@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Effects of different Concentrations of Detergents on Dissolved Oxygen Consumption in fresh water fish Mystus montanus<#LINE#>N.E.@Chandanshive<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-210.pdf<#LINE#> Zoology Department, Fergusson College, Pune-411004, Maharashtra, INDIA<#LINE#>17/1/2013<#LINE#>19/6/2014<#LINE#>The detergents are household chemical cleaning compound required in wide range of our daily life for diverse purposes. In many of these of application, the surfactants are used in interaction with water. Surfactant is a major constituent of detergents; this is a compound of high biological activity and has a tendency to accumulate in organisms, making adverse effects possible even at very levels of exposure. In some rivers the concentrations of detergents is quite high. The freshwater fish like Mystus montanus is highly sensitive to the household detergents like Surf and Nirma powder. The average mortality in each concentration was taken to determine the LC50 by plotting a graph, taking concentration on X-axis and mortality on Y-axis.  According to graphical plots the 50% mortality values of Surf excel and Nirma for 96 hours were 20.0 mg/litre and 23.5 mg/litre respectively. The Fishes were exposed to sublethal concentrations (1/3rd and 2/3rd of LC50 values of Surf excel and Nirma) as per suggestions for a period of 96hrs. The oxygen consumption has increased with 1/3rd sublethal concentration of both detergents with increase in time. However, the lowest oxygen consumption was observed at 2/3rd of lethal concentration with increase in time. <#LINE#> @ @ Chandanshive N. E. and S.M. Kamble, Acute toxicity of Surf excel and Nirma to freshwater fish Garra mullyaSkyes), Journal of Aquatic Biology, 21(3), 53-57 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chandanshive N.E., Studies on Toxicity of Detergents to Mystus montanus and Change in behaviour of FishResearch Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences,1(9), 14-19 (20133.Chandanshive N.E., Kamble S.M. and Yadav B.E.,  Fish Fauna of Pavana river of  Pune,  Maharashtra, Zoo’s print Journal,22(5), 2693-2694 (20074.Emi Mathew, Subitha P.T. and Philip Litto Thomas,  Effect of different concentration of detergent on dissolved Oxygen consumption in Anabus testudineus, IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT), 5(3), 01-03 (2013) @No $ @ @ 5.APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater 20th edition (1998) @No $ @ @ 6.Finney D.J., In: Statistical Methods in Biological Assay, 3rd Edn. Grffin  Press, London (1978) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 57.Konar S.K., Laboratory studies on the organophosphorous insecticides, DDVP, and phosphamidon, as selective toxicants. Trans Amer. Fish Soc, 98, 430-437, 1969) 8.Burress R.M., Development and evaluation of on-site toxicity test procedure for fishery investigations, U.S. Department, Fish. Wild. Serv. Wash., 68, 1-8 (1975) @No $ @ @ 9.Harish Kumar and  Gujaria S.C., Modified Winklers  Method  for dissolved oxygen content, Geobios New Rep.,14(1), 73-75 (1995) @No $ @ @ 10.Ellis A.G., Smith D.G., Edema formation and impaired O2 transfer in  knger-perfused gills of the eel, Anguilla austrdlis. J. exp. Zool., 227-371-380 (1983) @No $ @ @ 11.Skidmore J.F., Tovell P. M7. A., Toxic effects of zinc sulphate on the gills of rainbow trout, Wat. Res., , 217-230 1972) 12.Albassam M., Moore J. and Sharma A., Ultrastructural and clinicopathological studies on the toxicity of cationic acrylainide-based flocculant to rainbow trout, Vet. Pathol. 24, 3 4-43 (1987) @No $ @ @ 13.Maki A.W. and W.E. Bishop., Acute toxicity of   surfactants  to Daphnia magna   and   Daphnia   pulex,   Environ.   Contam. Toxicology., 599-612, (1979) @No $ @ @ 4.Zaccone G., Fasulo S., Lo Cascio P. and Licata A., Patterns of enzyme activities in the gills of the catfish Heteropneustes fossils (Bloch) exposed to the anion-active detergent sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), Histochem.J.,82, 341-343, (1985) @No $ @ @ 5.Misra V., Lal H., Chawla G., Viswanathan P.N., Pathological changes in gills of fish fingerlings (Cirrhina mrigala) by linear alkylbenzene sulphonate, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,10, 302-308, (1985) @No $ @ @ 6.Misra  V.,  Chawla  Geeta  Kumar  V.  Hazarilal and Viswanathan  P.N., Effect  of Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate in skin of fish fingerlings (Cirrhina mrigala); observation with scanning electron microscope, Ecotoxico. Environ. Safety, 13(2), 164-168 (1987) @No $ @ @ 7.Raju C.S.,  Anil Kumar  D.M.H.S., Praskasa  Babu P., Jayantharao K., Effect   of   detergent  (Ariel) on   oxidative   enzymes  and  histology   of   the   teleost  Oreochromis  mossambicus, J. Ecotoxic. Environ. Monit.,4(3), 227-230 (1994) @No $ @ @ 8.Ribelles A., Carrasco C. and Rosety M., Morphological and histological changes caused by sodium dodecyl-sulfate in Sparus aurata. L. Euro. J. Histochem., 39(2), 141-148, 1995) 19.Supriyono E., Takashima F., Strussmann C.A., Toxicity of Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) to juvenile kuruma shrimp, P. Japonicus: a histopathological study on acute and sub-chronic levels, J. Tokyo Univ. Fish,85(1), 1-10, (1998) @No $ @ @ 20.Barbieri E., Phan V.N., Gomes V., Effects of  LAS-C12, Linear Alkybenzene  Sulphonate, on metabolic rate and swimming capacity of Cyprinus carpio. Ecotox. Environ. Rest, 3(2), 6-75 (2000) @No $ @ @ 21.Barbieri Edison, use of metabolism and swimming activity to evaluate the  sublethal toxicity of surfactant (LAS-C12) on Mugil platanus, Braz. arch. biol. technol., 50(1) (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Bio composting of Municipal Solid Wastes employing earthworms Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae<#LINE#>C.@VijayaKumar,@AntonyS,A.G.@Murugesan<#LINE#>6-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-91.pdf<#LINE#>Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Alwarkurichi 627 412, TN, INDIA<#LINE#>9/5/2014<#LINE#>16/6/2014<#LINE#>The MSW was composted with different Earthworm species to identify the suitable earthworm species for Eco-friendly and scientific management of MSW. Earthworm species of Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida were collected from Kodaikanal forest soil, brought to Alwarkurichi and reared in cages under controlled environmental conditions till attaining full grown stage. These two earthworm species were introduced into the raw MSW collected from Alwarkurichi town Panchayat and studied the changes in physico-chemical and biological characteristics during the course of decomposition of MSW. There were six treatments taken up for this study, out of which two treatments had been made with 50 numbers of each earthworm species and another two treatments with 100 numbers of each earth worm species. The 5thtreatment was made by adding 50 numbers of each earthworm species. An experimental control was also maintained to compare the efficacy of various treatments.  During the decomposition of MSW by these earthworm species, there was an increase, in size, number of cocoons, number of young ones and number of adult earthworms.  This study was observed with gradual increase in pH, E.C. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and continuous decrease of total carbon and C: N ratio during the composting period.  The bacterial and fungal populations were minimum at the initiation of composting, reached the maximum at the middle period and attained stable population on maturation. The actinomycetes population steadily increased during the process of decomposition and reached maximum and stable population on completion of decomposition.  The micronutrients content had shown a steady increase from the beginning to the end.  The heavy metals concentration decreased during the period of composting. The compost obtained from the MSW treated with Eudrilus eugeniae in 100 numbers possessed most favorable physico-chemical and biological characteristics when compared to the other treatments in this study. <#LINE#> @ @  Basal convention, The text of the basal convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (1989) @No $ @ @ CPCB, Manual on Hospital waste management, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi (2000) @No $ @ @ UNSD, United Nation’s Statistical Division, Glossary of environment Statistics (1997)  @No $ @ @  Milestones in Garbage, U.S.Municipal Solid Wastes - Basic Information (1990)  @No $ @ @ White P.R., Franke M. and Hindle P. 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Barnes (Editors), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), No. 31. Published for the Lirmean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-Water Sciences Association, London (1985)  @No $ @ @ Falcon M.A.E., Corominas M.L., Perez F.P., erobic bacterial populations and environmental factors involved in the composting of agricultural and forest wastes of the Conary islands, Biological Wastes, 20, 89-99 (1987) @No $ @ @ Walkey A. and Black C.A. An examination of the Different method for determining soil organic matter and a proposedmodification of the chronic acidification method, Soil Sci., 37, 29-38 (1934) @No $ @ @ Bremner J.M. Inorganic forms of nitrogen. In: Methods of soil analysis Part 2. (Ed.) C. A. Black, American Society of Agronomy, Inc. Wiscomsin, U.S.A. 1170-1237 (1965)  @No $ @ @Jackson M.L., Soil chemical analysis, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 498 (1973)  @No $ @ @ Khalil A.I., Hassouna, M.S.,. El-Ashqar, H.M.A. and M. Fawzi, Changes in physical, chemical and microbial parameters during the composting municipal sewage sludge, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27(10), 2359-2369 (2011) @No $ @ @ Cardenas R.R. and Wang L.K. Composting process, In: Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Vol.II. The Human Press, New York, 269-327 (1980)  @No $ @ @  Campell A.G. and Folk R.L., and Tripepi R.R. Wood ash as an amendment in Municipal Sludge and yard composting process, Compost science and utilization, 5 (1), 67-73 (1997) @No $ @ @  Brinton W.F., Interpretation of waste and compost Tests,Journal of the Woods End Research Laboratory, 1 (4), 1 – 6 (2003) @No $ @ @  Elango D., Thinakaran N., Panneerselvam P., Sivanesan S., Thermophilic composting at Municipal Solid Waste, Applied Energy, 86 (5), 663 – 668 (2009) @No $ @ @  Cabrera M.L., Kissel D.E., and Vigil M.F. Nitrogen Mineralisation from organic residues: Research opportunities, Journal of Environmental Quality, 34 (1), 75– 79 (2005) @No $ @ @  Gaur A.C. A manual of rural composting. FAO/UNDP Regional Project RAS/75/005, Field Document No.15, FAO, Rome, Italy, 102 (1982) @No $ @ @ Bhardwaj K.K.R. Significance of microbial inoculants in organic matter decomposition, Current trends in LifeScience, 23, 235-247 (1999) @No
<#LINE#>Sustainability of spiders in Temperature variation at Shoolpaneshwar wild-life sanctuary, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>Bhatt@Nikunj<#LINE#>14-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-110.pdf<#LINE#> V P and R P T P Science College, Vallabh Viyanagar, Anand, Gujarat-388001, INDIA<#LINE#>28/5/2014<#LINE#>4/6/2014<#LINE#>Spiders are sensible towards the external temperature known ectothermic. The study observed the richness of spiders’ species at Narmada riverside habitat, the observation data mainly collected from arboreal and ground habitat included rocks and grass land. This gives rise enormous results to behavioral characteristic of spiders. The major difference found in richness of spider fauna during the three prime seasons in Gujarat. The major families are found abundant in monsoon and winter seasons during July to March. The Salticidae and Gnaphosidae are become low populated during late winter. The two families Araneidae and Lycosidae are found sustained in the summer season during April to June. <#LINE#> @ @ Tikader B.K., Fauna of India, Araneae,2(1&2), 1-533 (1982) @No $ @ @ Nikunj Bhatt et al, Research Digest, 3(4), 26-28 (2008) @No $ @ @ Patel S.K., Faunastic survey of spiders from Bhavnagar District, Gujarat. Ph. D. Thesis, BhSSavnagar Univ. Bhavnagar (1985) @No $ @ @ Pocock R.I., The Fauna of British India,Today-Tomorrow publishers, New Delhi, 1-272 (1985) @No $ @ @ Chatzaki M. et al, seasonal activity of the ground spider fauna in a mediterranean ecosystem (Mt youchtas, crete, greece), 1998. p. a. selden (ed.), Proceedings of the 17th European colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh (1997) @No $ @ @ Jonathan murphy et al: cold-hardiness in the wolf spider pardosa groenlandica (thorell) with respect to thermal limits and dehydration, The journal of Arachnology, 36, 213–215 (2008) @No $ @ @ Paula E., cushing and brent d. opell, the effect of time and temperature on disturbance behaviors shown by the orb-weaving spider uloborus glomosus (uloboridae), J. Arachnol.,18, 87-93 (1990) @No $ @ @ Victoriar, schmalhofer et al, crab spider hunting performance is temperature insensitive, ecological entomology,  24, 345-353 (1999) @No
<#LINE#>Evaluation of Vegetation density of the Mangrove forest in South Andaman Island using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques<#LINE#>E.@Yuvaraj,K.@Dharanirajan,@Saravanan,Karpoorasundarap@,N.@ian<#LINE#>19-25<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-128.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Disaster Management, Pondicherry University, Port Blair, INDIA<#LINE#>20/6/2014<#LINE#>15/7/2014<#LINE#>The gregarious distribution of mangroves forms the habitat on the large extent in the coastline of Andaman Islands. Southern part of South Andaman Island was taken for this study where the mangroves are threatened by anthropogenic activities and natural calamities. Remote Sensing and GIS techniques were used to evaluate the vegetation density of mangrove forest in this area. The LISS IV satellite image was used to map the mangrove forest using visual interpretation technique. Mangroves were delineated from the inland forest cover and other land cover features. NDVI method was used to evaluate the forest density cover of mangroves. Based on the canopy cover percentage it was classified into dense, moderate, sparse and degraded forest. The total mangrove canopy cover occupies 1842.89 ha which is 74.5% of total area of the mangrove forest, nearly 54.11% of canopy comes under moderate vegetation of mangroves and it occupies maximum of the mangrove forest in this island. Whereas dense vegetation occupies 283.10 ha indicating fine health status of the forest. Sparse forest occupies around 501.34 ha indicates the encroachment activities in this forest. Degraded vegetation was observed in the urban landuse and tsunami impacted areas that occupies around 101.40 ha were confirmed in the field survey. This preliminary cost benefit study was used to evaluate the status of vegetation density of mangrove forest of Southern Andaman Island which is in use to monitor the forest. <#LINE#> @ @ Tomlinson P.B., The botany of mangroves.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1986) @No $ @ @ Pawar Tushar Anant, Study of Mangrove flora along the Zuari River (Case study on Curtorim Village – Goa- India), International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(5), 35-39, (2012) @No $ @ @ Heumann B.W., Satellite remote sensing of mangrove forests: Recent advances and future opportunities, Progress in Physical Geography, 35(1), 87-108 (2011) @No $ @ @ Manson F.J., Loneragan N.R., Skilleter G.A. and Phinn S.R., An evaluation of the evidence for linkages between mangroves and fisheries: A synthesis of the literature and identification of research directions. 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Andrews, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union Territory Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Environmental Team, Madras Crocodile Bank Trust, Tamil Nadu, India (2005) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 25and Nicobar Islands. Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair (2009) @No $ @ @ Roby T.J., Nair P.V. and Joyce Jose, GIS techniques for Mapping highly Fragmented ecosystems- A case study on the Myristica swamp forests of Southern Kerala, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(ISC-2013) @No $ @ @ , 110-119 (2014) @No $ @ @ 3.Everitt J.H., Yang C., Sriharan S. and Judd F.W., Using high resolution satellite imagery to map black mangrove on the Texas Gulf Coast, J. Coast. 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<#LINE#>Biomonitoring in Lentic Ecosystems of Irongmara, District Cachar, Assam, India, with Special reference to Aquatic Insect community<#LINE#>Bijita@Barman,Priti@Gupta,Dharitri@Choudhury,@DalalArpita,Susmita@Gupta<#LINE#>26-35<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-129.pdf<#LINE#> Department of ecology and Environmental science, Assam University, Silchar-788011, INDIA<#LINE#>20/6/2014<#LINE#>15/7/2014<#LINE#>This paper represented a preliminary three months data on the aquatic insect diversity of two ponds, one private property pond and one community pond of Irongmara village, district Cachar, Assam. The communitypond (pond1) was characterized by market and household waste disposal site and the privatepond (pond2) was characterized by a community fishery. A total of 16 families belonging to 5orders from pond 1 and 9 families belonging to 4 orders from pond 2 were recorded. The insect order Diptera was found to be abundant and dominant in pond1, while in pond2 the order Hemiptera was found more abundant and dominant. Dissolved oxygen of water on pond1 was found very low with high Free-CO and Electrical Conductivity while in pond2 the dissolved oxygen was found in good concentration with low Free-CO and Electrical Conductivity. Different biomonitoring scores were computed to see the water quality of the ponds and statistical analyses were done to find the relationship of environmental variables with insect density and family richness. 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(2002) @No $ @ @ Sivaramakrishnan K.G., Composition and Zonation of Aquatic Insect Fauna of Kaveri and its Tributaries and the Identification of Insect Fauna as Indicator of Pollution, D.O.E. Project Number 22/18/89-Re. (1992) @No $ @ @ Chessman B., SIGNAL 2 – A Scoring System for Macro-invertebrate (‘Water Bugs’) in Australian Rivers, Monitoring River Heath Initiative Technical Report no 31, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra (2003) @No $ @ @ Shivayogimath C.B, Kalburgi P.B, Deshannavar U. Band Virupakshaiah D.B.M., Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha, India, I Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(1), 12-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Farshad H. and Venkataramana G.V., Impact of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Water on Zooplankton Diversity in Nanjangud Industrial Area, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(4), 37-42 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar A., Studies on Qualitative and Quantitative Abundance of Aquatic Entomofauna in Glacial fed Mountainous Goriganga River ofKumaun Himalaya Uttarakhand, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(4), 51-63 (2014) @No $ @ @ Gupta S., Dey S. and Purkayastha P., Use of Aquatic Insects in Water quality assessment of Ponds around two Cement Factories of Assam, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(7), 15-19 (2013) @No $ @ @ Patra A., Santra K.B. and Manna C.K., Limnologcal Studies Related o Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Water of Santragachi and JoypurJheel, W.B., India, Our Nature., , 185-203 (2010) @No $ @ @ Bhat M.M., Yazdani T., Narain K., Yunus M. and Shukla R.N., Water Quality Status of Some Urban Ponds of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Journal of Wetlands Ecology, , 67-73 (2009) @No $ @ @ Buragohain K. and Gupta S., Chlorophyll dynamics of Euglena infested ponds in Barak Valley, Assam, North East India, Eco.Env.& Cons., 16(2), 133-137 (2010) @No $ @ @ Wright R., Seasonal variation in water of a West African river (R. Jong in Sierra Leone), Revue d’ Hydrobiologie Tropicale, 15(3), 193-199 (1982) @No $ @ @ Bhuiyan J.R and Gupta S., A comparative hydrobiologicalstudy of a few ponds of Barak Valley, Assam and their role as sustainable water resources, J.Environ.Biol., 28(4), 799-802 (2007) @No $ @ @ WHO, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, vol., Recommendations,World Health Organization,  Geneva, 130 (2011) @No $ @ @ Smitha, Ajay D. and Shivashankar P., Physico Chemical Analysis of the Freshwater at River Kapila, Nanjangudu Industrial Area, Mysore, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(8), 59-65 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>Evaluation of Physical and Chemical characteristics of Water at Sothuparai reservoir, Theni District, Tamilnadu, India<#LINE#>R.@MedonaMary,@NirmalaT.,M.R.@DelphineRose<#LINE#>36-39<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-131.pdf<#LINE#>J.A. College, Periyakulam, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>24/6/2014<#LINE#>20/7/2014<#LINE#>Sothuparai is situated at Periyakulam in Theni District and it is 9 km away from Periyakulam. Sothuparai dam supplies water to Periyakulam throughout the year. The physico chemical parameters of sothuparai reservoir water samples were analyzed for a period of six months from June to November 2013. The Parameters such as water temperature, PH,turbidity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, electrical conductivity, magnesium, calcium and chloride were within the permissible limits and can be used for irrigation and domestic purpose. <#LINE#> @ @ Das J. and Acharya B.C., Hydrology and assessment of lotic water quality in Culttack city, India, Water Air Soil Pollut.,150, 163-175 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ramakrishnaiah C.R., Sadashivaiah C. and Ranganna G., Assessment of water quality index for the ground water  in Tumker Taluk, Karnataka State, India, Indian Journal of Chem., 6, 523- 530 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kittfarell poe.,Water quality and monitoring, Connecticut Department of Envireonmental Protection, (2010) @No $ @ @ Venkatesharaju K., Ravikumar P., Somashakar R.K., Prakash K.L., Physico chemical and Bacteriological Investigation on the river Cauvery of Kollegal stretch in Karnataka, Journal of Science Engineering and Technology, 6(1), 50-59 (2010) @No $ @ @ Yadav Janeeswar, Pathak R.K. and Khan Eliyas, Analysis of water quality using physico chemical parameters of Satak Reservoir in Khargone District, M.P, India, International Research journal of Environmental Science, 2(1), 9-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Vutukuru S.S., Chromium induced alterations in some biochemical profiles of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 70(1), 118–123 (2003) @No $ @ @ Vie J.C., Hilton-Taylor C. and S.N. Stuart, Eds., Wildlife in a Changing World: An Analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of ThraAtened Species, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, (2009) @No $ @ @ Adeogun A.O., Chukwuka A.V. and O.R. Ibor, Impact of abbatoir and saw mill effluents on water quality of Upper Ogun River (Abeokuta), The American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 7(6), 525–530 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rajesh K.M., Gowda G. and Mendon M.R., Primary productivity of the brackishwater impoundments along Nethravathi estuary, Manglore in relation to some physico chemical parameters, fish technology 39, 85-87 (2002) @No $ @ @ Jayaraman P.R., Ganga D.T. and  Mali R.P., Water Quality studies on Karamana River, Thiruvanathapuram District, South Kerala, India, Pollution Research, 22(1), 89-100 (2003) @No $ @ @ Sharma M.R. and Gupta A.B., Seasonal Variation of physico chemical parameters of  Hathil stream in outer Himalayas, Pollution Research 23(2), 265–270 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rajasekar K.T., Permal P. and  Santhanam P., Phytoplankton diversity in the Coleroon Estuary, Southeast Coast of India, Journal of marine biological association of India, 47, 127-132 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sridhar R.,  Thangaradjou T., Senthilkumar S.  and Kannan L., water quality  and phytoplankton characteristics of Palk Bay, Southeast coast of India, Journal of Environmental  Biology, 27, 561–566 (2006) @No $ @ @ Srivastav N., Harit G., Srivastava R., A study of physico chemical characteristics of lakes around Jaipur, India, Journal of environmental biology,  30(5), 889–894 (2009) @No $ @ @ Damodharan P., Permal N.V. and Perumal P., Seasonal Variation of Physico chemical characteristics of Point Calimere coastal waters (South east coast of India), Middle – East Journal of Scientific research, 6(4), 333-339 (2010) @No $ @ @ Prasana M. and Ranjan P.C., Physico chemical properties of water collected from Dharma estuary, International Journal of Environmental Science 1(3), 334-342 (2010) @No $ @ @ Medudhuala Thirupathiah Ch. Samatha, Chinth Sammaeirah, Analysis of water quality using physico chemical parameter in lower manair reservoir, International journal of Envieromental sciences, 3,  (2012) @No $ @ @ Barai S.R. and Satish Kumar, Evaluation Evaluation of the physico chemical characteristics of River Varuna at  Varanasi, India, Journal of Environmental Biology, 34,259-265 (2013) @No $ @ @ BIS: Bureau of Indian Standard drinking water specified, 1strevision, ISS 10500 (1991) @No $ @ @ WHO: Guidelines for drinking quality  recommendations world Health Organization (1984) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 3921.Ranjeeta Choudhary, Pushpa Rawtani and Monika Vishwakarma, Comparative study of drinking water  quality parameters of three man made reservoirs i.e. Kolar, Kaliasote and kerwa Dam., Current world Environment, 6 (1), 145-149 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Ornamental Fish trade in Sri Lanka: An Economic Perspective<#LINE#>@HerathH.M.T.N.B.,L.N.@Wijewardene<#LINE#>40-45<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-134.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences and Technology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, SRI LANKA <#LINE#>28/6/2014<#LINE#>30/7/2014<#LINE#>Exporting of ornamental fish is much lucrative industry in today. Sri Lanka is one of the important country in that context by having significant market share in world trade. In this paper an economic assessment of ornamental fish trade in the decade of 2000-2010, with special reference to the Sri Lanka was carried out. Annual growth rate of ornamental fish trade, compound annual growth rate, and economic measures such as Revealed comparative advantage (RCA), Relative import advantage (RMA), Relative Trade advantage (RTA), and changes in the unit value of ornamental fish over the decade of 2000-2010 were studied. Relative Trade advantage and Relative competitive advantage results indicated that Sri Lanka has huge potential over the exporting of ornamental fish and it was competitive although there were fluctuations in the annual growth rate. Furthermore it is recommended that, Expansion of ornamental fish exporters, subsidies in the industry may be impetus over the increase export earnings. <#LINE#> @ @ : 1.UN, 2010, Uncomtrade, [Online] Available at:http://comtrade.un.org/db/dqQuickQuery.aspx [Accessed 1 June 2014] 2.Rani P., Immanuel S. and Kumar N.R., Ornamental fish exports from India:Performance, Competitivenes and Determinants. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies,1(4), 85-92,(2014) @No $ @ @ 3.Ling K.H. and Lim L.Y., Status of Ornamental Fish Industy In Singapore. Singapore Journal Primary Industries, 32,pp. 59-69,(2005) @No $ @ @ 4.Ekarathne S.K., A Review of the Status and Trends of Exported Ornamental Fish Resources and Their Habitats in Sri Lanka, Rome: FAO (2004) @No $ @ @ 5.Beets J., Preliminary Review of the Marine, Colombo: The Agro-Enterprise, (2004) @No $ @ @ 6.Gunasekera R.S., Export Trade of Indigenous Freshwater fish of Sri Lanka, Biodiversity Protection unit, Sri Lanka customs (2011) @No $ @ @ 7.WTO, n.d. World Trade Organization Time Series Data. [Online] Available at: http://stat.wto.org/Statistical Program/WSDB StatProgramHome.aspx?Language=E [Accessed 16 June 2014]8.Jayalal, L. and Ramachandran, A.. Export trend of Indian ornamental fish industry. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, [online] 3(11), 439-451 (2012) @No $ @ @ Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5251/ abjna.2012.3.11.439.451 [Accessed 23 Jun. 2014] (2014) @No $ @ @ 9.Balassa B., Trade Liberalization and Revealed Comparative Advantage, Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 33, 99-123 (1965) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 45Journal of Economics and Accountancy, 2(2), 068-073 (2004) @No $ @ @ Andreosso-O’Callaghan B. Economic Structural Complementarity: How Viable is the Korea-EU FTA? Ireland J. Econ. Stud.,36, 147-167 (2009) @No $ @ @ 2.Widodo, Tri, Comparative Advantage: theory, empirical measures and case studies, Review of Economic and Business Studies. Issue 4, 57-82 (2009) @No $ @ @ 3.Karambakuwa R. and Mzumara M., The Revealed Comparative Advantage of Swaziland.Greener Journal of Economics and Accountancy, 2(2), 68-73 (2013) @No $ @ @ 4.Wood, E. Global Advances in Conservation and Management of Marine Ornamental Resources. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation, 3(1), 65-77 (2001) @No $ @ @ 5.Wood, E. and Rajasuriya, A. Sri Lanka Marine Aquarium Fishery Conservation and Management Issues, Marine Conservation Society and National Aquatic Resources Agency, 11 (1999) @No $ @ @ 6.Randall J.E., Collecting reef fishes for aquaria, In Human Impacts on Coral Reefs: Facts and Recommendations. Salvat B. ed. Antenne Museum E.P.H.E., French Polynesia: 29-39,(1987) @No $ @ @ 7.Wijesekara, R. and Yakupitiyage, A. Ornamental Fish Industry in Sri Lanka: Present Status and Future Trends. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation, [online] 3(4), pp.241-252,(2001) @No $ @ @  Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1013154407298 [Accessed 27 May. 2014]. 18.Ministry of Agriculture, A. P. a. D. I. F. a. T. E. P. Commercial Ornamental Fish Production, s.l.: United States Agency for International Development (USAID), (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Biomagnetic monitoring of Atmospheric particulate Pollution through Roadside tree leaves in Aizawl city, Mizoram and their temporal and spatial variations<#LINE#>@PrabhatKumarRai,Chutia@BikuMoni<#LINE#>46-53<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-141.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl-796004, Mizoram, INDIA <#LINE#>2/7/2014<#LINE#>7/8/2014<#LINE#>Particulate matter (PM) is one of the six criteria pollutants in terms of adverse impact on human health.  It has been demonstrated that magnetic measurement is an important means in PM pollution study through plant leaves. Plants species are found as effective biomonitors and may act as natural filters by trapping and retaining PM on their leaf surfaces. In the present study, the magnetic properties [Magnetic susceptibility (), Anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) and Saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM)] of three roadside plant leaves (Bougainvillea spectabilis, Cassia fistula and Lantana camara) at four spatially distant sites were measured in order to compare their capability to accumulate PM. Further, the aim of this study was to assess PM pollution at selected sites and to establish the relationship between magnetic properties and PM in Aizawl city. The results indicated significant correlation between the concentration of ambient PM and magnetic measurement (, ARM and SIRM) of  the selected roadside plant leaves. Similarly, significant correlations between magnetic parameters (, ARM and SIRM) and Fe concentrations have been demonstrated. Present study may be a novel contribution in the field of  bio-magnetic monitoring as the previous related studies confined their quest mostly to temperate  plants, concentrating on single magnetic parameter. However, in present study we have selected three magnetic parameters (, ARM and SIRM). Study concluded that bio-magnetic monitoring as an application of environmental geomagnetism may act as proxy for ambient PM pollution and may act as an eco-sustainable tool for environmental management in urban and peri-urban regions. <#LINE#> @ @ Moreno E., Sagnotti L., Dinare_s-Turell J., Winkler A. and Cascella A., Biomonitoring of traffic air pollution in Rome using magnetic properties of tree leaves, Atmospheric Environment,37, 2967-2977 (2003) @No $ @ @ Urbat M., Lehndorff E. and Schwark L., Biomonitoring of air quality in the Cologne conurbation using pine needles as a passive samplerdpart 1: magnetic properties, Atmospheric Environment,38, 3781-3792 (2004) @No $ @ @ Yin G., Hu S., Cao L., Roesler W. and Appel E., Magnetic properties of tree leaves and their significance in atmospheric particle pollution in Linfen city, China, Chinese Geographical Science,23(1), 59-72 (2013) @No $ @ @ Rai P.K., Environmental magnetic studies of particulates with special reference to biomagnetic monitoring using roadside plant leaves, Atmospheric Environment,7, 113-129 (2013) @No $ @ @ Walden J., Sample collection and preparation, In J. Walden, F. Oldfield & J. P. Smith (Eds.), Environmental magnetism: a practical guide. Technical guide no. 6 (pp: 26-34) @No $ @ @  Cambridge, England: Quaternary Research Association (1999) @No $ @ @ 6.Power A.L., Worsley A.T. and Booth C., Magneto-biomonitoring of intra-urban spatial variations of particulate matter using tree leaves, Environ Geochem Health, 31, 315-325 (2009) @No $ @ @ 7.Maher B.A. and Matzka J., Magnetic biomonitoring of roadside tree leaves; identification of spatial and temporal variation in vehicle derived particulates, Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4565-4569 (1999) @No $ @ @ 8.Bucko M.S., Magiera T., Johanson B., Petrovsky E. and Pesonen L.J., Identification of magnetic particulates in road dust accumulated on roadside snow using magnetic, geochemical and micro-morphological analysis, Environmental Pollution, 159, 1266-1276 (2011) @No $ @ @ 9.Le Tertre A., Medina S., Samoli E., Forsberg B., Michelozzi P. and Boumghar A.,  Short-term effects of particulate air pollution on cardiovascular diseases in eight European cities, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,56, 773-779 (2002) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association             5210.Janssen N.A.H., Lanki T., Hoek G., Vallius M., De Hartog J.J. and Van Grieken R., Associations between ambient, personal and indoor exposure to fine particulate matter constituents in Dutch and Finnish panels of cardiovascular patients, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62, 868-877 (2005) @No $ @ @ Jerrett M., Buzzelli M., Burnett R.T. and DeLuca P.F., Particulate air pollution, social confounders, and mortality in small areas of an industrial city, Social Science and Medicine, 60, 2845-2863 (2005) @No $ @ @ 2.Rai P.K., Dust deposition capacity of certain roadside plants in Aizawl, Mizoram: Implications for environmental geomagnetic studies, In: Recent Advances in Civil Engineering S.B. Dwivedi et al. (Eds), 66-73 (2011a) @No $ @ @ 3.Rai P.K., Biomonitoring of particulates through magnetic properties of road-side plant leaves, In: Advances in Environmental Chemistry D. Tiwari (Ed.), Excel India Publishers, New Delhi, 34-37 (2011b) @No $ @ @ 4.Morawska L. and Zhang J., Combustion sources of particles. 1. Health relevance and source signatures, Chemosphere, 49, 1045-1058 (2002) @No $ @ @ 5.Englert N., Fine particles and human health—a review of epidemiological studies, Toxicology Letters, 149, 235-242 (2004) @No $ @ @ 6.Sharma K., Singh R., Barman S.C., Mishra D., Kumar R., Negi M.P.S., Mandal S.K., Kisku G.C., Khan A.H., Kidwai M.M. and Bhargava S.K., Comparison of trace metals concentration in PM10 of different location of Lucknow city, India, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 77, 419-426 (2006) @No $ @ @ 7.Rai P.K. and Panda L.S., Dust capturing potential and air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of some road side tree vegetation in Aizawl, Mizoram, India: an Indo-Burma hot spot region, Air Qual Atmos Health, 7(1), 193-101 (2014) @No $ @ @ 8.Faiz Y., Tufail M.,  Javed M.T., Chaudhry M.M. and  Siddique N., Road dust pollution of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn along Islamabad Expressway, Pakistan, Microchemical Journal, 92, 186-192 (2009) @No $ @ @ 19.Mitchell R., Maher B.A. and Kinnersley R., Rates of particulate pollution deposition onto leaf surfaces: Temporal and interspecies magnetic analyses,  Environmental Pollution, 158(5), 1472-1478 (2010) @No $ @ @ 0.Gang Y., Shouyun Hu Liwan C., Wolfgang R. and Erwin A., Magnetic properties of tree leaves and their significance in atmospheric particle pollution in Linfen City, China, Chinese Geographical Science, 23(1), 59-72 (2013) @No $ @ @ 1.Sant'Ovaia H., Lacerda M.J. and Gomes C., Particle pollution - An environmental magnetism study using biocollectors located in northern Portugal, Atmospheric Environment, 61, 340-349 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rai P.K., Panda L.S., Chutia B.M. and Singh M.M., Comparative assessment of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in the industrial (Rourkela) and non industrial area (Aizawl) of India: An eco-management approach, African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7(10), 944-948 (2013) @No $ @ @ 3.Hay K.L., Dearing J.A., Baban S.M.J. and Loveland P., A preliminary attempt to identify atmospherically derived pollution particles in English topsoils from magnetic susceptibility measurements, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 22, 207-210 (1997) @No $ @ @ 4.Maher B.A., Magnetic properties of modern soils and Quaternary loessic paleosols: paleoclimatic implications, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,137, 25- 54 (1998) @No $ @ @ 5.Hoffmann V., Knab M. and Appel E., Magnetic susceptibility mapping of roadside pollution, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 66, 313-326 (1999) @No $ @ @ 6.Shu J., Dearing J., Morse A., Yu L. and Li C., Magnetic properties of daily sampled total suspended particulates in Shanghai, Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 2393- 2400 (2000) @No $ @ @ 7.Xie S., Dearing J.A. and Bloemendal J., The organic matter content of street dust in Liverpool, UK, and its association with dust magnetic properties, Atmospheric Environment, 34, 269-275 (2000) @No $ @ @ 8.Xie S., Dearing J.A., Boyle J.F., Bloemendal J. and Morse A.P., Association between magnetic properties and element concentrations of Liverpool street dust and its implications, Journal of Applied Geophysics, 48, 83-92 (2001) @No $ @ @ 29.Jordanova N.V., Jordanova D.V., Veneva L., Yorova K. and Petrovsky E., Magnetic response of soils and vegetation to heavy metal pollution - a case study, Environmental Science and Technology, 37, 4417-4424 (2003) @No $ @ @ 0.Hanesch M., Rantitsch G., Hemetsberger S. and Scholger R., Lithological and pedological influences on the magnetic susceptibility of soil: their consideration in magnetic pollution mapping, Geophysical Journal International, 382(23), 351-363 (2007) @No $ @ @ 1.Kletetschka G., Zila V. and Wasilewski P.J., Magnetic anomalies on the tree trunks, Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica, 47, 371-379 (2003) @No $ @ @ 2.Matzka J. and Maher B.A., Magnetic biomonitoring of roadside tree leaves: identification of spatial and temporal variations in vehicle-derived particulates, Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4565-4569 (1999) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 53by Ficus infectoria: a keystone species, Ambio: A Journal on Human Environment, 34(8), 645-647 (2005) @No $ @ @ 4.Maher B.A., Mooreb C. and Matzka J.,  Spatial variation in vehicle-derived metal pollution identified by magnetic and elemental analysis of roadside tree leaves, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 364-373 (2008) @No $ @ @ 5.Maher B.A., Rain and Dust: Magnetic Records of Climate and Pollution, Elements, , 229-234 (2009) @No $ @ @ 6.Kardel F., Wuyts K., Maher B.A., Hansard R. and Samson R., Leaf saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) as a proxy for particulate matter monitoring: inter-species differences and in-season variation, Atmospheric Environment, 45, 5164-5171 (2011) @No $ @ @ 7.Prajapati S.K., Pandey S.K. and Tripathi B.D., Magnetic biomonitoring of roadside tree leaves as a proxy of vehicular pollution, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 120, 169-175 (2006) @No $ @ @ 8.Sharma A.P., Rai P.K. and Tripathi B.D., Magnetic biomonitoring of roadside tree leaves as a proxy of vehicular pollution. In: Lakshmi, Vyas (Ed.), Urban Planing and Environment: Strategies and Challenges, Mc Millan Advanced Research Series, 326-331 (2007) @No $ @ @ 39.Gautam P., Blaha U., Appel E. and Neupane G., Environmental magnetic approach towards the quantification of pollution in Kathmandu urban area, Nepal, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 29 (13e14) @No $ @ @ , 973-984 (2004) @No $ @ @ 0.Gautam P., Blaha U. and Appel E., Magnetic susceptibility of dust-loaded leaves as a proxy of traffic-related heavy metal pollution in Kathmandu city, Nepal, Atmospheric Environment, 39, 2201-2211 (2005) @No $ @ @ 1.Hansard R., Maher B.A. and Kinnersley R., Biomagnetic monitoring of industry-derived particulate pollution, Environmental Pollution, 159(6), 1673-1681(2011) @No $ @ @ 2.Champion H. and Seth S.K., A revised survey of forest types of India. Government of India Press, Delhi (1968) @No $ @ @ 3.Rai P.K., Comparative Assessment of Soil Properties after Bamboo Flowering and Death in a Tropical Forest of Indo-Burma Hot spot,  Ambio: A Journal on Human Environment,38(2), 118-120 (2009) @No $ @ @ Rai P.K.,Assessment of Multifaceted Environmental Issues and Model Development of an Indo - Burma Hot Spot Region, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184,113-131 (2012) @No $ @ @ 5.Laltlanchhuang S.K., Studies of the impact of disturbance on secondary productivity of forest ecosystem with special reference to surface, sub-surface litter insect and other non- insect groups, M.Sc. dissertation. Mizoram University (2006) @No $ @ @ 6.Maher B.A. and Thompson R., Quaternary, Climates, Environments and Magnetism Cambride University Press, 390 pp (1999) @No $ @ @ 7.Evans M.E. and Heller F., Environmental magnetism: principles and applications of enviromagnetics (International Geophysics), London: Academic Press. Elsevier, 299 (2003) @No $ @ @ 48.Dearing J., Magnetic susceptibility In Walden, J., Oldfield, F. & Smith, J. P. (Eds.), Environmental magnetism: a practical guide. Technical guide no. 6 (35-62) @No $ @ @ , Cambridge, England: Quaternary Research Association (1999) @No $ @ @ 49.Thompson R. and Oldfield F., Environmental magnetismAllen and Unwin, London, 227 pp (1986) @No $ @ @ 0.Muxworthy A. R., Matzka J., Davila A.F. and Petersen N., Magnetic signature of daily sampled urban atmospheric particles, Atmospheric Environment, 37, 4163-4169 (2003) @No $ @ @ 1.King J.W. and Channell J.E.T., Sedimentary magnetism, environmental magnetism and magnetostratigraphy, Reviews of Geophysics, 29, 358-370 (1991) @No $ @ @ 2.Thompson R., Modelling magnetization data using SIMPLEX. Phys, Earth planet. Inter, 42,113-127 (1986) @No $ @ @ 3.Robinson S.G., The late Pleistocene palaeoclimatic record of North Atlantic deep-sea sediments revealed by mineral- magnetic measurements, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 42(1-2), 22-47(1986) @No $ @ @ 4.Hu S.Y., Duan X.M., Shen M.J., Blaha U., Roesler W., Yan H.T., Appel E. and Hoffmann V., Magnetic response to atmospheric heavy metal pollution recorded by dust-loaded leaves in Shougang industrial area, western Beijing, Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(10), 1555-1564 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Ethnomedicinal Plants used by the Sonowal Kacharis of Bhekulajan Village in Dibrugarh District, Assam, NE India<#LINE#>Moromi@Talukdar<#LINE#>54-57<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-148.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Anthropology, DHSK College, Dibrugarh – 786001, Assam, INDIA<#LINE#>7/7/2014<#LINE#>th/8/2014<#LINE#>The present study briefly reports the traditional knowledge of ethnomedicinal plants utilized for primary healthcare needs by the Sonowal Kacharis of Bhekulajan village, Dibrugarh district, Assam. Data was collected through observation, interview and concrete case study method in the year 2011. 43 medicinal plant species belonging to 30 different botanical families that are used to cure 25 different diseases have been documented in the present study. Some medicinal plants associated with magico-religious methods of disease treatment are also discussed. The study reiterates the need of documentation and scientific study of the traditional ethnomedical knowledge of the tribal communities on priority basis. <#LINE#> @ @ Sajem A.L. and Gosai K., Traditional use of medicinal plants by the Jaintia tribe in North Cachar Hills district of Assam, Northeast India, J. Ethnobio. and Ethnomed., 33 2006) 2.WHO Report No 611, Guidelines for evaluation of herbal medicines. WHO Regional Office, Manila (1993) @No $ @ @ 3.Jain S.K. and Borthakur S.K., Ethnobotany of Mikirs of India, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 34264-272 (1980) @No $ @ @ 4.Bhardwaj S. and Gakhar S.K., Ethnomedicinal plants used by the tribals of Mizoram to cure cuts and wounds, Ind. J. Trad. Knowl., 4(1), 75-80 (2005) @No $ @ @ 5.Das A.K. and Tag H.,Ethnomedicinal studies of the Khamti tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, Ind. J. Trad. Knowl., 5(3), 317-322 (2006) @No $ @ @ 6.Majumdar K. and Datta B.K.,A study on ethnomedicinal usage of plants among the folklore herbalists and Tripuri medical practitioners: Part-II, Nat. Prod. Radiance, 6(1)66-73 (2007) @No $ @ @ 7.Sonowal R. and Barua I.,Ethnomedical Practices among the Tai Khamyangs of Assam, India, Studies inEthno-Medicine, 5(1)41-50 (2011) @No $ @ @ 8.Rout J., Sajem A.L. and Nath M.,Medicinal plants of North Cachar Hills district of Assam used by the Dimasa tribe, Ind. J. Trad. Knowl., 11(3)520-527 (2012) @No $ @ @ 9.Patil H.M., Ethnobotanical notes on Satpura Hills of Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(ISC-2011) @No $ @ @ , 326-328 (2012) @No $ @ @ Patil S.J. and Patil H.M., Ethno medicinal Herbal Recipes from Satpura Hill Ranges of Shirpur Tahsil, Dhule, Maharashtra, India, Res. J. Recent. Sci., 1(ISC- 2011) @No $ @ @ , 333-336 (2012) @No $ @ @ Raut S., Raut S., Sen S.K., Satpathy S. and Pattnaik D., An Ethnobotanical survey of Medicinal Plants in Semiliguda of Koraput District, Odisha, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(8), 20-30 (2013) @No $ @ @ 2.Dutta A.C., Dictionary of Economic and Medicinal plants, Khelmati, Jorhat, Assam (1985) @No $ @ @ 3.Kanjilal U.N., Kanjilal P.C., Das A. and De R.N., Flora of Assam, Osmonds Publications, New Delhi, (2005) @No
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Preliminary Survey of Heronry at Khargone, MP, India<#LINE#>@KherA.,I.@Beg<#LINE#>58-60<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-63.pdf<#LINE#>* Department of Botany, Government Holkar Science College Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>21/3/2014<#LINE#>20/7/2014<#LINE#>In the preliminary survey of heronry at four different places in Khargone city of M.P. India, 558 nests of four bird species i.e., Cattle Egret, Little Egret, Indian Shag and Little Cormorants were recorded.  Breeding was almost over in the last week of September 2011. They had selected 44 plants of 21 species. Interestingly two woody climbers Salvadora oleoides and Bougainvillea spectabilis had been preferred along with bamboo plants. <#LINE#> @ @ Petel P., Patel N. and Jat M., Survey of Heronry at Atul Chemical Industrial Complex, 40(2), 15-17 (2000) @No $ @ @ Subramanya S., Distribution, status and conservation of Indian Heronries, J. Bombay nat.Hist.Soc., 93(3), 459-486 (1996) @No $ @ @ Burnett J.H., Photographing a colony of egrets (Bubulcus ibis and Egretta garzetta) in Assam, J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc., 55, 565-566 (1959) @No $ @ @ Johnson J.M., The heronry at Koonthakulam, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(8), 1-3 (1971) @No $ @ @ Chhaya Y.H., Breeding colony of Waterbirds near Seelaj,Newsletter for Birdwatchers, 20(4), 12-13 (1980) @No $ @ @ Krishnan M., The availability of nesting materials and nesting sites as vital factors in gregarious breeding of Indian water-birds, J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc., 77, 1143-1152 (1980) @No $ @ @ Mahabal A., Heronries of Raigad District, Maharastra-a preliminary survey, J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc., 87, 137-138 (1990) @No $ @ @ Uthaman P.K., Breeding of egrets in Kerala, J. Bombay nat. hist. Soc., 87, 139 (1990) @No $ @ @ Uttangi J.C., Save the heronry at Mathikere, Newsletter for Birdwatchers, 38(6), 104-105 (1998) @No $ @ @  Mashru A., Heronries around Rajkot city, Gujrat,Newsletter for Birdwatchers, 44(5), 74-75 (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Species Diversity and Distribution of Zooplankton of Western Yamuna Canal in Yamunanagar (Haryana) India with Special Reference to Industrial Pollution<#LINE#>Priyanka@Malhotra<#LINE#>61-63<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-132.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136119, INDIA<#LINE#>29/6/2014<#LINE#>18/7/2014<#LINE#>Zooplankton are the very important part of the aquatic ecosystem serve as good indicators of changes in water quality. The present studies deals with the variations in zooplankton population in relation to industrial effluents. Three sampling points i.e. station-W1: Upstream of the canal; Station-W2: Point of influx of industrial effluents and city sewage; Station-W3: About 6 kms downstream from station W2 were selected for the investigation. The results revealed a significant (P0.05) decline in the population of zooplankton from station W1 to W2, however, a slight increase in population was observed at station W3. Species diversity also follows the same trend. Various pollution indicating physicochemical parameters have been correlated with zooplankton indicating the effect of DO, BOD and pH on zooplanktonic population and diversity. <#LINE#> @ @ Bhatnagar A., Biology of polluted waters with reference to zooplankton and fishes, Ph.D thesis submitted to Barkatullah University, Bhopal (1989) @No $ @ @ Sellner K.G., Brownlee D.C., Bundy M.H., Brownlee S.G. and Braun R.R., Zooplankton grazing in a Potomac river cyanobacteria bloom, Estuaries, 16(4), 859-872 (1993) @No $ @ @ Hassan S., Gopinat G., Din M. And Altaff  K., Qualitative and quantitative analysis of zooplankton of some important fresh water bodies of Tamilnadu and Kashmir, Jr. Exp Zoo., 12(2), 351- 355 (2009) @No $ @ @ Redmond W.A., Lead "Microsoft® Encarta® 2007 [DVD],Microsoft Corporation, 2007, (2008) @No $ @ @ Piirsoo K., Pall P., Tuvikene A. and Viik M., Temporal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton in a temperate lowland river (Emajogi, Estonia), Jr Plank Res Adv access, 1-32 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bhatnagar A., Chopra G. and Malhotra P., Assessment of water quality of river Yamuna in Yamunanagar, India with reference to planktons and macrozoobenthos, Sch. Jr. Eng. Tech., 1(4), 204-213 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shannon E.E. and Weaver W., The mathematical theory ofcommunication, University of Illinois, Press, Urhana, 117 (1963) @No $ @ @ Washington H.G., Diversity, biotic and similarity indices:A review with special relevance to aquatic ecosystems, Water Res., 18, 653-694 (1984) @No $ @ @ Banse K., Zooplankton: Pivot role in the control of ocean production, ICES, J. Marine Sci., 52, 265-277 (1995) @No $ @ @ Altaff K., Zooplankton. In: Proceedings of a manual of zooplankton (ed. Altaff K) unit of reproductive biology and live feed culture, Department of Zoology, The new college Chennai. Sponsored by UGC, New Delhi, 1-53 (2004) @No $ @ @ Pannak R.W., Fresh water invertebrates of United States, IInd ed. Wiley, Interscience, New York, 803 (1978) @No $ @ @ Cattaneo A., Asioli A., Comoli P. and Manca M., Organisms’ response in a chronically polluted lake supports hypothesized link between stress and size, Limn and Ocean., 43(8), 1938-1943 (1998) @No $ @ @ Walseng B., Yan N.D. and Schartan A.K., Microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) indicators of acidification in Canadian shield lakes, AMBIO: Jr Human Envir., 32(3), 208-213 (2003) @No $ @ @ Marglef R., Perspectives in ecological theory. Chicago Univ. Press, Chicago (1968) @No $ @ @ Trivedi R.C., Use of diversity index in evaluation of water quality. WHO workshop on biological indicator and indices of environmental pollution, Cent.Bd. Prev. Cont. Water Poll/ Osm.Univ., Hyderabad, India, 175-188 (1981) @No $ @ @ Bhatnagar A,Garg S.K., Environmental impact assessment in river Ghaggar in Haryana, Journal Nat cons., 10(2), 215-224 (1998) @No
<#LINE#>Management of Hazardous Waste - Opium Marc<#LINE#>Soniya@Sharma<#LINE#>64-66<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-137.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemical Sciences, Christian Eminent Academy, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>27/6/2014<#LINE#>30/7/2014<#LINE#>In order to get valuable drugs from the opium, the process starts with its filtration of aqueous solution. Opium marc is the solid waste left after filtration of opium broth through filter aid and falls under the category of Hazardous Waste. In comparison with other disposal techniques like incineration and landfill, co-processing is more preferred option in the waste management system as it does not leave residues that pose detrimental effects on the environment. Thus, for effective waste management, co-processing is a best solution for ecological sustainability. Co-processingof hazardous waste opium marc can be effective, environmental friendly, energy recovering and safe technology for its management. <#LINE#> @ @ HW (MHTM) Rules 2008. Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, Delhi, Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). http://www.legalpundits.com/Content_folder/Haz07112008.pdf (2008) @No $ @ @ Shukla B.P., Dave S, Bala S.S., Gupta P.K., Sharma B K, Basu D. D., Kamyotra J. S. Guidelines on Co-processing in Cement/Power/Steel Industry, CPCB http://www.cpcb.nic.in/divisionsofheadoffice/hwmd/Latest_51_Latest_51_GUIDELINES-ON_CO-Processingin Cement.pdf(2010) @No $ @ @ Zeng X., Sun Q., Huo B., Wan H. and Jing C., Integrated Solid Waste Management under Global Warming, The Open Waste Management Journal, , 13-17 (2010) @No $ @ @ Braxton J.,Waste Disposal Management - 3 Methods for Waste Disposal, http://ezinearticles.com/?Waste-Disposal-Management---3-Methods-For-Waste-Disposal & id = 4065087 (2014) @No $ @ @ Gautam S.P., Jain R.K., Mohapatra B.N., Joshi S.M. and Gupta R.M., Energy recovery from solid waste in Cement Rotary Kiln & its Environmental impacts,in proceeding of the ICSW 2009 The 24th Internatioanal Conference on Solid Waste Technology and Management, March 15- 18,2009, Philadalphia, PA U.S.A. (2009) @No $ @ @ Agnihotri A., Luharia O.P. and Banerjee S., Solid Waste Management in Govt. Opium & Alkaloid Works, Neemuch (M.P.): Use of Incinerator for environment friendly disposal of Factory Solid Waste or Marc, and Registration of the Filter Aid for Recycling in the Process House, Res.J.Chem.Environ, 5(1), March (2001 ) @No $ @ @ Mohapatra B.N., Vyas S. K. and Shekhar C.,  Indian Experience Of Using AFR In Cement Kiln, in proceeding of the 13th NCB International Seminar and Exhibition on Cement and Building Materials, 19-22 November 2013, Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, India (2013) @No $ @ @ Bolwerk R., Co-processing of Waste & energy efficiency by Cement Plant, Council Government Munster Domplatz,1-4,D48128Munster. http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/umweltthemen/industrie/ippc_konferenz/bolwerk.pdf (2014) @No $ @ @ Bundela P. S., Chakrawarty M. and Gautam S.P., Co-Processing Trial of Spent Carbon at Wadi Cement Works Karnataka, Am. J. Environ. Sci., 6(4), 371-378 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gautam S.P., Bundela P. S., Jain R.K. and Padmanabhan V., Co-Incineration Of Textile ETP Sludge In Captive Power House Boiler, Rec. Res. Sci. Tech., 3(4), 105-113 (2011) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) Based Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) at Mirzapur: A Review<#LINE#>P@Namrata,@ey,Dubey@SwatantraKumar<#LINE#>67-71<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-86.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras, UP, INDIA@Dept. of Environmental Sci., School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Distt. Ajmer, Rajasthan-305 801, INDIA <#LINE#>1/5/2014<#LINE#>15/6/2014<#LINE#>At present, there are many UASB plants that are in operation in India and some are in developing phase which will made next 3 to 4 years. UASB reactor design and construction in past was shows quite different and the very first 5 MLD treatment capacities plant that were demonstrated and constructed at Kanpur, India under the Ganga Action Plan in 80’s. This paper was reviews overall UASB technology in Mirzapur, India. UASB technology potential was shows in developing countries for future use on the bases of evaluation of life cycle cost of UASB. UASB’s plant used for waste water treatment and it is most favourable methods. Waste water treatment plants have challenges to treat the excess sludge and disposal of sludge and it was economically, environmentally supported. For using UASB technology to explore, develop and reduce sludge production though biologically process. This paper reviews the mechanism of sludge reduction by UASB plants. By using the cost analysis and environmental impact assessment to reduce the sludge and its practical approach to treat the water through UASB process.<#LINE#> @ @ Nighojkar Abhineet and ER.D. Dohare,. Physico-Chemical Parameters for Testing of Present Water Quality of Khan River at Indore, India,  International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(4), 74-81 (2014) @No $ @ @ Ilyas M., Ahmad A., Ghazi A.Z., M. Sohail, Arif M. and Khan U.Z., Investigation of the activity of sawdust as biosorbent towards Cr (VI) removal from waste water: Kinetic and thermodynamic studies,  International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(4), 5-12 (2014) @No $ @ @ Thoker F.A., Manderia S. and Manderia K., Impact of Dye Industrial Effluent on Physicochemical Characteristics of Kshipra River, Ujjain City, India, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(2), 41-45 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rogers H.R., Sources, behaviour and fate of organic contaminants during sewage treatment and in sewage sludges, Sci. Total Environ., 185, 3–26 (1996) @No $ @ @ Boehm A.B., Grant S.B., Kim J.H., Mowbray S.L., Mcgee C.D., Clark C.D., Foley D.M., Wellman D.E., Decadal and shorter period variability of surf zone water quality at Huntington Beach California, Environ. Sci. Technol.,36(18), 3685–3692 (2002) @No $ @ @ Campolo M., Andreussi P. and Soldati A., Water quality control in the river Arno, Water Res., 36, 2673–2680 (2002) @No $ @ @ Tara V., Yadav A.V.S. and Bose P., Analysis of photosynthetic activity in the most polluted stretch of river Ganga, Water Res., 37, 67–77 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lettinga G., Velson Van A.F.M,, Hobma S.W., W. de Zeeuw and Klapwijka A., Use of Upflow Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor Concept for Biological Wastewater Treatment Especially of Anaerobic Treatment, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 22, 699-734 (1980) @No $ @ @ Gray N.F., Biology of wastewater treatment, UK: Oxford University Press, (1989) @No $ @ @ Nobuyuki Sato, Tsutomu Okubo, Takashi Onodera, Lalit K. Agrawal, Akiyoshi Ohashia, Hideki Harad, Economic evaluation of sewage treatment processes in India, Journal of Environmental Management, 84, 447-460 (2007) @No $ @ @ MoEF, Management Information System, Technical Report, National River Conservation Directorate, Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, India (2005 and 2006)12.Patil P.N., Sawant D.V. and Deshmukh R.N., Physicochemical parameters for testing of water – A review, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(3),(2012) @No $ @ @ 3.Singh A. and Singh D., Cd Contaminated Water treatment via Chitosan, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(5), 81-83 (2012) @No
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Issues of empowerment of local people for Ecotourism Development: A Case Study: Shir-Ahmad wildlife refuge-Iran<#LINE#>R.@Behzad,@JaybhayeR.G.,P.G.@Saptarshi<#LINE#>72-76<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-116.pdf<#LINE#>1 Department of Environmental Science, University of Pune, INDIA Department of Geography, University of Pune, INDIA <#LINE#>7/6/2014<#LINE#>13/7/2014<#LINE#>The current study aims to explore the feasibility of ecotourism for development of environment of ShirAhmad wildlife refuge with empowerment of local people. The researcher found that the study region since the last decade have been facing the challenging circumstances such as drought, degradation of farm land, heat wave, pests and etc. and which have adverse impact on degradation of postural production and raise the issue of  livelihood of the locals people. This situation forced them to go after illegal hunting of fauna in their wildlife and destruction of pastures. The study has pointed out that Shir Ahmad wildlife refuge has a great potential for ecotourism and can attract a lot of tourist each year who are seeking for the great feeling of being surrounded by the nature, based on its nature and existing animal species. Results of this paper are based on survey method (questionnaire). This research study revealed that the local residents have low level of education of their surrounding area. As a matter of fact studies like this in over the world revealed; ecotourism can bring wealth and different job opportunities for the resident of these regions especially local people. On the other hand it has generate positive effect on the agricultural land, reduction of animal hunting and destruction of green species in the region, while encouraging local people to protect the environment. This study revealed that the needs for more detail investigation on the nature and scope of environmental education in ShirAhmad refuge in relation to ecotourism and its results in economic development and environmental protection. <#LINE#> @ @ Amaro B., Ecotourism and Ethics. Earth Island J., 14(3),33-52 (1999) @No $ @ @ Belsky M.J., The Politics of Community-Based Rural Ecotourism in Gales Point Manatee, Belize, Rural Sociological Society, 64(2), , 641-666 (1999) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 763.Jones Samantha, Annals of Tourism Research, 32(2), 303–324, Elsevier Ltd. Britain (2005) @No $ @ @ Bridgewater P., (a), New approaches needed to Environmental Education and Public Awareness, Prospects, XXXIII, 263–272 (2003) @No $ @ @ Behzad R., Feasibility of ecotourism for conservation of environment and economic incentives. A case study: the Shir-Ahmad wildlife refuge-Iran, Ph.D. Theses, 45-63, University of Pune-India (2014) @No $ @ @ Khan Maryam M., 1997, Tourism Development and Dependency Theory: Mass Tourism vs. Ecotourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 988-991 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ranjith Bandara and Clem Tisdell, (a) Comparison of Rural and Urban Attitudes to the Conservation of Asian Elephants in Sri Lanka, Biological Conservation, 110, 327-342 (2003) @No $ @ @ Streever W., Callaghan-Perry J.M., Searles A., Stevens T. and Svoboda P., Public attitudes and values for wetland conservation in New South Wales, Australia, Journal of Environmental Management, (54), 1-14, (1998) @No $ @ @ Hanemann M.W., (a), Welfare evaluation in contingent valuation experiments with discrete responses, American Journal of Agricultural economics, 66(3), 332-41 (1984) @No $ @ @ Rawat G.S. and V.K. Uniyal, Pastoralism and plant conservation: The valley of flowers dilemma, Environment Conservation, 20(2), 164–167 (1993) @No $ @ @ Machlis G. and Bacci M.E., Is ecotourism ideologically biased, elitist, short-sighted, anti-democratic and unsustainable? International Union For Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) IV World Conference on National Parks and Protected Areas, Caracas, Venezuela, February, 10-12 (1992) @No $ @ @ Campbell L.M., Conservation narratives and the received wisdom of ecotourism: case studies from Costa Rica,International Journal of Sustainable Development, 5(3), 300-325 (2002) @No $ @ @ Bridgewater P., (b) New approaches needed to Environmental Education and Public Awareness, Prospects, XXXIII, 263–272 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hanemann M.W., (b), Welfare evaluation in contingent valuation experiments with discrete responses, American Journal of Agricultural economics, 66(3), 332-41 (1984) @No $ @ @ Ranjith Bandara and Clem Tisdell., (b), Comparison of Rural and Urban Attitudes to the Conservation of Asian Elephants in Sri Lanka, Biological Conservation, 110, 327-342 (2003) @No $ @ @ Wunder S., Payments for environmental services: some nuts and bolts. CIFOR Occasional Paper No. 42. Center for International Forestry Research, Jakarta, Indonesia, (2005) @No
<#LINE#>Analysis of Potential Outcome-based Indicators for assessing the Biodiversity status of Managed Forests: A case study of Delawari Range, Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary, MP, India<#LINE#>@SharmaRavi,A.K.@Bhattacharya<#LINE#>77-85<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-147.pdf<#LINE#>Indian Institute of Forest Management, PO Box 357, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal,  MP, INDIA Madhya Pradesh State Bamboo and Bamboo Crafts Development Board, Madhya Pradesh Government, Forest Department, Khel Parisar, 74 Bungalows, Bhopal, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>5/7/2014<#LINE#>9/8/2014<#LINE#>The paper deals with the application and analysis of the potential outcome-based indicators of biodiversity in Delawari Range under Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS). The work examines the feasibility of identifying appropriate indicators to monitor and assess biodiversity, focusing on the usefulness of selected biotic parameters as surrogate measures of different aspects of biodiversity in managed forests, especially the protected areas, where external pressures like illicit grazing, forest fires, tourism, mechanical disturbances etc., have a combined effect on the persistence of biodiversity. A combination of structural (physiognomy and associated structures) and compositional indicators (indicator species or species group) is selected which is appropriate to the aims of management and to the present scenario of forests. For each outcome, relevant key biodiversity surrogates like vegetation cover, vegetation diversity, structural complexity and naturalness were identified and were assessed the ecological functions of those surrogates along with the panel of experts. Set of field -based indicators were used for assessing the condition of biodiversity in the Delawari range along with the usual biodiversity measuring techniques like survey and sampling techniques and biotic survey forms for the listing of IVI-, Plant Species richness and composition, Faunal status etc. Questionnaire method, group discussion and Noise level determination (Decibel meter) were extensively used for assessing present scenario of the range which will help in obtaining existing biodiversity data for the region, identify the significant biodiversity components and significant measures. These indicators will provide a benchmark so that if future conditions are projected, they can be related to alternative management scenarios and an appropriate system for monitoring can be put in place to detect any changes or trends in biodiversity. <#LINE#> @ @ Noss R.F.,Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: a hierarchical approach, Conservation Biology,, 355- 364 (1990) @No $ @ @ Ratcliffe D.A, Biodiversity in Britain’s Forests.The Forest Authority, Eidinburgh (1968) @No $ @ @ Ferris R. and Humphrey J.W., A review of potential biodiversity indicators for application in British forests, Forestry, 72(4), (1999) @No $ @ @ Hunt L., Fisher A., Kutt A. and Mazzer T., Biodiversity monitoring in the rangelands: A way forward, Vol. 1, report to Environment Australia, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Alice Springs (2006) @No $ @ @ Suter G.W.,Applicability of indicator monitoring to ecological risk assessment, Ecological Indicators, 1, 101–112 (2001) @No $ @ @ Sakar S. and Margules C.,Operationalising biodiversity for conservation planning, Bioscience,27, 229–308 (2002) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association             85to Environment Australia, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Alice Springs (2003) @No $ @ @ James C.D., Biodiversity monitoring in rangelands. In: Conference papers, Australian Rangeland Society 13th Biennial Conference. (Eds Bastin G, Walsh D and Nicolson S. Alice Springs, NT. July 2004, (2004) @No $ @ @ Karr J.R. and Dudley D.R.,Ecological perspectives on water quality goals, Environmental Management, 5, 55–68 (1981) @No $ @ @ Majer J.D. and Beeston G.,The biodiversity integrity index: an illustration using ants in Western Australia, Conservation Biology,10, 65–73 (1996) @No $ @ @ Cornforth I.S., Selecting indicators for assessing sustainable land management, Jr of Envl Manag., 56, 173-179 (1999) @No $ @ @ Dale V.H. and Beyeler S.C., Challenges in the development and use of ecological indicators, Ecological Indicators, , 3–10  (2001) @No $ @ @ Carignan V. and Villard M-A., Selecting indicator species to monitor ecological integrity: A review, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,78,  45-61 (2002) @No $ @ @ Read J.L., Kovac K.J. and Fatchen T.J., ‘Biohyets’: A Holistic method for demonstrating the extent and severity of environmental impacts, Jr of Envl Manag., 77, 157–164, (2005) @No $ @ @ Schulze E.D. and Mooney H.A.,Ecosystem function of biodiversity: a summary, In Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function. 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