@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Impact of plantation on Iron Ore Mined Overburden at Durg in Chhattisgarh, India<#LINE#>Poonam @Verma,Sanjay @Singh,R.K. @Verma <#LINE#>1-12<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-071.pdf<#LINE#>Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, India@Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, India@Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, India<#LINE#>15/5/2016<#LINE#>21/12/2016<#LINE#>Impact of tree plantation at iron ore mined spoils was studied in central India including analysis of pH, electric conductivity, organic matter, available N, P, K exchangeable Mg, Ca and trace elements. It was observed that physicochemical properties of soil gradually improved along with the plant age and the concentration of trace elements decreased. Difference in species composition was observed on the overburden of different ages. A total of 72 species (excluding 27 planted tree species) comprising of 16 trees, 10 shrubs, 3 climbers, 10 grasses and 33 herbs were recorded growing naturally on mine spoil dump soil. Highest species richness was recorded on three year old dump where 60 species of herbs, shrubs and trees were recorded coming naturally. These plants have higher tolerance to unfavorable soil conditions and are mostly xerophytic in nature. On three year old dump Lantana camara (invasive species) was absent. Grass cover decreased with increase in age of overburden and it was lowest on 7 year old dump. Three invasive species, Lantana camara, Chromolaena odorata and Hyptis suaveolens present on overburden dump. Echinochloa colona, Euphorbia hirta, Gomphrena sp., Indigofera linnaei and Portulaca oleracea occurred commonly at all the sites. Among planted species maximum survival was observed in Albizia lebbeck followed by Cassia fistula, Cassia siamea, Dalbergia sissoo, while minimum survival was recorded in Delonix regia, Eugenia jambolana, Gmelina arboria, Tectona grandis after 9 years of plantation. Effect of plantation on eco-restoration of mine degraded land was studied and physicochemical properties of overburden soil were compared with the native soil. The results showed that pH, EC, organic carbon, NPK were lowest in fresh dumps and increases with age, and highest value for this parameter was recorded in soil sample of 9 year old plantation. The present study helps in understanding the future scope of plantation for eco-restoration of mine overburden soil.<#LINE#>Ghose M.K. (2004).@Effect of opencast mining on soil fertility.@J. Sci. Ind. Res., 63(12), 1006-1009.@Yes$Sadhu K., Adhikari K. and Gangopadhyay A. 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<#LINE#>Effect of forskolin on the growth and differentiation of the ovary of Papilio demoleus L. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)<#LINE#>Srinivasa Rao @Vattikonda,Sabita Raja @Sangam <#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-153.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telengana State, India@Department of Zoology, Nizam College (A), Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telengana State, India<#LINE#>6/10/2016<#LINE#>19/12/2016<#LINE#>Insect growth regulators generally have a selective effect on the target insects and have practically no apparent side effect on non-target organisms especially vertebrates. Hence, insect growth regulators could be a suitable choice to control pests. Forskolin is a diterpene extracted from the roots of Coleus forskohlii affected normal growth and development of the ovaries of Papilio demoleus L (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). The fourth instar, fifth instar and pupae were treated with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 &#956;g / &#956;l doses. The growth of ovaries was seriously  affected in treated resultants, females number of follicles and weight of ovary were reduced significantly, Forskolin affected ovarioles showed disrupted structures of the germarium and vitellarium with either complete or partial damage of few or all oocytes These defects are possibly caused by the Forskolin it inhibits fat body and germinal part of the growing ovariole. Our results indicate that the inhibition of ovarian development, affecting the fertility and the reproductive potentiality of Papilio demoleus suggesting that usage of this plant product is safe anti-fertility agent for the control of this pest.<#LINE#>Malarvannan S., Senthil Kumar S., Prabavathy V.R and Sudha Nair. (2008).@Individual and Synergistic Effects of Leaf Powder of Few Medicinal Plants against American Bollworm. Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera).@Asian J. Exp. Sci., 22(1), 79-88.@Yes$Abudulai M., Shepard B.M. and Mitchell P.L. 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(2014).@Citrus          butterfly (Papilio demoleus Linnaeus) Bioiogy and Management: A Review.@Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences., 3 (1), 17-25.@Yes$Anand k. and Sabita raja S. (2014).@Morphogenetic Effects and IGR activity of a botanical Forskolin against last Instar Larvae of Callosobruchus chinensis (Linn.).@IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science., 7(5), 50-53.@No$Srinivasa Rao V., Nageswara Rao A. and Sabita Raja S. (2014).@Antifeedant activity of forskolin, an extract of Coleus forskohlii, against Papilio demoleus L. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) larvae.@European  Journal of Experimental Biology., 4(1), 237-241.@Yes$Madhavi M. and Sabita Raja S. (2012).@Effect of Vitex negundo on the growth and differentiation of the ovary of Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).@Journal of Pharmacognosy., 3(2), 73-74.@No$Mathai S. (1987).@Effects of hormones and hormones analogues on the ovarian development and  vitellogenesis in the paddy pest Spodoptera mauritia Boisd(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).@Ph.D Thesis, Calicut University@No$Koeppe J. K., Fuchs  M., Chen  T. T,, Hunt  L.M,, Kovalick  G. E. and Briers T. (1985).@The role of Juvenile hormone in reproduction in comprehensive insect physiology.@Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 8, 165 – 203.@Yes$Koeppe J. K., Hobson K. and Wellman S. E. (1980).@Juvenile hormone regulation of structural changes and DNA synthesis in the follicular epithelium of Leucophaea maderae.@J Insect Physiol., 26(4), 229-240.@Yes$Slama K., Romanuk M. and Sorm, F. (1974).@Insect Hormones and Bioanalogues.@Springer Verlag Wien, New York, 476.@Yes$Raghunatha Rao G., Raghavaiah G. and Nagalingam B. (1993).@Effect of botanicals on certain behavioral responses and on the growth inhibition of Spodoptera litura F.@Botanical pesticides in integrated pest management, 12, 175-182.@Yes
<#LINE#>Rapid microbiological examination of water quality in ponds of Vadodara city, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>Tailor Manthan @A.,Vidhi @Modi <#LINE#>18-21<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-155.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India@Dept. of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>13/10/2016<#LINE#>4/12/2016<#LINE#>Fresh water is one of the most important resources without which life would not exist on planet Earth. The exponential growth of human population has caused deterioration of global resources with conditions most severe in under developed and developing countries. Physical and chemical contaminants entering in ponds, lakes and other freshwater reservoir have caused devastating effects on floral and faunal diversity of the system. In addition to this, the biological contaminants in general and pathogens in particular are also of prime importance for qualitative analysis of the water quality. Presence of pathogens may cause severe health issues such as infection, diarrhoea, vomiting etc. The issue is very serious specifically in the case of developing countries due to lack of sanitation and prevalence of unhygienic conditions. The current study was aimed to assess biological contamination with special emphasis on coliform E. coli and MPN (per 100 ml). The water samples were drawn from 6 ponds of Vadodara city, Gujarat, India. Out of the 6 ponds studied, 4 showed MPN (per 100 ml) to be 1100 and above showing heavy microbial contamination. Moreover, all of the ponds under investigation showed presence of E. coli which is indicative of faecal contamination. The results of the rapid study provides basis for further expansion of the study with more emphasis on public health risk.<#LINE#>Petersen P.E. (2003).@The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century–the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme.@Community Dentistry and oral epidemiology, 31(s1), 3-24.@Yes$Clasen T., McLaughlin C., Nayaar N., Boisson S., Gupta R., Desai D. and Shah N. (2008).@Microbiological effectiveness and cost of disinfecting water by boiling in semi-urban India.@The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 79(3), 407-413.@Yes$Clasen T., Schmidt W.P., Rabie T., Roberts I. and Cairncross S. (2007).@Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea: systematic review and meta-analysis.@Bmj, 334(7597), 782.@Yes$Parikh Ankita N. and Mankodi P.C. (2012).@Limnology of Sama Pond, Vadodara City, Gujarat.@Res. J. Recent Sci, 1(1), 16-21.@Yes$Suthar S., Chhimpa V. and Singh S. (2009).@Bacterial contamination in drinking water: a case study in rural areas of northern Rajasthan, India.@Environmental monitoring and assessment, 159(1), 43-50.@Yes$Prescott L.M. (2002).@Microbiology 5th edition.@The McGraw- Hill Companies, 1-1147. ISBN: 0-07-282905-2@No$Bindu B. and Janak J. (2009).@Identifying Malaria Risk Zones Using GIS-A Study of Vadodara City.@J. Commun. Dis, 41(4), 239-248.@Yes$State, District and Taluka wise Salient Features of Population Statistics (2001 and 2011).@Gujarat, Directorate of economics and statistics, 2013.@retrieved at http://gujecostat.gujarat.gov.in/wpcontent/uploads/2013/Dist_Salient_Pop_Stat_2011.pdf on 10/10/2016.@No$Pepper I.L., Gerba C.P. and Brendecke J.W. (1995).@Environmental microbiology: a laboratory manual.@Academic Press, San Diago, 15.@Yes$APHA (1998).@Standard Methods for examination of Water and Wastewater.@20th edn. American Public Health Association, New York. 1 – 2670, ISBN 0-87553-235-7.@No$Gautam S.P., Reeta K., Suniti P., Basu D.D. and Kamyotra J.S. (2005).@Guide manual: water and waste water analysis.@Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India.@Yes$Gopal B. and Zutshi D.P. (1998).@Fifty years of hydrobiological research in India.@Hydrobiologia, 384(1-3), 267-290.@Yes$Hoekstra A.Y., Mekonnen M.M., Chapagain A.K., Mathews R.E. and Richter B.D. (2012).@Global monthly water scarcity: blue water footprints versus blue water availability.@PLoS One, 7(2), e32688.@Yes$Das J. and Acharya B.C. (2003).@Hydrology and assessment of lotic water quality in Cuttack city, India.@Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 150(1), 163-175.@Yes$Safari D., Mulongo G., Byarugaba D. and Tumwesigye W. (2012).@Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Water in Nyaruzinga Wetland of Bushenyi District Uganda.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci, 1(4), 1-6.@Yes$Srinivasan J.T. and Reddy V.R. (2009).@Impact of irrigation water quality on human health: A case study in India.@Ecological Economics, 68(11), 2800-2807.@Yes$Shah K.A. an Joshi G.S. (2015).@Evaluation of water quality index for River Sabarmati, Gujarat, India.@Applied Water Science, 1-10.@Yes
<#LINE#>Influence of Xanthium indicum L. water extracts on DNA and RNA contents of green gram (Phaseolus radiatus L.)<#LINE#>S.P. @Adhikary <#LINE#>22-27<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-157.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Aska Science College, Aska-761111, Dist. Ganjam, Odisha, India <#LINE#>24/10/2016<#LINE#>28/12/2016<#LINE#>Nucleic acids are molecules which act as intelligent hinge and containing nitrogen compound, some sugar and an acid. Due to its structural stoichiometry, it is highly stable form among the all macromolecules. Inspite of its stable structure, influx of allelochemicals and other metabolites to cell matrix develop a stress condition which is susceptible to damage of nucleic acids and their internal metabolic processes. In order to find out the allelopathic effect Xanthium indicum L. allelochemicals on nucleic acids of green gram, a pot culture experiment was conducted with different concentrations of various types of aqueous leachate of test weed. The results showed that different concentrations of various types of aqueous leachate of test weed (5, 10, 15 and 20 %) were exhibited a significant negative correlations with increase in the various types of leachate concentrations of test weed and positive correlations with increase in growth period upto 10 DAS thereafter a negative correlation were marked. This indicates that allelopathic stress of various types of leachates of Xanthium indicum L. were phytotoxic to green gram, when incubation period increase (i.e. 10 days after sowing) the degree of toxicity was higher, this might have due to the increase of more allelochemicals by cellular absorption and it attribute to change the cell matrix. The changed internal milieu of cellular matrix with higher concentration of allelochemicals and other intermediate dynamic unstable molecular species generated by allelopathic stress are reduced or disorganized the DNA and RNA contents. This piece of investigation reveals the adverse effect of allelochemical of Xanthium indicum L. on DNA and RNA contents of green gram.<#LINE#>Bakkali F., Averbeck S., Averbeck D. and Idaomar M. (2008).@Biological effects of essential oils-a review.@Food Chem. Toxicol, 46(2), 446–475.@Yes$Pawlowski A., Kaltchuk-Santos E., Zini C. A., Caramao E. B. and Soares G. L. G. (2012).@Essential oils of Schinus terebinthifolius and S. molle (Anacardiaceae): Mitodepressive and aneugenic inducers in onion and lettuce root meristems.@South Afric. J. Bot., 80, 96–103.@Yes$Cruz-Ortega R., Anaya A.L., Hernandez-Bautista B.E. and Laguna-Hernandez G. (1998).@Effect of allelochemicals stress produced by Sicyos deppi on seedling root ultrastructure of Phaseolus valgaris and Cucurbita ficifolia.@J. Chem. Ecol., 24(12), 2039-2057.@Yes$Kekec G., Mutlu S., Alpsoy L., Sakcali M.S. and Atici O. (2013).@Genotoxic effects of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) essential oils on some weed and crop plants.@Toxicol. Ind. Health, 29(6), 504–513.@Yes$Sunar S., Yildirim N., Aksakal O. and Agar G. (2013).@Determination of the genotoxic effects ofConvolvulus arvensis extracts on corn (Zea mays L.) seeds.@Toxicol. Ind. Health, 29(5), 449–459.@Yes$Dudai N., Poljakoff-Mayber A., Mayer A.M., Putievsky E. and Lerner H.R. (1999).@Essential oils as allelochemicals and their potential use as bioherbicides.@J. Chem. Ecol., 25(5), 1079–1089.@Yes$Chaimovitsh D., Abu-Abied M., Belausov E., Rubin B., Dudai N. and Sadot E. (2010).@Microtubules are an intracellular target of the plant terpene citral.@Plant J., 61(3), 399–408.@Yes$Chaimovitsh D., Rogovoy Stelmakh O., Altshuler O., Belausov E., Abu-Abied M. and Rubin B. (2012).@The relative effect of citral on mitotic microtubules in wheat roots and BY2 cells.@Plant Biol.,14(2), 354–364.@Yes$Grana, E., Sotelo T., Diaz-Tielas C., Araniti F., Krasuska U. and Bogatek R. (2013).@Citral induces auxin and ethylene-mediated malformations and arrests cell division in Arabidopsis thaliana roots.@J. Chem. Ecol., 39(2), 271–282.@Yes$Wink M. and Latz-bruning B. (1995).@Allelopathic properties of alkaloids and other natural-products-possible modes of action.@in Allelopathy: Organisms, Processes, and Applications, eds Inderjit A., Dakshini K. M. M., Einhellig F. A., editors. (Washington, DC: American Chemical Society Press) 582, 117–126.@Yes$Ramos A., Rivero R., Visozo A., Piloto J. and García A. (2002).@Parthenin, a sesquiterpene lactone ofParthenium hysterophorus L. is a high toxicity clastogen.@Mutation Research Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 514 (1-2), 19–27.@Yes$Zhang S., Ong C. N. and Shen H. M. (2004).@Critical roles of intracellular thiols and calcium in parthenolide-induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells.@Cancer Letters, 208(2),  143–153.@Yes$Marco J.A., Sanz-Cervera  J.F., Corral J., Carda M. and Jakupovic J. (1993).@Xanthanolides from Xanthium: absolute configuration of xanthanol, isoxanthanol and their C-4 epimers.@Phytochemistry, 34(6), 1569–1576.@Yes$Ahmed A.A., Mahmoud A.A. and El-Gamal A.A. (1999).@A xanthanolide diol and a dimeric xanthanolide from Xanthium species@. Planta Medica, 65(5), 470–472.@Yes$Zhang L., Ruan J. and Yan L. (2012).@Xanthatin induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M checkpoint and apoptosis via disrupting NF-&#954;B pathway in A549 non-small-cell lung cancer cells.@Molecules,17(4), 3736–3750.@Yes$Baziramakenga  R., Leroux G.D., Simard R.R. and Nadeau P. (1997).@Allelopathic effects of phenolic acids on nucleic acids and protein levels in soyabean seedlings.@Can. J. Bot., 75(3), 445-450.@Yes$Padhy B., Mishra P. and Gantayat P.K. (2002).@The Allium test, an alternative bioassay in allelopathic studies: Impact of aqueous phyllode-litter leachate of Acacia auriculaeformis.@Indian Journal of Environment and Eco-Planning, 6, 99-104.@No$Abraham G.N., Scaletta C. and Vaaghan J.H. (1972).@Modified diphenylmine reaction for increased sensitivity.@Anal. Biochem., 49(2): 547-549.@Yes$Schneider W.C. (1945).@Phosphrous compounds in animal tissue, Extraction and Estimation of deoxypentose nucleic acid and pentose nucleic acid.@J. Biol. Chem., 161, 293.@No$Neiltower G.H., Spencer P.A. and Rodriquez E. (1989).@In: Phytochemical Ecology: Allelochemica, Micotoxin, Insect Pheromones and Allelomones, (Eds. C.H. Chou and G.R. Waller), Taipai.@R.O.C., 9, 546.@No$Svensson S.B. (1972).@The effects of coumarin on growth, production of dry matter, protein and nucleic acids in roots of maize and wheat and the interaction of coumarin with metabolic inhibitors.@Physiol. Plant. 27(1), 13-24.@Yes$Wink M. and Twardowski T. (1992).@Allelochemical properties of alkaloids, effect on plants, bacteria and protein biosynthesis.@In: Allelopathy: Basic and Applied Aspects (Eds. S.T.H. Rizvi and v. Rizvi, chapman and Hall),  London, U.K. 129-150.@Yes$Nishida N., Tamotsu S., Nagata N., Saito C. and  Sakai A. (2005).@Allelopathic effects of volatile monoterpenoids produced by Salvia leucophylla: Inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in the root apical meristem of Brassica campestris seedlings.@J. Chem. Ecol., 31(5), 1187–1203.@Yes$Hallak A.M.G., Davide L.C. and Souza I.F. (1999).@Effects of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) root exudates on the cell cycle of the bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) root.@Genet. Mol. Biol. 22(1), 95–99.@Yes$Li Z.H., Wang Q., Ruan X., Pan C.D. and Jiang D.A. (2010).@Phenolics and plant allelopathy.@Molecules, 15(12), 8933–8952.@Yes$Fang C., Li Y., Li C., Li B., Ren Y. and Zheng H. (2015).@Identification and comparative analysis of microRNAs in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in response to rice allelopathy.@Plant Cell Environ., 38(7), 1368–1381.@Yes$Padhy B., Pattnaik P.K. and Tripathy A.K. (2000).@Allelopathic potential of Eucalyptus leaf litter- leachate on the germination and seedling growth of finger-millet.@Allelopathy Journal, 7(1), 69-78.@Yes$Pattnaik P.K. (1998).@Studies on Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus leaves on ragi (Finger millet) crop.@Ph. D. Thesis, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha.@No$Tripathy A.K. (2000).@Studies on the allelopathic effect of Acacia species on some rice ( Oryza Saliva L.) cultivoers.@Ph.D. Thesis, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Orissa, India.@No$Gantayet P.K. (2007).@Studies on Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus on some legume crops.@Ph. D. Thesis, Berhampur University, Odissa, India.@Yes
<#LINE#>Interference of dust deposition on the physiology of roadside plants: screening bio-filters using a differential green exhaust absorption method<#LINE#>Narayan Chandra @Karmakar,Anindita @Roy,Anjan @Hazra <#LINE#>28-34<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-166.pdf<#LINE#>Post Graduate Department of Botany, Barasat Government College, 10 K N C Road, Barasat, Kolkata- 700124, India@Post Graduate Department of Botany, Barasat Government College, 10 K N C Road, Barasat, Kolkata- 700124, India@Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata - 700108, India<#LINE#>9/11/2016<#LINE#>14/12/2016<#LINE#>Plant leaves are the receptors of atmospheric gases and sunlight. Roadside dust and particulate pollutants deposited on the surfaces of plant leaves can impact plant physiology. The rate of dust deposition and the level of interference can also vary with species. The present sampling was conducted along the roadsides around Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose (N.S.C.B.) International Airport, Kolkata, India. The area is highly congested with a variety of motor vehicles that generate heavy gaseous and particulate pollutants into the surrounding air. We studied the differential effects of dust deposition on plant mesophyll cell-sap pH, relative water content, chlorophylls a and b and carotenoid, ascorbic acid, total protein, sugar contents. We also examined the differential reduction of oxygen release to the surrounding atmosphere. Dust deposition was found to be highest on Ficus benghalensis and lowest on Polyalthia longifolia out of the total number of roadside species studied (n = 5) in this research. Furthermore, Polyalthia longifolia was found to be least affected by dust deposition as estimated by our air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and in terms of oxygen emitted to the surrounding air. We determined a set of species that can cope best with dust deposition, which will help determine the optimal species to be used in the abatement of particulate roadside pollution and as natural filters.<#LINE#>Najeeba S. and Saleem M. (1997).@Air pollution by motor vehicle emission at Murree Highway.@J Rawal Med Coll, 1(2), 75-77.@Yes$Roach S.A. and Rappaport S.M. (1990).@But they are not thresholds: a critical analysis of the documentation of threshold limit values.@American journal of industrial medicine, 17(6), 727-753.@Yes$Nagpure A.K., Gurjar B.R., Sahni N. and Kumar P. (2010).@Pollutant emissions from road vehicles in megacity Kolkata, India: past and present trends.@Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control, 10(2), 18-30.@Yes$Roy Chowdhury I. (2015).@Scenario of Vehicular Emissions and its Effect on Human Health in Kolkata City.@International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 4(5), 01-09.@Yes$Armbrust D.V. (1986).@Effect of particulates (dust) on cotton growth, photosynthesis and respiration.@Agronomy Journal, 78(6), 1078-1081.@Yes$Dubey P.S. (1986).@Procedure manual. All India Co-ordinated programme.@Air  pollution and plants. Deptt. of Env. Govt. of India, New Delhi, India.@No$Mansfield T.A. (1976).@Effects of Air Pollutants on Plants.@Society for Experimental Biology, Seminar Series: CUP Archive, 1.@Yes$Warren J.L. (1973).@Green Space for Air Pollution Control.@School of Forest Resources, Tech. Rep. No. 50, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 118.@Yes$Singh S.K. and Rao D.N. (1983).@Evaluation of plants for their tolerance to air pollution.@In Proceedings of symposium on air pollution control, 1, 218-224.@Yes$Schutzki R.E. and Cregg B. (2007).@Abiotic Plant Disorders: Symptoms, Signs and Solutions: a Diagnostic Guide to Problem Solving.@Michigan State University Extension.@Yes$Prajapati S.K. and Tripathi B.D. (2008).@Seasonal variation of leaf dust accumulation and pigment content in plant species exposed to urban particulates pollution.@Journal of environmental quality, 37(3), 865-870.@Yes$Millan-Almaraz J.R., Guevara-Gonzalez R.G., Romero-Troncoso R., Osornio-Rios R.A. and Torres-Pacheco I. (2009).@Advantages and disadvantages on photosynthesis measurement techniques: A review.@African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(25).@Yes$Lichtenthaler H.K. (1987).@Chlorophyll and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes.@Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382.@Yes$Liu Y.J. and Ding H. (2008).@Variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near a steel factory: Implication for landscape-plant species selection for industrial areas.@WSEAS Transactions on Environment and development,4(1), 24-32.@Yes$Roe J. and Kuether C. (1943).@Estimation of ascorbic acid.@J Biol Chem, 147, 3999.@Yes$Keller J. and Lamprecht R. (1995).@Road dust as an indicator for air pollution transport and deposition: an application of SPOT imagery.@Remote Sensing of Environment, 54(1), 1-12.@Yes$Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L. and Randall R.J. (1951).@Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.@J boil Chem, 193(1), 265-275.@Yes$Pons A., Roca P., Aguiló C., Garcia F.J., Alemany M. and Palou A. (1981).@A method for the simultaneous determinations of total carbohydrate and glycerol in biological samples with the anthrone reagent.@Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods, 4(3-4), 227-231.@Yes$Sharma G.K. and Butler J. (1975).@Environmental pollution: Leaf cuticular patterns in Trifolium pratense L.@Annals of Botany, 39(5), 1087-1090.@Yes$Sharma G.K. (1992).@Bougainvillea glabra L.: cuticular response to environmental pollution.@Geobios, 19, 239-242.@Yes$Thakar B.K. and Mishra P.C. (2010).@Dust collection potential and air pollution tolerance index of tree vegetation around Vedanta Aluminium Limited, Jharsuguda.@The Bioscan, 3, 603-612.@Yes$Joshi N., Bora M. and Haridwar U. (2011).@Impact of air quality on physiological attributes of certain plants.@Report and Opinion, 3(2), 42-47.@Yes$Rai P.K. and Panda L.S. (2014).@Leaf dust deposition and its impact on biochemical aspect of some roadside plants in Aizawl, Mizoram, North-East India.@International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(11), 14-19.@Yes$Prasad M.S.V. and Inamdar J.A. (1990).@Effect of cement kiln dust pollution on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea).@Indian botanical contactor, 7(4), 159-162.@Yes$Eller B.M. (1977).@Road dust induced increase of leaf temperature.@Environmental Pollution (1970), 13(2), 99-107.@Yes$Leghari S.K., Zaid M.A., Sarangzai A.M., Faheem M. and Shawani G.R. (2014).@Effect of road side dust pollution on the growth and total chlorophyll contents in Vitis vinifera L.(grape).@African Journal of Biotechnology, 13(11), 1237-1242.@Yes$Saravana Kumar R. and Sarala Thambavani D. (2012).@Effect of Cement Dust Deposition on Physiological Behaviors of Some Selected Plant Species.@International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 1(9), 98-105.@Yes
<#LINE#>Effect of heavy metals and xenobiotic compound on growth of some endophytic fungi isolated from Achanakmar –Amarkantak biosphere reserve, India<#LINE#>Manoj Kumar @Mahish,R.V. @Shukla,Anil @Choubey,Amit @Sharma <#LINE#>35-40<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-167.pdf<#LINE#>Microbial Physiological Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M. Dubey Post Graduate College Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh), India@Microbial Physiological Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M. Dubey Post Graduate College Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh), India@Microbial Physiological Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M. Dubey Post Graduate College Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh), India@Microbial Physiological Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M. Dubey Post Graduate College Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh), India<#LINE#>9/11/2016<#LINE#>17/12/2016<#LINE#>The present study reports effect of heavy metals and Xenobiotic compound against the growth of some endophytic fungi. The endophytes were isolated from Sal (Sorea robusta) and Bahera (Terminallia bellerica) tree of Achanakmar-Amarkantak biosphere reserve, India. In view of the diversity of fungi Fusarium sp.1 and Colletotrichum sp.1 was screened for present work. The fungi were treated with soluble and insoluble heavy metals and Benxyl hexa chloride. The Fusarium sp. 1 was found resistant towards FeCl2 and ZnSO4 while 75% growth inhibition was observed with CuSO4. Inhibition of growth of 66.67% was found with the treatment of ZnSO4 and CuSO4 to Colletotrichum sp. 1.  Both the fungi demonstrated most extreme growth inhibition with insoluble Cu and Al while tolerance towards Cr and Pb.  Fusarium Sp. 1 was found more delicate with the Benxyl hexa chloride with half hindrance of development in 500 mg/l concentration while just 25% development of Colletotrichum sp. 1 was restrained with the same. The P value for use of different concentration of heavy metals has been found P 0.44 for Fusarium sp. 1 while for Colletotricum it was recorded P 0.79 indicates no significant difference.  Now it is concluded that endophytic fungi endure the heavy metals and xenobiotic compounds yet impact on the development was seen when concentration increases.`<#LINE#>Carroll G.C. (1986).@The biology of the endophytism in plants with particular reference to woody perennials. In: The Microbiology of the Phyllosphere (eds. N.J. Fokkema and 1. van den Heuvel).@Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 205-222.@Yes$Petrini O. (1991).@Fungal endophytes of tree leaves.@In: Andrews J. H., Hirano SS. (eds.) Microbial Ecology of Leaves, Springer– Verlag, New York, pp. 179-197.@Yes$Wilson D. (1995).@Endophytes, the evolution of a term and clarification of its use and definition.@Oikos. 73, 274–276.@Yes$Bacon C.W. and White J.F. Jr. (2000).@Physiological adaptation in the evolution of endophytism in the Clavicipitaceae In: Bacon CW, White JF Jr, eds. Microbial endophytes.@New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp. 237-261.@Yes$Zhang H.W., Song Y.C. and Tan R.X. (2006).@Biology and chemistry of endophytes.@Natural Product Reports. 23, 753-771.@Yes$Tan R.X. and Zou W.X. (2001).@Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites.@Nat Prod Rep., 18, 448-459.@Yes$Dreyfuss M. and Chapela I.H. (1994).@Potential of fungi in the discovery of novel, low-molecular weight pharmaceuticals.@In: Gull VP, ed. The discovery of natural products with therapeutic potential. London, United Kingdom: Butterworth- Heinemann. 49–80.@Yes$Gunatilaka A.A.L. (2006).@Natural products from plant-associated microorganisms: distribution, structural diversity, bioactivity and implications of their occurrence.@J. Nat. Prod., 69, 509-526.@Yes$Strobel G., Daisy B., Castillo U. and Harper J. (2004).@Natural products from endophytic microorganisms.@Journal of  Natural Products., 67, 257-268.@Yes$Newman D.J. and Cragg G.M.  (2007).@Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years.@Journal of Natural Products, 70 (3), 461–477.@Yes$Waller F., Achatz B. and Baltruschat H. et al., (2005).@The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica reprograms barley to Salt-stress tolerance, disease resistance, and higher yield.@Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 102, 13386–13391.@Yes$Rodriguez R.J., Redman R.S. and Henson J.M. (2004).@The role of fungal symbioses in the adaptation of plants to high stress environments.@Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 9, 261–272.@Yes$Nash R.G. and Woolson E.A. (1967).@Persistence of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Insecticides in Soils.@Science, New Series, 157, 924-927.@Yes$Richardson Mervyan (1996).@Enviromental Xenobiotic.@CRC press, pp. 492. ISBN 9780748403998@Yes$Mitra J. and Raghu K. (1998).@Long term DDT pollution in tropical soils, effect of DDT and degradation products on soil microbial activities leading of soil fertility.@Bulletin of Envinment Contamination and Toxicology, 60, 585-591.@Yes$Rao R.V. and Alexender M. (1985).@Bacterial and fungal cometabolism of 1,1,1 –trichloro2,2 –bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) and its breakdown products.@Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 49(3), 509-516.@Yes$Mukhergee I. and Gopal M (1994).@Degradation of beta-endosulfan by Aspergillus Niger.@Toxicologica and environmental chemistry. 46(4), 217-221.@Yes$Gadd G.M. and White C. (1993).@Microbial treatment of metals pollution- A working biotechnology.@trends in Biotechnology.@Yes$Anahid S., Yaghmaei S. and Ghobadine A.D. and Zoll Z. (2011).@Heavy metal tolrence of fungi.@Scintica Iranica, 18(3), 502-508.@Yes$Mahish P.K., Tiwari K.L. and Jadhav S.K. (2013).@Tolerance of Lead by Some Fungal Species Isolated From Industrial Waste Water.@Deccan Current Science International, 9(2), 229-232.@No$Champion H.G. and Seth S.K. (1968).@Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India.@Manager of Publication. Govt. of India Press, New Delhi.@Yes$Petrini O., Sieber T.N.,  Toti L. and Viret O. (1993).@Ecology, metabolite production and substrate utilization in endophytic fungi.@Natural Toxins, 1, 185–196.@Yes$Barnett H.L. (1960).@Illustrated genera of Imperfect Fungi.@Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis@Yes$Barnett H.L. and Hunter B.B. (1998).@Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi.@New York: MacMillan Publ. Co ISBN: 0-89054-192-2.@Yes$Ellis M.B. (1976).@Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes CAB International Mycological Institute.@@Yes$Sutton B.C. (1980).@The Coelomycetes - Fungi Imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata.@Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, UK.@Yes$Atuanya E. and Oseghe E. (2006).@Lead contamination and microbial lead tolrence in soil at major road junction in Benin City.@J. Applid science, Environ. Mgt., 10(2), 99-104.@Yes$Mahish P.K., Tiwari K.L. and Jadhav S.K. (2015).@Biodiversity of Fungi from Lead Contaminated Industrial Waste Water and Tolerance of Lead Metal Ion by Dominant Fungi.@Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9(4), 159-168.@Yes$Ezzouhari L., Castro E., Moya M., Espinola F. and Lairini K. (2009).@Heavy metal tolerance of filamentous fungi isolated from polluted sity in Tangir, Morocco.@African Journal of Microbiology Research, 3(2), 35-48.@Yes$Siham A.A. (2007).@Effect of lead and copper on the growth of heavy metal resistant fungi isolated from second industrial city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.@Journal of Applied Science, 7(7), 1019-1024.@Yes$Martens Rainer (1976).@Degradation of (8, 9- 14C) endosulfan by soil microorganisms.@Applied and environmental microorganisms, 31(6), 853-858.@Yes$Mitra J., Mukherjee P.K., Kle S.P. and Murthy N.B. (2001).@Bioremediation of DDT in Soil by genetically improved strain of soil fungus.@Fusarium solani. Biodegradation, 12(4), 235-245.@Yes$Quintero J.C., Marfa T. Moreira F.G. and Lema J.M. (2008).@Screening of white rot species for their capacity to degrade lindane and other isomers of hexachlorocyclohexan (HCH).@Cienciab investigation Agraria, 35(2), 159-167.@Yes$Nagpal V., Srinivasan M.C. and Paknikar K.M. (2008).@Biodegradation of &#947;-hexachlorocylohexane (Lindane) by a non-white rot fungus conidiobolus 03-1-56. Isolat ed from litter.@Indian J. Microbiology, 48, 134-141.@Yes
<#LINE#>Floristic diversity of an urban environment: poisonous plants of Bhubaneswar smart city, India<#LINE#>Sanjeeb Kumar @Das,Mahendra Kumar @Satapathy,Sidhanta Sekhar @Bisoi <#LINE#>41-52<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-169.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Life Science, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar-751022, India@Department of Life Science, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar-751022, India@Department of Life Science, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Bhubaneswar-751022, India<#LINE#>18/11/2016<#LINE#>2/1/2017<#LINE#>Bhubaneswar, the modern capital of Odisha (an eastern Indian State) is widely known as the temple city of the East. Recently, it has been declared as the smart city by government of India under its smart city mission 2015. From a survey of waste lands, road sides, degraded forests and institutional areas of the city, a total of 52 species has been identified as poisonous plants showing toxicity towards human being and other animals. Argemone Mexicana, Calotropis gigantean, Colocassia esculenta, Datura stramonium, Euphorbia antiquorum, Thevetia nerifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus were the widely distributed toxic plants in the city ecosystem. Euphorbiaceae is the dominant family with the largest number of genera followed by Solanaceae (06) and Fabaceae (05).  As far as toxic effect of plant parts is concerned, seeds and plant saps from 12 plant species; fruits, leaves, spines and stem from 11, 10, 07 and 6 species respectively show toxic effects. Looking into the phytochemicals responsible for toxicity, it has been noted that alkaloids were the dominant groups of chemicals as observed in 17 plant species followed by phenolic compounds such as glycoside, terpenoids, and esters. Besides toxicity, certain poisonous plants are also economically valuable because of their medicinal and food value. Apart from creating awareness and eradication of poisonous plants and their selective conservation has been discussed.<#LINE#>Kumar A. and Chithra K. (2012).@Green land use planning as alternate methodology for Sustainable Planning.@Inst. of Town plan., Indian. J. 10, 13-19.@No$Hayat P. (2016).@Smart Cities: a global perspective.@India Q. 72(2), 177-191.@Yes$Stanley Faeth H. (2008).@Global Change and the Ecology of Cities.@Science, 319(5864), 756-760.@Yes$Hoornweg D. (2012).@Cities and Climate Change: An Urgent Agenda.@The World Bank.@Yes$Washington D.C. (2001).@World Urbanization Prospects.@United Nations, New York.@No$Kulshrestha S.K. (2016).@Smart Cities: A new competitive approach to Urban Transformations.@Inst. of Town plan, Indian J., 13(1), 1-19.@No$B.D.A. (2015).@Odisha: Perspective plan-Vision (2030) and Comprehensive Development plan.@@No$Rout D.K. and Dash M.C. (1998).@Environmental status of Bhubaneswar.@Orissa Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar 87 pp.@No$Choudhury B.P. and Pattanaik S.N. (1975).@Flora of Bhubaneswar and Adjoining regions-1 Trees.@Prakruti, Utkal University Journal Science, 12(1 & 2), 1-43.@Yes$Choudhury B.P. and Patnaik S.N. (1982).@Flora of Bhubaneswar and adjoining regions.@J. Econ. & Taxon Bot., 3, 549-555.@Yes$Kumar S. and Satapathy M.K. (2011).@Medicinal plants in an Urban Environment: Herbaceous medicinal flora from the campus of Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.@Int. J. of Pharm. & Life sci., 2(10), 1206-1210.@Yes$Apollo Master, Dash S.K. and Padhy S. (2006).@Eco- consciousness for Poisonous and Injurious plants among Urban dwellers of Bhubaneswar, Orissa.@J. of Hum. Ecol., 19(4), 239-248.@Yes$Saxena H.O and Brahmam M. (1996).@The Flora of Orissa (I to IV), Regional Research laboratory.@Orissa Forest Development Corporation Ltd. India.@Yes$Archana K.V., Kumar M. and Bussmann R.W. (2007).@Medicinal plants in an urban environment: the Medicinal flora of Banaras Hindu University.@Uttar Pradesh, J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., 3, 35-43.@Yes
<#LINE#>Prospective role of a tropical rural lake on preservation of distinct populations<#LINE#>Saravanaraja @M.,Nagarajan @K. <#LINE#>53-61<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-170.pdf<#LINE#>PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode – 638 316, Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India@PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode – 638 316, Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India<#LINE#>19/11/2016<#LINE#>25/12/2016<#LINE#>Freshwater lakes are sole habitat for wide range of biota. Especially the tropical freshwater lakes are unique ecosystem supports very sensitive biotic communities. The components of various trophic levels of tropical freshwater are easily altered by various factors. These factors may be anthropogenic or natural. Study area Vellode Lake (1108’04.04” N and 77037’52.42”) is a typical South Indian tropical freshwater lakes supports wide range of biodiversity. To find the potential importance of the lake ecosystem, present investigation exclusively eyed on diversity of economically useful medicinal plants and aesthetic avifaunal communities. In the present investigation 63 medicinal plants including 3 grasses, 26 herbs, 6 twinks, 7 shrubs and 21 trees. The attractive avifaunal components of the lake is comprised of 9 migratory including one vulnerable Pelecanus crispus, two near threatened Mycteria leucochephala and Threskiornis melanocephalus, 28 local migratory and 61 resident birds including near threatened Anhinga melanogaster. Factors associated with the management of Vellode lake were identified and required implementations are highlighted.<#LINE#>Vannote R.L., Wayne M., Kenneth W.C., James R.S. and Colbert E.G. (1980).@The River Continuum Concept.@Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 37(1), 130-137.@Yes$Hadwen W.L. and Bunn S.E. (2005).@Food web responses to low-level nutrient and 15N-tracer additions in the littoral zone of an oligotrophic dune lake.@Limnol. Oceanogr., 50(4), 1096–1105.@Yes$Gururaja, K.V., Ali, S. and Ramachandra, T.V. (2008).@Influence of land use changes in river basin on biodiversity and distribution of Amphibians.@In: Ramachandra (ed.), Environmental education for ecosystem conservation, Capital publishing company, New Delhi, 33-42.@Yes$Covich A.P., Melanie C.A, Felix B., Eric C., Bradley J.C., Catherine L.B., Pablo I., Olivier D., Martin S., Mark O.G., Bernhard, S.R. and Brian M. (2004).@The role of biodiversity in the functioning of freshwater and marine benthic ecosystems.@Bioscience, 54(8): 767-775.@Yes$Prasad S.N., Ramachandran T.V., Ahalya N., Sengupta T., Kumar Alok, Tiwari A.K., Vijan V.S. and Lalitha Vijyan (2002).@Conservation of wetlands of India – Review.@Trop. Ecol., 43(1),173-186.@Yes$Bibby C., Jones M. and Marsden S. (1998).@Expedition Field Techniques-Bird Surveys.@Bird Life International Publication. Cambridge.@Yes$Ali S. (1996).@The book of Indian Birds. 12th Ed.@Bombay Natural History Society, New Delhi.@Yes$Ali S., Ripley S.D., Dick J.H. (1987).@Hand Book of the birds of India and Pakistan.@Compact Ed., OUP, Bombay.@Yes$Tarzwell C.M. (1937).@Experimental evidence on the value of trout stream improvement in Michigan.@Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 66(1), 177–187.@Yes$Trautman M.B. (1981).@The fishes of Ohio.@Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Ohio.@Yes$Khan I.Y., Dekou V., Hanson M.A., Poston L. and Taylor P.D. (2004).@Predictive adaptive responses to maternal high-fat diet prevent endothelial dysfunction but not hypertension in adult rat offspring.@Circulation, 110, 1097–1102.@Yes$Ahmad J., Malik A.A. and Shakya L. (2013).@Urban development: A treat to wild species of medicinal and aromatic plants.@Mid. East J. Sci. Res., 13(7), 947-951.@Yes$Udhayakumar A. and Natarajan V. (2013).@Studies on the medicinal plants used by Malayali tribes in Kolli hills in Tamilnadu.@Intl. J. Basic and Life Sci., 1(1), 16- 29.@Yes$Murugeswaran R., Rajendran A., Venkatesan K., Thomas B. and Aravindan V. (2014).@Potential plants for unani system of medicine from Western Ghats of Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu, India.@J. Sci., 4(2), 106 – 112.@Yes$Nagumanthri V., Rahiman S., Tantry B.A., Nissankarao P. and Phani Kumar (2012).@In-vitro antimicrobial activity of Acalia nilotica, Ziziphus mauritiana, Bauhiaia variegale and Lantana camera against some clinical strains.@Iranian J. Sci. Technol., 213-217.@Yes$Kaur R., Gonzales W.L., Llambi L.D., Soriano P.J., Callaway R.M., Rout E.M., Gallaler J.T. and Inderjit (2013).@Community Impacts of Prosopis juliflora Invasion: Biogeographic and congeneric comparison.@PLOS ONE, 7(9), e44966. Doi; 10. 137/ journal. Pone 0044066.@Yes$Padmavathy A., Alexander R. and Anbarashan M. (2010).@Diversity of birds in Ouster wetlands Puducherry, India.@Our Nat., 8: 247-253.@No$Chilke A.M. (2012).@Avain Diversity in and around Bamanvada lake of Rajura district, Chandrapur (Maharastra).@Annals Biol. Res., 3(4), 2014-2018.@Yes$Mariappan N., Kalfan A.B.K. and Krishnakumar S. (2013).@Assessment of bird population in different habitats of agricultural ecosystem.@I. J. Sci. Res. Env. Sci., 1(11), 306-316.@Yes$Urfi A.J., Sen M., Kalam A. and Meganathan T. (2005).@Counting binds in India: Methodologies and trends.@Curr. Sci., 89(12), 1997-2003.@Yes$Bhat I.P., Cristopher S.S. and Hosetti B.B. (2009).@Avifaurnal diversity of Anakere wetland, Kerala, Udupi district, India.@J. Envion. Bril., 30(6), 1059-1062.@Yes
<#LINE#>Impact of life events on development of personality disorder among traffic police personnel in Bangalore City<#LINE#>Soumya @G.S.,N.D. @Shrinithivihahshini,Nandini @N.,Sunitha @N.,Sudhir @G.K. <#LINE#>62-66<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-176.pdf<#LINE#>Seshadripuram College, Seshadripuram, Bangalore, Karnataka, India@Department of Environmental Management, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Environmental Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India@Department of Environmental Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India@Department of Physiology, AIMS, Bellur, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>6/12/2016<#LINE#>19/1/2017<#LINE#>Stress has become a part of every one’s life and the major contributors of stress could be daily hassles, stressful life events and environment or occupational exposure to stress. A number of research works has been carried out in the past on various factors causing stress on health of individuals. However cumulative effect of different types of stress on individual’s emotional behaviour or abnormal personality traits is an area of research which has scope for more analysis. Researches in the recent past have revealed increase in environmental pollution and increased mortality and morbidity due to environmental pollution, especially among those individuals who are occupationally exposed to environmental pollution. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to find the impact of life events induced stress on development of personality disorders on traffic police personnel who are occupationally exposed to environmental pollution. A sample of250 traffic police personnel working in 21 traffic monitoring stations of north, south, east, west, central, north east and south east traffic divisions of Bangalore city were selected for the study. Assessment of stress level due to life events and its influence on personality were carried through survey using General questionnaire, Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) questionnaire and Standardised Assessment of Personality- Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS) questionnaire. Association between stress levels due to life events and development of personality disorders was assessed statistically using Chi-Square test. The study reveals that association between SRRS scoring and SAPAS scoring among experimental group was found to be statistically significant (&#967;2= 13.36*, P< 0.05) compared to control group, (&#967;2= 0.14 NS, P>0.05).Work environment has an influence on life events and development of personality disorders in traffic police personnel in Bangalore city.<#LINE#>Selye Hans (1974).@Stress without distress.@J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, New York. springer link, 137-146.@Yes$Sheldon Cohen, Ronald C. Kessler and Lynn Underwood Gordon (1995).@Strategies for measuring stress in studies of psychiatric and physical disorders.@Oxford University Press, New York.@No$Paykel E.S. (1978).@Contribution of life events to causation of psychiatric illness.@Psychol Med, 8(2), 245–253@Yes$Work related stress, anxiety and depression statistics in Great Britain 2016, Health and safety Executive,1-10 URL: http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/stress/stress.pdf?pdf=stress@undefined@undefined@No$Every Sixth Indian needs mental help, Matters India, URL: http://mattersindia.com/2016/10/every-sixth-indian-needs-mental-health-help-report- Published on 12th October 2016@undefined@undefined@No$Holmes T.H. and Rahe R.H. (1967).@The social readjustment rating scale.@Journal of Psychosomatic research, 11(2), 213-21@Yes$Paul Moran, Morven Leese, Tennyson Lee, Paul Walters, Graham Thornicroft and Anthony Mann (2003).@Standardised Assessment of Personality - Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS): Preliminary validation Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS): Preliminary validation of a brief screen for personality disorder.@British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(3), 228- 232@Yes$Daniel L. Ely and Richard A. Mostardi (2086).@The effect of recent life events stress, life assets and Temperament pattern on Cardiovascular risk factors for Akron city police officers.@Journal of Human Stress, 12(2), 77-91, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1986.9936771@Yes$Changsoo Kim, Sang Hyuk Jung, DaeRyong Kang, Hyeon Chang Kim, Nam WookHur, Dong Chun Shin and Il Suh (2010).@Ambient Particulate Matter as a Risk Factor for Suicide.@The American journal of Psychiatry, 167(9), 1100-1107 .@Yes$Pancheri P., Martini A., Tarsitani L., Rosati M.V., Biondi M. and Tomei F. (2002).@Assessment of subjective stress in the municipal police force of the city of Rome.@Stress and Health ,18(3), 127–132.@Yes$Carolyn M. Mazure, Martha L. Bruce, M.P.H., Paul K. Maciejewskiand Selby C. Jacobs, (2000).@Adverse Life Events and Cognitive-Personality Characteristics in the Prediction of Major Depression and Antidepressant Response.@The American journal of Psychiatry,157(6), 896-903@Yes
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Phytosociological characters and biodiversity of sacred grove a preliminary study<#LINE#>Muzamil Ahmad @Sheikh,Sangeeta @Sharma,Avinash @Tiwari <#LINE#>67-69<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-161.pdf<#LINE#>School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University Gwalior, M.P. 474011, India@School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University Gwalior, M.P. 474011, India@School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University Gwalior, M.P. 474011, India<#LINE#>5/11/2016<#LINE#>23/12/2016<#LINE#>The study was carried out to analyze both phytosociologically and quantitatively, the trees and shrubs of sacred grove ‘Siddhkho’ in Gwalior district of state Madhya Pradesh. Eight quadrats of each 20m × 20m for trees and 5m ×5m for shrubs were laid down in the total area of 7.5 ha. A total of 12 species of both trees and shrubs were found in which Anogeissus latifolia was dominated with frequency of 100%, density (34.875), relative density (85.32), relative frequency (29.62), abundance (34.875),  relative dominance (20.61) and IVI (135.54).The quantitative measurements were carried out by Simpson index of diversity, Menhinick’s Richness and Shanon wiever index. The values were 0.73 for simpsons diversity index, 0.66 for Menhinick’s richness and 1.59 for shanon wiever index.<#LINE#>Padmanabhan P. (2005).@Documentation and conservation of small mammals in the Sacred  groves of kerala, peninsular india.@Project Report, kerala forest research institute.@No$Gadgil M. and Vartak V.D. (1976).@Sacred groves of Western Ghats of India.@Economic  Botany, 30(2), 152-160@Yes$Gadgil M. and Vartak V.D. (1975).@Sacred groves of India: a plea for continued conservation.@Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 72, 314-320.@Yes$Boraiah K.T., Vasudeva R., Bhagwat S.A. and Kushalappa C.G. (2003).@Do informally managed sacred groves have higher richness and regeneration of medicinal plants than state-managed reserve forests?.@Current Science, 84(6), 804–808.@Yes$Bhandary M.J. and Chandrashekar K.R. (2003).@Sacred groves of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts of Karnataka.@Current Science, 85(12),1655–1656.@Yes$Jamir S.A. and Pandey H.N. (2003).@Vascular plant diversity in the sacred groves of Jaintia Hills in northeast India.@Biodiversity and Conservation,12(7),1497–1510.@Yes$Ramanujam M.P. and Cyril K.P.K. (2003).@Woody species diversity of four sacred groves in the Pondicherry region of South India.@Biodiversity and Conservation, 12(2), 289–299.@Yes$Phillips E.A. (1959).@Methods of vegetation Study.@Henry Holt & Co. Ilc.@Yes$Simpson E.H. (1949).@Measurement of diversity.@nature, 163.@Yes$Menhinick E.F. (1964).@A comparison of some species-individuals diversity indices applied to samples of field insects.@Ecology, 45(4), 859-861.@Yes$Shannon C.E. and Weaver W. (1949).@The mathematical theory of communication.@Urbanna : Univ. Illinois press, 29, 117.@Yes$Saurav M. and Das A.P. (2014).@Plant species Richness and Phytosociological attributes of the Vegetation in the cold temperate zone of Darjiling Himalaya, India.@International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(10), 47-57.@Yes$Kour K. and Sharma S. (2012).@Diversity and Phytosociological Analysis of Tree Species in Sacred Groves of Vijaypur Block, Samba (J&K).@International Journal of Science and Research, 3(6), 859-862.@Yes$Sasikala K., Harilal C.C. and Pradeepkumar G. (2014).@Phytosociological Studies of two sacred groves in Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India.@Bioscience Discovery, 5(2), 154-159.@Yes$Patil U.H. and Gaikwad D.K. (2011).@Ethno-pharmacological Review of a Herbal Drug: Anogeissus latifoli.@International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research, 2(1), 41-43.@Yes$Rana F. and Avijit M. (2012).@Review on Butea monosperma.@International journal of research in pharmacy and chemistry, 2(4), 1035-1039.@Yes