waste in Hoshangabad.@In: Book of Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Chemistry and Environment, Indore”, India, 749-751.@Yes$Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (2004).@Management of Municipal Solid Waste.@Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, India.@No$Rathi S. (2006).@Alternative approaches for better municipal solid waste management in Mumbai, India.@Waste Management, 26(10), 1192-1200.@Yes$Ray M.R., Roychoudhury S., Mukherjee G., Roy S. and Lahiri T. (2005).@Respiratory and general health impairments of workers employed in a municipal solid waste disposal at open   landfill site in Delhi.@International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 108(4), 255-262.@Yes$Sharholy M., Ahmad K., Mahmood G. and Trivedi R.C. (2005).@Analysis of municipal solid waste management systems in Delhi – a review.@Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Chemistry and Environment, 23-25. December 2005, Indore, India, 773-777.@Yes$Bundela P.S., Gautam S.P., Pandey A.K., Awasthi M.K. and Sarsaiya S. (2010).@Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities – A review.@International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(4), 591-606.@Yes$Koche D, Shirsat Rupali, Syed Imran and Bhadange D.G. (2010).@Phytochemical screening of eight traditionally used ethnomedicinal plants from Akola district (MS) India.@International Journal of pharma and Bio Sciences. ISSN 0975-6299.@Yes$Akinmo-laudn A.C., Ibukun E.O., Afor E., Obuotor E.M. and Farombi E.O. (2007).@Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of extracts from leaves of O.gratissimum.@Sci. Res. Essay, 2(5), 163-166.@Yes$Edeoga H.O., Okwu D.E. and Mbaebie B.O. (2005).@Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants.@African J. Biotech, 4(7), 685-688.@Yes$Alston R.E. and Turner B.L. (1963).@Biochemical systematic.@Prentice Hall New Jersey.@No$Caselles J. (1998).@Departmento de Quimica Aplicada a la Ingenieria.@E.T.S se Ingenierors Industrials, UNED. Ciudad Universitaria 28040, Madrid, Spain. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 105, 593-602.@Yes$Okwu D.E. and Omodamiro D.O. (2005).@Effect of hexane Pfeiffer, CC, 1979. Mental and elemental nutrients. New extract and phytochemical content of Xylopia aethiopica and Ocimum gratissimum on uterus of guinea pig.@Bio-Res, 3, 40-44.@Yes$Amakoha R.A., Ubwa S., Otkopa T. and Shenge G. (2002), Urology, 54(6), 1001-1201.@undefined@undefined@No$Duke J.A. and Ayensu E.S. (1985).@Medicinal plants of China.@Algonae, Mich. Refrence Publications (Medicinal plants of the World), 2(4), 1085.@Yes$Singh A. (2006).@Studies on effects of solid waste pollutants on therapeutic value of selected medicinal plants.@Ph.D. Thesis. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra.@No$Okwu D.E. and Josiah C. (2006).@Evaluation of the chemical composition of two Nigerian medicinal plants.@Afri J. Biotechnol., 5(4), 357-361.@Yes$Okwu D.E. (2004).@Phytochemical and vitamin content of indigenous spices of South Eastern Nigeria.@J. Sustain. Agric. Environ, 6, 30-34.@Yes$Okwu D.E. (2005).@Phytochemicals, vitamins and mineral contents of two Nigerian medicinal plants.@Int. J. Mol. Med. Adv. Sci, 1(4), 375-381.@Yes$Aiyegoro O.A. and Okoh A.I. (2010).@Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of Helichrysum longifolium DC.@BMC Complement Altern Med, May 14, 10, 21. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-21.@Yes$Grassmann J., Hippeli S. and Elstner E.F. (2002).@Plant’s defence and its benefits for animals and medicine: role of phenolics and terpenoids inavoiding oxygen stress.@Plant Physiolgy and Biochemistry, 40, 471-478.@Yes$Rao M.S., Purushotham N.P., Raghavan G.V. and Mahender M. (1984).@Biochemical changes in experimental feeding of castor bean meal (Ricinuscommunis) in sheep.@Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 8, 33-36.@No$Akindahunsi A.A. and Salawu S.O. (2005).@Phytochemical Screening and nutrient-antinutrient composition of selected tropical green leafy vegetables.@Afr. J. Biotech., 4(6), 497-501.@Yes$Shimada T. (2006).@Salivary proteins as a defence against dietary tannins.@J. Chem. Ecol., 32(6), 1149-1163.@Yes$Geidam Y.A., Ambali A.G. and Onyeyli P.A. (2007).@Priliminary phytochemical and antibacterial evalution of crude aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaf.@J. Applied Sci., 7(4), 511-514.@Yes$Parekh J. and Chanda S. (2007).@Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on twelve species of Indian medicinal plants.@African Journal of Biomedical Research, 10(2), 175-181.@Yes$Chitravadivu C., Manian S. and Kalaichelvi K. (2009).@Qualitative Analysis of Selected Medicinal Plants, Tamilnadu, India.@Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 4(3), 144-146. ISSN 1990-9233 (2009).@Yes$Pandith J.I. (2009).@Phytochemical screening of certain medicinal plants for their application in alternate medicines.@P.hD. Thesis Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Agra.@No$Mueen A.K.K., Rana A.C. and Kixit V.K. (2005).@Calotropis species (Asclepiadaceae)-A comprehensive review. Pharmacognosy Magazine.@1, 48-52.@Yes$Bhakat R.K. and Sen U.K. (2008).@Ethnomedicinal plant conservation through sacred groves.@Tribes and Tribals, 2, 55-58.@Yes$Okeke M.I., Iroegbu C.U., Eze E.N., Okoli A.S. and Esimone C.O. (2001).@Evaluation of extracts of the root of Landolphia owerrience for antibacterial activity.@Journal of ethnopharmacology, 78(2-3), 119-127.@Yes$Novak J., Zitterl-Eglseer K., Deans S.G. and Franz C.M. (2001).@Essential oils of different cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. and their antimicrobial activity.@Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 16(4), 259-262.@Yes$Banso A. and Samuel Adeyemo (2006).@Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assessment of Abutilon mauritianum, Bacopa monnifera and Daturastramonium.@Biokemistri, 18(1), 39-44.@Yes
<#LINE#>Paracetamol and Ibuprofen effect on seed quality attributes of Triticum aestivum (Wheat)<#LINE#>Hardeep Rai @Sharma,Shivani @Garg,Anjali @Malan <#LINE#>44-48<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-037.pdf<#LINE#>Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136119, India@Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136119, India@Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136119, India<#LINE#>9/4/2018<#LINE#>29/6/2018<#LINE#>Pharmaceutical industries are increasing day by day due to increase in demands and need of medicines. The wastewater generated from these industries has organic and inorganic chemical compounds that cause many hazards to environment and disturb the ecological niche of living organisms. A laboratory scale experiment was conducted to find out the effect of synthetic solutions of Paracetamol and Ibuprofen on wheat seeds under laboratory conditions. After seven days, different growth parameters like per cent seed germination, vigour index (VI), shoot and root length, chlorophyll (Chl) content and dry and fresh weight were analyzed. The research indicates that synthetic solution of both the pharmaceutics i.e. Paracetamol and Ibuprofen has varying effect on different wheat seed growth parameters. It is therefore recommended that industrial effluents with such type of pharmaceutics must be treated before being disposed into the environment.<#LINE#>Arumugam K. (2007).@Impact of pharmaceutical factory effluent on seed germination and seedling growth of five varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea).@Journal of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Monitoring, 17(3), 245.@Yes$Alturkmani A. (2004).@Industrial wastewater.@Available at:http://www.4enveng.com.(accessed on 05.04.2018)@Yes$Otokunefor T.V. and Obiukwu C. 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(2014).@Pharmaceutical industry wastewater: review of the technologies for water treatment and reuse.@Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 53(29), 11571-11592.@Yes$World Health Organization (WHO) (2011).@Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-Water.@Available at: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/2011/pharmaceuticals_20110601.pdf (accessed on 06.12.2017)@Yes$Ryu A. (2013).@Pharmaceutical pollution of water in India: international market failure.@Harvard Health Policy Review, 14, 25-28.@Yes$Larsson D.J., de Pedro C. and Paxeus N. (2007).@Effluent from drug manufactures contains extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals.@Journal of Hazardous Materials, 148(3), 751-755.@Yes$Rodriguez-Mozaz S. and Weinberg H.S. (2010).@Meeting report: pharmaceuticals in water—an interdisciplinary approach to a public health challenge.@Environmental health perspectives, 118(7), 1016-1020.@Yes$Bushra R. and Aslam N. (2010).@An overview of clinical pharmacology of ibuprofen.@Oman Medical Journal, 25(3), 155-161.@Yes$Rehman S., Harris P.J.C. and Bourne W.F. (1998).@Effects of presowing treatment with calcium salts, potassium salts, or water on germination and salt tolerance of Acacia seeds.@Journal of Plant Nutrition, 21(2), 277-285.@Yes$Kabir M., Iqbal M.Z., Shafiq M. and Farooqi Z.R. (2008).@Reduction in germination and seedling growth of Thespesia populnea L., caused by lead and cadmium treatments.@Pakistan Journal of Botany, 40(6), 2419-2426.@Yes$Abdul-Baki A.A. and Anderson J.D. (1973).@Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria 1.@Crop Science, 13(6), 630-633.@Yes$Sadasivam S. and Manikam A. (1992).@Total carbohydrate by anthrone method.@Biochemical Methods for Agricultural Sciences Wiley Eastern limited and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University publication.@Yes$Dhevagi P. and Oblisami G. (2000).@Effect of paper mill effluent on germination of agricultural crops.@Journal of Ecobiology, 12(4), 243-249.@Yes$Kannan J. (2001).@Effect of distillery effluents on crop plants.@Advances in Plant Sciences, 14(1), 127-132.@Yes$Kaushik P., Garg V.K. and Singh B. (2005).@Effect of textile effluents on growth performance of wheat cultivars.@Bioresource Technology, 96(10), 1189-1193.@Yes$Kapustka L.A. (1997).@Selection of phytotoxicity tests for use in ecological risk assessments.@@Yes$Sharma H.R. and Malan A. (2017).@Effect of paracetamol and ibuprofen on morphological parameters and chlorophyll content of Vigna radiata (Green Gram).@Environment and We: An International Journal of Science and Technology, 12(4), 99-108.@Yes$Sheela D. and Das M.S. (2004).@Effect of KSDP Effluent on Abelmoschus esculentus L.@Geobios-Jodhpur, 31(2/3), 155-157.@Yes
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Consequences of infrastructural development: a study on the environmental impact of a hydropower project on the Teesta River in North Sikkim, India<#LINE#>Nani Gopal @Mandal <#LINE#>49-55<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-021.pdf<#LINE#>Doctoral Student Office (DSO), Tata Institute of Social Sciences, V.N. Purav Marg, Deonar, Mumbai 400088, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>10/2/2018<#LINE#>4/7/2018<#LINE#>Dams have long been heralded by many as a harbinger of development. However, since the late 1980s, owing to its socio-cultural and environmental cost, the construction of dams has drawn criticism from diverse sections of people from different parts of the world. Construction of large dams or diversions of rivers destroys not only aquatic habitat but also contribute significantly to the destruction and extinction of fishes and other aquatic species, and the overall loss of the ecosystem services on which millions of humans seek their livelihood. Sikkim, a tiny Himalayan state, where several such dams are being proposed and constructed is an ecologically sensitive region. These projects encompass widespread tunnelling in a landscape which is geologically very fragile, the environmental and social impacts of which are often neglected. The construction of such projects causes serious problems like drying up of natural water sources, landslides, pollution, land degradation and cracks in houses and other structures are very common. The current study seeks to study the environmental impact of the Teesta Stage III hydropower project of Sikkim, keeping some of these issues in mind.<#LINE#>Parasuraman S. and Sengupta S. (2001).@World Commission on Dams: Democratic Means for Sustainable Ends.@Economic and Political Weekly, 36(21), 1881-1891. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4410669.@Yes$Gogoi Dilip (2017).@Political ecology of Big Dams in India’s North-East Frontier: Emerging Critical Issues and Environmental concerns.@http://refugeewatchonline.blogspot.in/2011/07/political-ecology-of-big-dams-in-indias.htm.  Accessed on 16/12/2017@No$World Energy Council (2016).@World Energy Resources: Hydropower.@https://www.worldenergy.org/publications/2016/world-energy-resources-2016/. Accessed on 19/12/2017.@No$REN21 R. (2016).@Global Status Report (2016) Paris: REN21 Secretariat.@ISBN 978-3-9818107-0-7.@Yes$Menon M., Vagholikar N., Kohli K. and Fernandes A. (2003).@Large Dams in the Northeast-A Bright Future?.@Ecologist Asia, 11, 3-8.@Yes$Vagholikar N. (2011).@Dams and Environmental Governance in North-east India.@India Infrastructure Report 2011 - Water: Policy and Performance for Sustainable Development. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 360-369. ISBN-13: 978-0-19-807885-2 & ISBN-10: 0-19-807885-4.@Yes$Mandal N.G. (2011).@Impact of Hydropower Projects on The Lepchas Of Sikkim: A Case Study of Teesta Stage III (Unpublished MPhil dissertation).@Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai.@No$Barua S. (2012).@Northeast’s Dam Controversies.@The Shillong Times, Special Article.@No$Dharmadhikary S. (2008).@Mountains of Concrete: Dam Building in the Himalayas.@International Rivers, California.@Yes$Mandal N.G. (2011).@Impact of Hydropower Projects on The Lepchas Of Sikkim: A Case Study of Teesta Stage III (Unpublished MPhil dissertation).@Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai.@No$Mandal N.G. (2011).@Impact of Hydropower Projects on The Lepchas of Sikkim: A Case Study of Teesta Stage III (Unpublished MPhil dissertation).@Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai.@No$CISME (2006).@Carrying Capacity Study of Teesta Basin in Sikkim.@Centre for Inter-Disciplinary Studies of Mountain & Hill Environment, University of Delhi, New Delhi.@No$Teesta Urja Limited (2006).@DPR Report Teesta Stage III - Rehabilitation and Resettlement Plan.@WAPCOS Centre for Environment (Prepared for Teesta Urja Limited), New Delhi.@No$Vagholikar N. and Das P.J. (2010).@Damming the Northeast: Juggernaut of hydropower projects threatens social and environmental security of region.@Kalpavriksh, Aaranyak and ActionAid India. Pune/Guwahati/ New Delhi.@Yes$CEA (2017).@Hydro Electric Potential Development-region wise@Hydro Report, December 2017:. Central Electricity Authority, India.@No$CISME (2006).@Carrying Capacity Study of Teesta Basin in Sikkim.@Delhi: Centre For Inter-Disciplinary Studies of Mountain & Hill Environment, University of Delhi, Delhi.@No