@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Harmful effects of Fungicide Treatment on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seedlings<#LINE#>Tasneem@Rangwala,@BafnaAngurbala,R.S.@Maheshwari<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-132.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore-452017, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>13/6/2013<#LINE#>21/6/2013<#LINE#>Fungicides, weedicides, insecticides etc. are all pesticides used for protection of plant. A fungicide is a group of pesticide that controls fungal disease by either inhibiting or killing the fungus that causes the disease. Fungicides are generally used for increasing yield of crop but they can induce biochemical changes in seedlings which may not be beneficial. Therefore the study was conducted to know the harmful effect of carbendazim which is a benziimidazole group fungicide on biochemical parameters of wheat seedlings. The biochemical parameters studied were protein, carbohydrate, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and alkaline protease activity. Five different concentration of fungicide were used viz. 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg/l. Protein, carbohydrate, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b were found to decrease with increase in concentration of fungicide. However alkaline protease activity was increased with increase in concentration of fungicide. Maximum decrease in protein (– 62.49%), carbohydrate (– 62.5%), total chlorophyll (-57.44%), chlorophyll a (-47.89%) and chlorophyll b (-63.44%) and maximum increase in alkaline protease activity (152%) was obtained at highest studied concentration of fungicide i.e. 2500 mg/l. From the present study it was concluded that presence of fungicide exert harmful effect on the biochemical parameters of wheat seedlings. <#LINE#> @ @ Pratap V. and Sharma Y.K., Impact of osmotic stress on seed germination and seedling growth in black gram (Phaseolus mungo), J. Envi. Bio., 31(5), 721-726 (2010) @No $ @ @ Prakasha N.R. and Murthy T.C.S., Seed germination and physiological behavior of maize (cv.Nac -6002)seedling under Abiotic Stress (Pendamethalin) Condition, Asian J. of Crop Sci., 4(2), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kabir M., Iqbal M.Z., Shafiq M. and Farooqi Z.R., Reduction in germination and seedling growth of Thespesia populnea caused by lead and cadmium treatments, Pak. J. Bot., 40(6), 2419-2426, (2008) @No $ @ @ Layne E., Methods Enzymol, (eds. Colowick S.P. and Kalpan N.O.) Academic Press, New York, . 447-466, (1957) @No $ @ @ Hedge J.E. and Hofreiter B.T., Carbohydrates Chemistry, (eds. R.L. Whistler and J.N. BeMiller) Academic press, New York, 17(1962) @No $ @ @ Sadasivam S. and Manickam A.,In: Biochemical Methods for Agricultural Sciences. Willey Eastern Limited. New Delhi, 184-185, (1992) @No $ @ @ Davis N.C. and Smith E.L., Method Biochem. Anal.  ,215-217, (1953) @No $ @ @ Person C.D. , Sambroski J., Forysth F.R., The effect of BZI on detached wheat leaves. Can J Bot .,180,1294-1295, (1957) @No $ @ @ Aamil M., Zaidi A. and Khan M.S., Fungicidal impact on chickpea Mesorhizobium symbiosis, J Environ Sci Health ., 39(5-6), 779-90, (2004) @No $ @ @ Vidyasagar G.M., Kotresha D., Sreenivasa N. and Karnam R., Role of endosulfan in mediating stress responses in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, J. Environ. Biol., 30(2), 217-220, (2009) @No $ @ @ Liu W., Li P., Zhou Q., Sun T., Tai P., Xu H., Short-term toxic effects of chlorobenzenes on broadbean (Vicia faba) seedlings, Sci China c Life Sci., 48(1),33-9, (2005) @No $ @ @ Xia X.J., Huang Y.Y., Wang L., Pesticides-induced depression of photosynthesis was alleviated by 24-epibrassinolide pretreatment in Cucumis sativus L., Pesticide Biochem. and Physio.. 86(1), 42–48, (2006) @No $ @ @ Zhang Y.J., Zhang X.,   Chen C.J.,  Zhou M.G.,  Wang H.C., Effects of fungicides JS399-19, azoxystrobin, tebuconazloe, and carbendazim on the physiological and biochemical indices and grain yield of winter wheat. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 98(2), 151–157, (2010) @No $ @ @ Siddiqui Z.S. and Ahmed S., Effects of Systemic Fungicides on Protein, Carbohydrate, Amino Acids and Phenolic Contents of Susceptible (Mexipak) and Resistant(Povan) Varieties of Triticum Aestivum L., Turk J Bot., 26, 127-130, (2002) @No $ @ @ Ahmed A.M., Heikal M.D. and Hindway O.S., Side effects of benomyl (fungicide) treatments on sunflower, cotton and cowpea plants. Phyton (Austria), 23 (2), 185—195, (1983) @No $ @ @ García P.C., Rivero R.M., Ruiz J.M., and Romero L., “The role of fungicides in the physiology of higher plants: implications for defense responses,” Botanical Review. 69(2), 162–172, (2003) @No $ @ @ Saladin G., Magné C. and Clément C., Effects of fludioxonil and pyrimethanil, two fungicides used against Botrytis cinerea, on carbohydrate physiology in Vitis vinifera L., Pest Management Sci.,59(10), 1083–1092, (2003) @No $ @ @ Iersel M.V. and Bugbee B., Phytotoxic Effects of Benzimidazole Fungicides on Bedding Plants. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 121(6),1095–1102, (1996) @No 
<#LINE#>Adsorption of basic Dye from Aqueous Solution using HCl Treated Saw Dust (Lagerstroemia microcarpa): Kinetic, Modeling of Equilibrium, Thermodynamic, INDIA<#LINE#> Srinivas M.@Kini ,M.B.@Saidutta,V.R.C.@Murty,Sandip V.@Kadoli<#LINE#>6-16<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-133.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal-576 104, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal -576 104, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>14/6/2013<#LINE#>28/6/2013<#LINE#>In this work, experiments were conducted to explore the potential of saw dust activated with hydrochloric acid (ASD) as adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal. The influence of different variables like solution pH, MB concentration, contact period and ASD dosage were studied. Adsorption data were better fitted to the second order kinetics. Experimental equilibrium data were analyzed by various established isotherms and Langmuir isotherm was found to be better fitted one. Thermodynamic parameters like Gibbs free energy (G), change in enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) were estimated and the adsorption of MB onto ASD was found to be exothermic and favorably influenced by decrease in the temperature. A mathematical model for MB transported by molecular diffusion from the solution to the surface of ASD was derived and the values of liquid phase diffusivity and external mass transfer coefficient were estimated. <#LINE#> @ @ Crini G., Non-conventional low cost adsorbent for dye removal: A review, Bioresour. Technol., 97, 1061-1085 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohan N., Balasubramanian N. and Basha C.A., Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse, J. Hazard. Mater., 147, 644–651(2007) @No $ @ @ Pearce C.I., Lloyd J.R. and Guthrie J.T., The removal of colour from textile wastewater using whole bacterial cell: a review, Dyes and Pigments, 58179-196(2003) @No $ @ @ Butani N., Chelliah P., Shah S., Randive B., Patel P., Microbial decolorization of disperse textile dye brown   21 by Enterbacter gergoviae isolated from textile effluents, Int.Res.J.Env.Sci., 2(5), 31-36(2013) @No $ @ @ Senthilkumaar S., Varadarajan P. R., Porkodi K. andSubbhuraam C. V., Adsorption of methylene blue onto jute fiber carbon: kinetics and equilibrium studies, J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 284, 78-82 (2005) @No $ @ @ Song J., Zon W., Bian Y., Su F. and Han R., Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue by peanut husk in batch and column modes, Desalination, 265,119-125 (2011) @No $ @ @ Salleh M.A.M., Mahmoud D.K., Abdul Karim W.A.W.,Idris A., Cationic and anionic adsorption by agricultural  solid wastes: A comprehensive review, Desalination, 280,1-13 (2011) @No $ @ @ Abeer A. and Ghadir A.E., Adsorption of citric acid rom aqueous solution onto activated P. Lentiscus leaves, Int.Res.J.Env.Sci., 1(4), 7-13(2012) @No $ @ @ Garg V.K., Gupta R., Yadav A.B. and Kumar R., Dye removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on treated sawdust, Bioresour. Technol., 89, 121–124 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hameed B.H., Ahmad A.L. and Latiff K.N.A., Adsorption of basic dye (methylene blue) onto activated carbon prepared from rattan sawdust, Dyes and Pigments, 75 , 143-149 (2007) @No $ @ @ Batzias F.A. and Sidiras D.K., Simulation of methylene blue adsorption by salts-treated beech sawdust in batch and fixed-bed systems, J. Hazard. Mater.,149, 8–17(2007) @No $ @ @ Janos P. and Coskun S., Removal of basic (Methylene Blue) and acid (Egacid Orange) dyes from waters by sorption on chemically treated wood shavings, Bioresource Technology,100, 1450–1453(2009) @No $ @ @ Ferrero F., Dye removal by low cost adsorbents: Hazelnut shells in comparison with wood sawdust, J. Hazard. Mater., 142 144–152 (2007) @No $ @ @ Garg V.K., Amita M., Kumar R. and Gupta R., Basic dye (methylene blue) removal from simulated wastewater by adsorption using Indian Rosewood sawdust: a timber industry waste. Dyes Pigments ,63, 243–250( 2004) @No $ @ @ Abd El-Latif M.M., Ibrahim A.M. and El-Kady M.F., Adsorption Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of methylene blue from aqueous solutions using biopolymer oak sawdust composite, J. American Sci., 6(6) 263-287 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gong R., Liu X. and Feng M., Comparative study of Methylene blue sorbed on crude and monosodium Gultamate Functionalized Saw dust, J. Health Sci., 54(6)623-628 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bodiralau R. and Teaca C.A., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis of lignocellulose fillers treated with organic anhydrides, Romanian J. Phys., 54(1-2), 93-104(2009) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C., Prabha D. and Kumutha M., Removal of direct red and acid brilliant blue by adsorption on to banana pith, Bioresour. Technol., 64, 77-79(1998) @No $ @ @ Mane V.S. and Vijay Babu P.V., Studies on the adsorption of Brilliant Green dye from aqueous solution onto low-cost NaOH treated saw dust, Desalination, 273, 321–329(2011) @No $ @ @ Kumar K.V. and Porkodi K., Mass transfer, kinetics and equilibrium studies for the biosorption of methylene blue using Paspalum notatum, J. Hazard Mater, 146 , 214–226(2007) @No $ @ @ Bulut Y. and Aydin H., A kinetics and thermodynamics study of methylene blue adsorption on wheat shells,Desalination, 194, 259–267(2006) @No $ @ @ Qiu H., Lu L.V., Pan B., Zhang Q., Zhang W, Zhang Q. Critical review in adsorption kinetic models, J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A, 10(5),716-724(2009) @No $ @ @ Foo K.Y. and Hameed B.H., Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems, Chemical Eng. Journal,156, 2–10 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kumar K.V., Porkodi K., Rocha F., Isotherms and thermodynamics by linear and non-linear regression analysis for the sorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon: comparison of various error functions, J. Hazard. Mater., 151, 794–804(2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Sediment Quality and Seasonal Variation of Trace Metal in Tamirabarani Estuary, East Coast of Tamilnadu, India <#LINE#>A@Chandrasekaran,M.V.@Mukesh,P.@Anantharaman,M.@Tamilselvi,R.@Muthukumarasamy,H.M.@Sabeen<#LINE#>17-23<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-134.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, INDIA @  Department of Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar Tamilnadu, INDIA @ Department of Geology, Government College, Kariavattam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, INDIA <#LINE#>14/6/2013<#LINE#>10
/7/2013<#LINE#>The physical parameters and heavy metals along the tributaries of Tamirabarani River are studied. Nearly sixteen water and sediment samples are collected along the tributaries in and around Mukkani and river mouth. Physical parameters like pH (7.8-9.5), Ec, (468-27950), TH (40-5920), TDS (303-33050) and  trace metals in sediment samples like Cu(2.2-59.89 g g-1), Ni (1.88-70.59 g g-1),Cr (6.67-145.5 g g-1), Cd (1.41-19.26 g g-1), Pb,(3.48-46.05 g g-1) and zinc (9.3-81.12 g -1). The constant variation of metals in sediment and water samples is due to the linking of industrial and un-classified anthropogenic influences. The combined and collective consequences go in front to a serious risk to the entire estuarine environment. <#LINE#> @ @ McKnight D.M., Kimball B.A. and Bencala K.E., Iron photo reduction and oxidation in acidic mountain stream, Science,240, 637–640 (1988) @No $ @ @ Fuller C.C. and Davies J.A., Influence of coupling of sorption and photosynthesis processes on trace element cycle in natural water, Nature,340, 52-54 (1989) @No $ @ @ Forstener U. and Wittman G.T.W., Metal pollution in aquatic environment. Springer Verlag, New York, (1979) @No $ @ @ Milliman J.D. and Meade R.H., Worldwide delivery of river sediments to the oceans, J. Geol., 91, 1–21 (1983) @No $ @ @ Nyangababo J.T. and Henry E., Omutange, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Manganese and Zinc in wetland water of Victoria lake Basin, East Africa, Bull. Environ. Contam. 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Trace Substances and Health, Marcell Dekker Incorporation, New York and Basel, 319-357 (1976) @No $ @ @ Sulochana B. and Muniyandi K., Hydrographic parameters off Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay during an year of abnormal rainfall, J.Mar. Biol. Ass. India,47(2), 198-200 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sudaramanickam A., Sivakumar T., Kumaran R., Ammaiappan V. and Velappan R., A comparative study of Physico-chemical investigation along Parangipettai and Cuddalore coast, Jour. Environ. Sci. Tech., 1(1), 1-10 (2008) @No $ @ @ Soundarapandian P., Premkumar T. and Dinakaran G.K., Studies on the Physico-chemical Characteristic and Nutrients in the Uppanar Estuary of Cuddalore, South East Coast of India, Curr. Res. J. Biol. Sci., 1(3), 102-105 (2009) @No $ @ @ Rajiv P., Hasna Abdul Salam, Kamaraj M., Rajeshwari Sivaraj and Sankar A., Physico Chemical and Microbial Analysis of Different River Waters in Western Tamil Nadu, India, Research Journal of Environment Sciences,1(1), 2-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhembare A.J., Gungal B.S. and Pondhe G.M., Assessment of ground water quality in Kolar area Dist, Ahmednagar (M.S.) India, Eco. Enu and Con., 8(3), 293-295 (2002) @No $ @ @ Manimaran D., Groundwater Geochmistry Study Using GIS in and Around Vallanadu Hills,Tamilnadu, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(7), 52-58 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jonathan M.P., Sarkar S.K., Roy P.D., Alam M.A., Chatterjee M., Bhattacharya B.D., Bhattacharya A. and Satpathy K.K., Acid leachable trace metals in sediment cores from Sunderban Mangrove wetland, India: an approach towards regular monitoring, Ecotoxicology,19, 405-418 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kumerasan S., Vinithkumar N.V., Balasubramanian T. and Subramanian A.N., Trace metals (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in sediments from the Gulf of Mannar region, southeast coast of India, Ind. Jour. of Marine Sciences,27, 256-258 (1998) @No $ @ @ Larsen P.F., Marine Environmental quality of Gulf marine, Rev. Aquatic Sci., 6(1), 67–87 (1992) @No $ @ @ Bothner M.H., Buchholtzten B.M., Manheim F.T., Metals in surface sediments of Boston harbor changes with time, Marine Environmental Research,45, 17-155 (1998) @No $ @ @ Fukushima K., Saino T. and Kodama Y., Trace metal contamination in Tokyo bay, Japan, Science of the Total Environment, 125, 373-389 (1992) @No $ @ @ Ramanathan A.L., Subramaniam V., Ramesh R., Chidambaram S. and James A., Environmental geochemistry of the Pichavaram mangrove ecosystem (Tropical), southeast coast of India, Environmental Geology, 37, 223-233 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ranjan R.K., Ramanathan A.L., Singh G. and Chidambaram S., Assessment of metal enrichments in tsunamigenic sediments of Pichavaram mangroves, Southeast coast of India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 147, 389-411(2008) @No $ @ @ Sarin M.M., Borole D.V. and Krishnaswami S., Geochemistry and geochronology of sediments from the Bay of Bengal and the equatorial Indian Ocean, Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, 88, 131-154 (1979) @No $ @ @ Raj S.M. and Jayaprakash M., Distribution and enrichment of trace metals in marine sediments of Bay of Bengal, off Ennore, south-east coast of India, Environmental Geology, 56, 207-217 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bindu S., Krishankumar P.K., Prema D., Kaladharan P., Valsala K.K., Bhat G.S. and Muniyandi K., Trace metal contamination of the marine environment in Palk bay and Gulf of Mannar, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India,49, 12-18 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kannan R., Ganesan M., Govindasamy C., Rajendran K., Sampath P. and Kannan L., Tissue of heavy metals in seagrasses of the Palk bay, Bay of Bengal, International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 18, 29-34 (1992) @No $ @ @ Govindasamy C., Kannan L. and Azariah J., Trace metal distribution in sediments of the Coromandel Coast, Bay of Bengal. In: Iyer, C.S.P. (Ed.), Advances in Environmental Sciences, Educational Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 53-62 (1997) @No $ @ @ Hema A., Richardmohan D., Srinivasalu S. and Selvaraj K., Trace metals in the sediment cores of estuary and tidal zones between Chennai and Pondicherry, along the east coast of India, Indian Journal of Marine Sciences, 31, 141-149 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ramesh R. and Subramanian V., Temporal, spatial and size variation in the sediment transport of Krishna River Basin, India, Journal of Hydrology, 98, 53-65 (1988) @No $ @ @ Ananthan G., Ganesan M., Sampathkumar P., Mathevanpillai M. and Kannan L., Distribution of trace metals in water, sediment and plankton of the Vellar estuary, Seaweed Research and Utilization,15, 69-75 (1992) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Fluoride Exposure on Key Enzymes Activity of Protein - Carbohydrate Metabolism in Gills of Fresh Water Fish Tilapia mossambica, Keenjhar Lake, Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan<#LINE#>F.@Aziz,Y.@Akhtar,B.@Bilal,N.@Parveen<#LINE#>24-27<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-140.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biochemistry, Jinnah University for Women, 5-C Nazimabad, Karachi – 74600, PAKISTAN @ Department of Botany, Jinnah University for Women, 5- C Nazimabad, Karachi – 74600, PAKISTAN @ Biochemistry Department, University of Karachi, Karachi - 75270, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>18/6/2013<#LINE#>30
/6/2013<#LINE#>The effect of fluoride on the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in gills of fresh water fish Tilapia mossambica, collected from Keenjhar Lake, Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan at sub-lethal concentration of fluoride was measured. Fluoride is a very common non-metallic trace element found in earth’s crust. It is abundant in our environment but is rarely found in elementary state in nature. Fluoride is known as an inhibitor of various enzymes like lipases, phosphatases and esterases. It disrupts fatty acid oxidation and also inhibits the enzyme activity of acyl-Co-A synthetase, involved in lipid metabolism. Results showed that enzyme activities were significantly altered upon exposure to fluoride due to which protein-carbohydrate metabolism was disturb. Changes in three biomarkers, key enzymes of protein-carbohydrate were related to metabolism of fish at sub-lethal concentration of fluoride. The carbohydrate concentration initially increases and later decreases with the time while a significant depletion of total protein and lipids in gills tissue were observed (p  0.001). It was concluded that fluoride produce toxic effect on physiology of fish gill, which may be associated with increased ionic permeability to gill surface. <#LINE#> @ @ Environment Canada and Health Canada, Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Priority Substances List Assessment Report, Inorganic Fluorides, Ottawa, ON, (1993) @No $ @ @ Camargo J.A., Fluoride toxicity to aquatic organisms: a review, Chemosphere, 50, 251-264 (2003) @No $ @ @ Aziz F., Study of physiological and biochemical parameters of farm raised fish with toxicants [Ph.D. Dissertation], Jinnah University for Women, Pakistan (2012) @No $ @ @ O'Riordan J., Water Quality: Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Fluoride, Overview Report. Environment Management Act, 1981, Ministry of Environment, (1990) @No $ @ @ Bonga S.E.W. and Lock R.A.C., Netherlands, J. Zool., 42, 478 (1991) @No $ @ @ Chitra T., Reddy M.M. and Ramna Rao J.V.R., Levels of muscle and liver tissue enzymes in Channa punctatus Bloch exposed to NaF, Fluoride, 16, 48-51 (1983) @No $ @ @ Gupta R., Pathophysiological Consequences to Fresh Water Fish Channa punctatus Induced by Fluoride [Ph.D. Dissertation], Lucknow: University of Lucknow, India,(2003) @No $ @ @ Chinoy N.J. and Solomon S.M., Studies on Toxicity of Some Environmental Agents in Mice [MPhil Dissertation], Ahmedabad: Gujarat University, India (1988) @No $ @ @ Dousset J.C., Rioufol C., Philibert C. and  Bourbon P., Fluoride, 20, 137 (1987) @No $ @ @ Gikunju J.K., Fluoride, 25, 37 (1992) @No $ @ @ Strochkova L.S. and Zhavoronkov A.A., Fluoride, 16, 181 (1983) @No $ @ @ Trinder P., Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an alternative oxygen acceptor, Ann. Clin. Biochem,6, 24-27 (1969) @No $ @ @ Lowry O.H., Rosenberg N.J., Farr A.L. and Randall, R.J., Biological. Chem.,193, 265 (1951) @No $ @ @ Frings C.S. and Dunn R.T., A colorimetric method for determination of total serum lipids based on the sulfo-phospho-vanillin reaction, Am. J. Clin. Pathol53, 89–91 (1970) @No $ @ @ Humtsoe N., Davoodi R., Kulkarni B.G and  Chavan B., Effect of Arsenic on the Enzymes of the Rohu Carp, Laeo Rohita, The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 17-19 (2007) @No $ @ @ Konx E. Greengard, The regulation of some enzymes of nitrogen metabolism. An Introduction to enzyme physiology, Adyan En2, Regnl, 3, 247-313 (1965) @No $ @ @ Martin D.W., Mayes P.A. and Rodwell, Harper's Review of biochemistry, 18th Ed, Lange Medical Publications, California (1981) @No $ @ @ Pabrowski M., Fluoride Induced alterations in D.M. Protect Metabolism of Wiston Rats, American J. Clinical Nutrition, 24, 895-6 (1986) @No $ @ @ Singh M., Biochemical and Cytochemical alterations in Liver and Kidney following experimental fluorosis, Fluoride, 17, 81-83 (1984) @No $ @ @ Chenoy N.J., Narayana M.V., Sequerra E., Joshp S.M., Bard J.M. , Purohit R.M., Perikh D.J. and Gihodasare  N.B., Studies on effects of fluoride in 36 Villages and Mehsana District, North Gujarat, Fluoride, 25, 101-110 (1992) @No $ @ @ Reddy S.L.N., Venugopal N.B.R.K., Reddy A.N. and Ramana Rao J.V., Fluoride induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism in the tissues of fresh water carb Barytelphusa guerini, Econtoxicology and Environmental Safety,18, 59-66 (1989) @No $ @ @ Ganeshwade R.M., Rokade P.B. and Sonwane S.R., Impact of dimethoate on protein content in the freshwater fish Puntius ticto (Ham) The Bioscan, 7(1), 153-155 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aziz  F. and Azmat R., Enzymatic Study of Gills of Fish as Good Biomarkers of Environmental State of Fluoride Pressure, Asian Journal of Chemistry,23(5), 1993-1995(2011) @No 
<#LINE#>To study the Physico-Chemical properties and Bacteriological examination of Hot Spring water from Vashisht region in Distt. Kullu of HP, India<#LINE#>Naresh@Kumar,Ankusha@Singh,Priya@Sharma<#LINE#>28-31<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-147.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa - 125055 Haryana, INDIA @ Department of Microbiology, Abhilashi Institute of Life Sciences, Tanda, Distt Mandi – 175008, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA <#LINE#>25/6/2013<#LINE#>14
July/1/<#LINE#>Hot springs are those places where the temperature of water lies significantly above the mean of annual air temperature of that region. In this paper, physico-chemical properties such as total dissolved solid (TDS),  fixed residue, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), alkalinity, hardness, chloride, pH, temperature and bacteriological examination of hot spring water from Vashisht region in Distt. Kullu of Himachal Pradesh, India was studied. Physico-chemical results were compared with WHO potability parameters and it was found that water was potable. Further results of bacteriological examination by multiple tube fermentation test showed that coliforms were absent and hence water was potable. <#LINE#> @ @ Kumar A., Rawat S., Srivastava M.and Bhushan V., Physico-chemical analysis and isolation of bacteria from water sample of Maharana Pratap Sagar, Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation, 7(3), 161-166 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar N. and Nath S., Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties of water from Markanday Spring in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh A Novel Report, International Journal of Current Research, 5(01), 056-058 (2013) @No $ @ @ Haki G.D. and Gezmu T.B., Physico-chemical properties of waters from some Ethiopian hot springs and risk to the health of community, Greener Journal of Physical Sciences, 2(4), 138-140 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sherpa M.T., Das S. and Thakur N., Physico-chemical characteristics of thermal water and soil of Tarabalo and Attri geothermal province, Orrisa, India, Recent Research in Science and Technology,  5(1), 63-67 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shreerup G. and Pravasini P., Physico-chemical characteristics of thermal water and soil of Tarabalo and Attri geothermal province, Orrisa, India, Journal of Ecophysiology & Occupational Health,  8(1&2), 83-88 (2013) @No $ @ @ Todd D. K., Ground Hydrology (2nd edn.), Wiley, New York (1980) @No $ @ @ Sen K.S., Mohapatra K.S., Satpathy S. and Rao T.V.G., Characterization of hot water spring source isolated clones of bacteria and their industrial applicability, International Journal of Chemical Research, 2(1), 01-07 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jana, B.B., The Thermal springs of Bakreswar, India – physico-chemical conditions, flora and fauna, Hydobiologia, 41 (3), 291-307 (1979) @No $ @ @ Carlos A.J., The heat shock response in meso- and thermoacidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria, FEMS Microbiology Letter, 56, 289-294 (1988) @No $ @ @ Prasad B.N. and Srivastava P.N., Thermal alga from Himalayan hot springs, Proc. Natl. Inst. Sci., India, 31B, 45-53 (1965) @No $ @ @ Vasishta P.C., Thermal Cyanophyceae of India-1, Phycos, 198-241 (1968) @No $ @ @ Aneja K.R., Experiments in Microbiology, Plant pathology and Biotechnology. New age International publisher, Fourth edition (2003) @No $ @ @ Yadav S.S. and Kumar R., Monitoring water quality of Kosi river in Rampur district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2(2), 197-201 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kumar, R. and Yadav, S.S., Correlation analysis of ground water quality in and around Shahzad Nagar block of Rampur district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Int. J. Chem. Sci., 9(1), 440-447 (2011) @No $ @ @ Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Chemical analysis manual for food and water, 5th Ed. FAO ROME, 1, 20-26 (1997) @No $ @ @ Abida B. and Harikrishna, Study on the Quality of Water in some streams of Cauvery River, Journal of Chemistry5(2),377-384 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ikomi R.B. and Emuth C.T., The status of the physico-chemical Hydrology of Upper Warri River Nigeria, Journal of Science and Environment,, 75-86 (2000) @No 
<#LINE#>Water Soluble Anions in Free Fall Dust in Sonepat NCR Region, Haryana, India<#LINE#>Mamta@Khandelwal,Anju@Singh,Sachin@Kumar<#LINE#>32-36<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-151.pdf<#LINE#>2 Dept. of Energy Studies and Environment Management; CEEES, DCR University of Sci. and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, INDIA @ Rajasthan Pollution Control Board, Rajasthan, INDIA<#LINE#>26/6/2013<#LINE#>13/07/2013<#LINE#>Three sets of free fall samples were collected at three sites in Sonepat NCR from March 2013 to April 2013. These samples were collected to monitor air in the Sonepat NCR. These samples were used for the analysis of anions, which Are Fluoride, Chloride. Sulphate, phosphate, nitrate. A small quantity of the samples obtained was used to analyse anions present in air and the rest was used to analyse the concentration of heavy metals in air sample which are lead, copper, arsenic, zinc, chromium, iron, manganese etc. These anions which are water-soluble in nature are extracted by ultrasonic methods with water and all the anions were analysed using ion exchange chromatography. Of the analysed anions, fluoride, chloride and sulphates ions were high in concentration. Nitrates and phosphates ions were lower in concentration. Main motive was used to examine the temporal variations of the anions ions at the three sites. The results indicated that there was as such no major difference among the three sites. However, when we compare the average concentrations of chloride and sulphate ions, it could be easily concluded that traffic area near NH-1, Murthal had comparatively more influence than the other two sites. <#LINE#> @ @ Prospero J.M., Charlson R.J., Mohnen V., Jaenicke R., Delany A.C., Moyers J., Zoller W., Rahn K., The Atmospheric Aerosol System, Res. J.  Geophysics, 21,1607–1629 (1983) @No $ @ @ Duce R.A.., Unni C.K., Ray B.J., Prospero J.M. and Meril J.T., Long Range Transport of Soil Dust From Asia to the Tropica North Pacific: Temporarl Variability, J. of  Sci.,20, 522-524 (1980) @No $ @ @ Singh A.B. and Singh A., Pollen Allergy-A Global Scenario, Oxford J. of Env. Sci.,(1994) @No $ @ @ Hileman B., Particulate Matter: The Envitable Variety, J. of Env Sci., 15, 983-986 (1981) @No $ @ @ Singh A.B. and Malik P., Pollen aerobiology and allergy-an integrated approach, International J. Aerobiology, 7,(1994) @No $ @ @ Pyre K., Aeolian Dust and Dust Deposits, Acad. Press London, 121 (1987) @No $ @ @ Rahn K.A., The Chemical Composition of the Atmospheric Aerosols, Technical Report, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, 151-177 (1976) @No $ @ @ Lewis W.H., Korenblat P.E. and wedner H.J., Pollen Energy, In: Allergy Theory and Practice, Oxford J. of Env. Sci., 353 (1984) @No $ @ @ Guieu C., M.D. Loy¨e-Pilot, C. Ridame and C. Thomas Chemical characterization of the Saharan dust end-member: Some biogeochemical implications for the western Mediterranean Sea, Geophysical Research, 107, D15 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ahmad S., Fulekar M.H. and Pathal K.B., Impact Of Coal Based Thermal Power Plant on Environment and Its Mitigation Measures, Int. Res. J. Environment  Sci., 1(4),50-55 (2012) @No $ @ @ Saini B., Verma R., Himanshu S. K. and Gupta S., Analysis Of Exhaust Emissions From Gasoline Powered Vehicles In A Sub-Urbun Indian Town, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(1), 37-42 (2013) @No $ @ @ Devi P. Sirisha D. and Gandhi N., Study on the Quality of Water and Soil from Fish Pond In Around Bhimavaram West Godavari District, A.P., India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(1) 58-62 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yadav J., Pathak R.K., Rathhour J. and Yadav A.,Physio-Chemical Analysis Of Wate And Locked Soil of Sadli Reservoir Region Kasrawad, District Khargone, M.P., India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,2(4), 26-29 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chaurasia S., Karwaria A. And Gupta A.D., Air Pollution and Air Quality Index of Kodinar Gujrat, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(5), 62-67 (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Process Parameters on Anaerobic Decolourization of Reactive Azo Dyes Using Bacillus licheniformis isolated from Textile effluent contaminated site in Perundurai, India<#LINE#>D.@Sudha,R.@Balagurunathan<#LINE#>37-43<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-152.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Periyar Pakalai Nagar, Salem-636011, TN, INDIA<#LINE#>26/6/2013<#LINE#>8
/7/2013<#LINE#>A bacterial strain Bacillus licheniformis with remarkable ability to decolourize the reactive azo dyessuch asreactive red, reactive yellow, reactive brilliant red and reactive brilliant blue was isolated from the textile effluent contaminated site.The effluent sample was collected from Infra Tex textile industry, Perundurai in Erode district situated at Tamil nadu state and country of India. Static conditions with 10 g/l glucose, pH 9, 37°C, 20% inoculum concentration, 50 mg/l of dye concentration, 3 g/l of NHNO, were considered to be the optimum decolourizing conditions. Bacillus licheniformis grew well in these optimum conditions, resulting in 82% decolourization extent 7 days of incubation. Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence indicated that the bacterial strain belonged to the genus Bacillus. UV (Ultra Violet) analysis of bacterial isolate suggested that it exhibited decolourizing activity, rather than inactive surface adsorption. This decolourization extent and facile conditions show the potential for this bacterial strain to be used in the biological treatment of textile effluent or dyes.  <#LINE#> @ @ Subhathra M., Prabakaran V., Kuberan T. and Balamurugan I., Biodegradation of azo dye from textile effluent by Lysinibacillus sphaericus,Sky Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(1), 1-11 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mohd Zaini Nawahwi, Zabarah Ibhrahim and Adibah Yabya., Degradation of the azo dye reactive red 195 by Paenibacillusspp R2, Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation, ,1 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dawker V.V., Jadhav U.U. and Govindwar., Biodegradation of disperse textile dye brown 3REL by newly isolated Bacillussp.VUS, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 14-24 (2008) @No $ @ @ Chakraborty S., Purkait M.K., Das Gupta S., De S. and Basu J.K., Nanofiltration of textile plant effluents for colour removal and reduction in COD, Separation and Purification Technology, 31(2), 141-151 (2003) @No $ @ @ Georgious D., Aivazidis A., Hatiras J. and Gimouhopoulos K., Treatment of cotton textile wastewater using lime and ferrous sulphate, Water Research, 37(9), 2248-2250 (2003) @No $ @ @ Shailesh R. Dave. and Riddhi H. Dave., Optimization of process parameters for enhanced biodegradation of acid red 119 by Bacillus thuringiensis SRDD, Sonklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology,34(1), 23-30 (2012) @No $ @ @ http://www.erode.tn.nic.in/maps/erode_dist_map.pdf dated 08.7.2013 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ola I.O., Akintokun A.K., Akpan I., Omomowo I.O. and Areo V.O., Aerobic decolourization of two reactive azo dyes under varying carbon and nitrogen source by Bacillus cereus, African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(5)672-677 (2010) @No $ @ @ Robert E. Farrell, RNA Methodologies: A laboratory guide for isolation and characterization, Elsevier Academic Press, York, PA, U.S.A (2005) @No $ @ @ Moosvi S., Kher X. and Madamwar D., Isolation, characterization and decolourization of textile dyes by a mixed bacterial consortium JW-2, Dyes and pigments, 74, 723-729 (2007) @No $ @ @ Olukanni O.D., Osuntoki. and Gbenle G.O., Decolourization of azo dyes by a strain of Micrococcus isolated from a refuse dump soil, Biotechnology, 8(4), 442-448 (2009) @No $ @ @ Cappucino Sherman, Microbiology a laboratory manual , seventh edition, 1st impression, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd, (2007) @No $ @ @ Chen K. C., Hung W.T., Wu J.Y. and Houng J.Y., Microbial decolourization of azo dyes by Proteusmirabilis, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23, 686-690 (1999) @No $ @ @ Chaube P., Indurkar H. and Moghe S., Biodegradation and decolourization of dye by mix consortia of bacteria and study of toxicity on Phaseolus mungo and Triticum aestivam, Asian Journal of Biotechnology Research, , 45-56 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sudharkar P.R., Palaniappan. and Gowrisankar R., Degradation of azo dye (Black E) by an indigenous bacterium Pseudomonas spBSP-4, Asian Journal of Microbiol.Biotechnol.Environmental Science, , 203-208 (2002) @No $ @ @ Aksu Z., Reactive Dye Bioaccumulation by Saccharomycescerevisiae, Process Biochemistry, 10, 1437-1444 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ponraj M., Gokila K. and Vasudeo Zambare., Bacterial Decolourization of Textile Dye – Orange 3R, International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 2(1),168-177 (2011) @No $ @ @ Cetin D. and Donmoz G., Decolourization of reactive dyes by mixed cultures isolated from textile effluent under anaerobic conditions, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 38, 926-930 (2006) @No $ @ @ Senan R.C. and Abraham E.T., Bioremediation of textile azo dyes by aerobic bacterial consortium, Biodegradation, 15, 275-280 (2004) @No $ @ @ Saraswathi K. and Balakumar S., Biodecolourization of azo dye (Pigmented Red 208) using Bacillus firmus and Bacillus laterosporus, Journal of Bioscience Technology, 1(1),1-7 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sponza D.T. and Isik M., Decolourization and inhibition kinetic of direct black 38 azo dye with granulated anaerobic sludge, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 34,147-158 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sani R.K. and Banerjee U.C., Decolourization of triphenylmethane dyes and textile and dye-stuff effluent by Kurthia spEnzyme and Microbial Technology, 24, 433-437 (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Hydrological Characterization of a Whitewater Lake at Amazonfloodplain - Brazil<#LINE#>F.@Aprile,A.J.@Darwich,G.W.@Siqueira,A.A.@Ribeiro,V.C.@Santos<#LINE#>44-53<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-157.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory Study of Amazon Ecosystems, Federal University of Western Pará, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n 68040-070 Pará, BRAZIL National Institute of Research of Amaznonian, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69060-001 Amazonas, BRAZIL Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa n. 1, BRAZIL<#LINE#>23rd/6/2013<#LINE#>8
/7/<#LINE#>Hydrological aspects were carried out on a spatial-temporal series in six sampling sites in a whitewater lake in Solimões River basin at the Central Amazonian - Brazil between 2004 and 2009. Bathymetry and morphometric relations, wind velocity, temperature, pH, conductivity, total density and ionic balance in vertical and horizontal profiles were investigated. Weak thermal stratification was observed with mean temperature in the surficial layer of 27.90.32ºC and in the bottom of 26.00.43ºC. EC tended to decrease from Solimões border to internal lake with mean of 60.124.8S.cm-1 to surface and of 46.214.4S.cm-1 to the bottom. Daily polymictic processes destroy the thermal stratification inducing complete vertical mixing of the water column, and components as flood-pulse, winds, morphometry and macrophytes banks influenced the mixture. Ions levels were distributed HCO+CO2-&#65533;Ca2+&#65533;Cl&#65533;SO2-&#65533;Na&#65533;Mg2+&#65533;K. However, the great differential of water types in Amazonian are the cations, mainly calcium. With different magnitudes, the flood-pulse from Solimões River and the forest-rivers had strong influence and perturbation on the water column stability. The seasonality was clear and the flood-pulse was more significant to the water level than the local rainfall.  <#LINE#> @ @ Salahuddin K., Virendra S., Manish V., Chirag G. and Zofair S.M., Limnological studies of Narsinh Mehta Lake of Junagadh District in Gujarat, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(5), 9-16 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shah I.K. and Shah H., Physico-chemical dynamics in littoral zone of Nageen Basin of Dal Lake, Kashmir, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(3), 11-14 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sioli H., Das wasser in Amazonasgebiet, Forsh, Fortschr., 26, 274-280 (1950) @No $ @ @ Sioli H., Zum alterungsprozess von Flüssen, und Flusstypen im Amazonasgebiet, Arch. Hydrobiol.,43, 267-283 (1951) @No $ @ @ Sioli H., Sedimentation in Amazon asgebiet, Geol. Rundschau, 45, 608-633 (1957) @No $ @ @ Sakamoto T., The development of the Amazon. Min. Geol., 8(28), 89-100 (1958) @No $ @ @ Junk W.J., Áreas inundáveis: um desafio para Limnologia. Acta Amazônica, 10(4), 775-795 (1980) @No $ @ @  8.Furch K., Junk W.J., Dieterich J. and Kochert, N., Seasonal variation in the major cátion (Na, K, Mg and Ca) content of the water of Lago Camaleão, in Amazonian floodplain-Lake near Manaus, Brazil, Amazoniana, 8(1), 75-89 (1983) @No $ @ @ Junk W.J., Bayley P.B. and Sparks R.E., The flood pulse concept in river-foodplain systems. In: Dodge D.P. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium, Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 106, 110-127 (1989) @No $ @ @ Irion G., Junk W.J. and De Mello J.A.S.N., The Large Central Amazonian river floodplains near Manaus: geological, climatological, hydrological and geomorphological aspects. In: Junk W.J. (Ed.), The Central Amazonian Floodplain: Ecology of a Pulsing System, Springer-Verlag, New York, Ecological Studies 126, (1997) @No $ @ @ Prance G.T., Notes on the vegetation of Amazonia, 3, The terminology of Amaznonian forest types subject to inundation, Brittonia, 31, 26-38 (1979) @No $ @ @ Sioli H., Introduction: History of the discovery of the Amazon and of research of Amazonian waters and landscapes. In: Sioli H. (Ed.), The Amazon: limnology and landscape ecology of a mighty tropical river and its basin, Monog. Biol. 56, Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1-13 (1984) @No $ @ @ Soares M.G.M., Menezes N.A. and Junk W.J., Adaptations of fish species to oxygen depletion in a central Amazonian floodplain lake, Hydrobiologia, 568, 353-367 (2006) @No $ @ @ Silva M.P.R., Torres Júnior A.R., Silva R.M. da and Landau L., Estudo sobre a influência da circulação de brisa em modelo de transporte de poluentes no rio Solimões, 4º PDPETRO, Campinas, SP, 21-24/Outubro/2007, ABPG. 6.2.0062:1-9 (2007) @No $ @ @ Wetzel R.G. and Likens G.E., Limnolgical analysis, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 357 (2000) @No $ @ @ American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Environment Federation (WEF), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, APHA/AWWA/WEF, USA, 22nd ed., (2012) @No $ @ @ Martin J.L. and Mccutcheon S.C., Hydrodynamics and Transport for Water Quality Modeling, Lewis Publications, Boca Raton, FL, (1999) @No $ @ @ Ruttner R., Fundamentals of Limnology, Univ., Toronto Press, Toronto, CA, 242, (1953) @No $ @ @ Junk W.J., Investigations on the ecology and production-biology of the “floating meadows” (Paspalo-Echinochloetum) on the Middle Amazon. I. The floating vegetation and its ecology, Amazoniana, , 449-495 (1970) @No $ @ @ Junk W.J. Investigations on the ecology and production-biology of the “floating meadows” (Paspalo-Echinochloetum) on the Middle Amazon, II. The aquatic fauna in the root-zone of floating vegetation, Amazoniana, 9-102 (1973) @No $ @ @ Junk W.J., Amazonian floodplains: their ecology, present and potential use, Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop., 15(4), 285–301 (1982) @No $ @ @ Wetzel R.G., Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rded., Academic Press, San Diego, CA, (2001) @No $ @ @ Schmidt G.W., Seasonal changes in water chemistry of a tropical lake (Lago do Castanho, Amazonia, South America), Int. Ver. Theor. Angew. Limnol. Verh., 18, 613-621 (1972) @No $ @ @ Rai H. and Hill G., Classification of Central Amazon lakes on the basis of their microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics, Hydrobiologia, 72, 85-99 (1980) @No $ @ @ Melack J.M. and Fisher T.R., Diel oxygen variations and their ecological implications in Amazon floodplain lakes. Arch. Hydrobiol., 98, 422-442 (1983) @No $ @ @ Kepner Jr. R., Kortyna A., Wharton Jr. R., Doran P., Andersen D. and Roberts E., Effects of research diving on a stratified Antarctic Lake, Water Res., 34(1), 71-84 (2000) @No $ @ @ Balistrieri L.S., Tempel R.N., Stillings L.L. and Shevenell, L.A., Modeling spatial and temporal variations in temperature and salinity during stratification and overturn in Dexter Pit Lake, Tuscarora, Nevada, USA, Applied Geochemistry, 21(7), 1184–1203 (2006) @No $ @ @ Fittkau E.J., Zur Ökologischen Gliederung Amazoniens. I. Die erdgeschichtliche Entwicklung Amazoniens, Amazoniana, , 77-134 (1974) @No $ @ @ Furch K. and Klinge H. Towards a regional characterization of the biogeochemistry of alkali and alkali-earth metals in northern South America, Acta Cient. Venez., 29, 434-444 (1978) @No $ @ @ Irion G. Soil infertility in the Amazonian rain forest, Naturwissenschaften, 65, 515-519 (1978) @No 
<#LINE#>The Impact of Indoor Pollution on the Health of under Five Children in Bangladesh<#LINE#>Rinat@Akter,Sanjib Chandra @ Mandal<#LINE#>54-58<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-163.pdf<#LINE#>Lecturer of Statistics, Department of Natural Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, BANGLADESH Clinical @ Physiotherapist, Stroke Rehabilitation Unit, Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Dhaka, BANGLADESH <#LINE#>14/7/2013<#LINE#>31/7/2013<#LINE#>The present work was carried out in different area of Bangladesh to determine the impact of indoor pollution on health of under five children. In Bangladesh, as in many other developing countries, most of infant and childhood mortality has been due to diarrheal disease, nutrition and respiratory infections associated with environmental factors(water and sanitation, hygiene practices, crowding and indoor air pollution). The major driving force for environmental health degradation in Bangladesh is its growing population. Indoor air pollution in developing countries mostly arises from the indoor burning of solid fuels such as wood, animal dung, coal and crop residues in open fires or poorly functioning stove. The incomplete combustion biomass fuels release a host of complex chemicals. <#LINE#> @ @ Abt E., Suh H.H., Allen G. and Koutrakis P., Characterization of indoor particle sources: A study conducted in the metropolitan Boston area, Environmental Health Perspectives, 108, 35–44 (2000) @No $ @ @ Abt E., Suh H.H., Catalano P. and Koutrakis P., Relative contribution of outdoor and indoor particle sources to indoor concentrations, Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 3579–3587 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ahmad K., Jafary F., Jehan I., Hatcher J., Khan A.Q. and Chaturvedi N., et al., Prevalence and predictors of smoking in Pakistan: Results of the National Health Survey of Pakistan, European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 12, 203–208 (2005) @No $ @ @ Albalak R., Bruce N., McCracken J.P., Smith K.R. and De Gallardo T., Indoor respirable particulate matter concentrations from an open fire, improved cookstove, and LPG/open fire combination in a rural Guatemalan community, Environmental Science and Technology, 35, 2650–2655 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ambroise D., Greff-Merguet G., Görner P., Fabriès J. and Hartemann P., Measurement of indoor viable airbornebacteria with different bioaerosol samplers, Journal of Aerosol Science, 30, 669–700 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ashmore M.R. and Dimitroulopoulou C., Personal exposure of children to air pollution, Atmospheric Environment, 43, 128–141 (2009) @No $ @ @ Balakrishnan K., Sambandam S., Ramaswamy P., Mehta S. and Smith K.R., Exposure assessment for respirable particulates associated with household fuel use in rural districts of Andhra Pradesh, India, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 14, 14–25 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bouillard L., Michel O., Dramaix M. and Devleeschouwer M., Bacterial contamination of indoor air, surfaces, and settled dust, and related dust endotoxin concentrations in healthy office buildings, Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 12, 187–192 (2005) @No $ @ @ Bruce N., McCracken J., Albalak R., Schei M., Smith K.R., Lopez V., et al., Impact of improved stoves, house construction and child location on levels of indoor air pollution exposure in young Guatemalan children, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 14, 26–33 (2004) @No $ @ @ Dasgupta S., Huq M., Khaliquzzaman M., Pandey K. and Wheeler D., Indoor air quality for poor families: New evidence from Bangladesh, Indoor Air, 16, 426–444 (2006) @No $ @ @ Destaillats H., Maddalena R.L., Singer B.C., Hodgson A.T. and McKone T.E., Indoor pollutants emitted by office equipment: A review of reported data and information needs, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 1371–1388 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ezzati M. and Kammen D.M., Quantifying the effects of exposure to indoor air pollution from biomass combustion on acute respiratory infections in developing countries, Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 481–488 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ezzati M. and Kammen D.M., The health impacts of exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuels in developing countries: Knowledge, gaps, and data needs, Environmental Health Perspectives, 110, 1057–1068 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ezzati M., Mbinda B.M. and Kammen D.M., Comparison of emissions and residential exposure from traditional and improved cookstoves in Kenya, Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 578–583 (2000) @No 
<#LINE#>Physico Chemical Analysis of the Freshwater at River Kapila, Nanjangudu Industrial Area, Mysore, India<#LINE#>Smitha,D.@Ajay,P.@Shivashankar<#LINE#>59-65<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-169.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Studies in Environment Science, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, INDIA<#LINE#>29/7/2013<#LINE#>8
/8/2013<#LINE#>Nanjangud is a home town of industries in Mysore district of Karnataka, India. It is on the banks of the river Kapila (Kabini). Water analysis was done for the parameters like odor, turbidity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, nitrate and sulphate for testing the quality of water during the month of March, April and May. The results suggested that the level of organic load increased in the month of May, indicating pollution of the river. <#LINE#> @ @ Venkatesharaju K., Ravikumar P., Somashekar R.K.,.Prakash K.L, Physico- chemical and Bacteriological investigation on the River Cauvery of Kollegal stretch in Karnataka, J. Sci., Engin. and tech.,6 (1), 50-59. (2010) @No $ @ @ Sachidanandamurthy, K.L. and Yajurvedi H.N., A study on physicochemical parameters of an aquaculture body in Mysore city, Karnataka, India, J. Environ. Biol., 27, 615-618 (2006) @No $ @ @ Parashar, C., Verma N., Dixit S. and Shrivastava R.,Multivariate analysis of drinking water quality parameters in Bhopal, India, Environ. Monit.Assess., 140, 119-122 (2008) @No $ @ @ Shekhar, R.T., Kiran B.R., Puttaiah E.T., Shivaraj Y. and Mahadevan K.M., Phytoplankton as index of water quality with reference to industrial pollution, J. Environ. Biol., 29, 233-236 (2008) @No $ @ @ Senthilkumar, R. and Sivakumar K.,Studies on phytoplankton diversity in response to abiotic factors in Veeranam lake in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu, J. Environ. Biol., 29, 747-752 (2008) @No $ @ @ Laskar H. S and Susmita.G, Phytoplankton diversity and dynamics of Chatla floodplain lake, Barak Valley, Assam, North East India - A seasonal study, J. Environ. Biol., 30, 1007-1012 (2009) @No $ @ @ Joseph P.V.and Claramma J., Physicochemical characteristics of Pennar River, a fresh water wetland in Kerala, India, J. Chem, 7(4),1266-1273 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mushini Venkata Subba Rao, Vaddi Dhilleswara Rao and Bethapudi Samuel Anand Andrews , Assessment of Quality of Drinking Water at Srikurmam in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India, I. Res. J. Environ. Sci., 1(2) 13-20 (2012) @No $ @ @ APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, Washington, D.C. 21st edn (2005) @No $ @ @ Bilgrami K., Datta S., Munshi J.S.and Bhowmick B.N., Biomonitoring of the River Ganga at polluted sites in Bihar. Symposium on Biomonitoring, State Environ. India., 141-145 (1985) @No $ @ @ Varunprasath K. and Daniel A. N., Comparison Studies of three freshwater Rivers ( Cauvery, Bhavani and Noyyal ) in Tamil Nadu, India, Iran.J.Energy and Environ.,1 (4), 315-320 (2010) @No $ @ @ Parihar S.S., Kumar Ajit, Kumar Ajay, Gupta R.N., Pathak Manoj, Shrivastav Archana  and Pandey A.C., PhysicoChemical and Microbiological Analysis of Underground Water in and Around Gwalior City, MP, India, Res.J.Recent Sci, 1(6), 62-65, (2012) @No $ @ @ Koul Nishtha, Lokhande R. S. and Dhar J. K., Physico Chemical, Bacteriological and Pesticide analysis of Tap  Water in Millennium City Gurgoan, Haryana, India, I. Res. J. Environ. Sci., 1(2), 1-7 (2012) @No $ @ @ Singh M.R., Gupta A., Beeteswari K.H., Physico-chemical properties of water samples from Manipur River system, India, J.Appl. Sci. Environ.Manage,14 (4), 85-89 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shivayogimath C.B., Kalburgi P.B., Deshannavar U.B and Virupakshaiah D.B.M., Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha, India, I Res. J. Environ. Sci., 1(1), 12-18, (2012) @No $ @ @ Malik G.M., Raval V.H., Zadafiya S.K. and Patel A.V., Idol immersion and Physico-Chemical properties of South Gujarat Rivers, India, Res.J.Chem.Sci.,2(3), 21-25 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rajgopal, Groundwater quality assessment for public policy in India. 1st Annual report. Department of geography, IOWA University, IOWA, 10-11 (1984) @No $ @ @ Jones P.J. and Burt T.P., Nitrate in surface water. In Nitrate: process, Patterns and management cedes Burt, T.P., A.L and Trudgill, S.T., John Wiley, 269-310 (1993) @No $ @ @ Kamal D., Khan A. N., Rahman M.A. and Ahamed F., Study on the Physico-chemical properties of water of Mouri river, Khulna,Bangladesh, Pak. J.Biol. Sci., 10 (5), 710-717 (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Groundwater from Sangamner Area, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>Deshmukh@KeshavK.<#LINE#>66-74<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-180.pdf<#LINE#>Sangamner Nagarpalika Arts, D.J. Malpani Commerce and B.N. Sarda Science College, Sangamner, Dist. Ahmednagar, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>30
/5/2012<#LINE#>21/12/2012<#LINE#>Groundwater is liable to contamination through anthropogenic and other sources like use of chemical pesticides, addition of industrial waste, domestic and agricultural waste to the water bodies. During last decades, it has been observed that the groundwater gets polluted drastically because of increased human activities. Consequently, the numbers of cases of water born diseases have been seen causing health hazard. The study has been carried out to assess the impact of human activities on the quality of groundwater of Sangamner area, Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra. 21 groundwater samples were collected along the Pravara River and assessed the physico chemical parameters such as P, EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na, K+, HCO, SO2- and NO. The geochemical characteristics of groundwater have been found to be dominated by Ca+Mg &#65533; Na + K –HCO +CO indicating dominance of cation and anion exchange process. This suggests the contamination of groundwater is due to human activities. On the basis of TDS, the groundwater is slightly moderately saline in character in the discharge zone in the are due to anthropogenic activities. The groundwater from the majority of the samples is not suitable for drinking purposes as compared with standard limit suggested by WHO. This is posing the serious health hazard to the local population. Groundwater salinisation, nitrate pollution, changes in alkalinity, hardness of groundwater and changing nature of geochemical character of groundwater has been identified as the impacts of human activities in the area. Educating the people about water quality surveillance program, infrastructural set up and the importance of public participation about water quality will prevent further degradation of groundwater resources in the area. <#LINE#> @ @ Deshpande S.M., Aher K.R., Gaikwad G.D., Assessment of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking uses in Warora Tahsil district Chandrapur, India, International J. of Recent Trends in Science and Technology,4(3), 120-124 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bharati P.K., Groundwater pollution, Biotech Books, New Delhi, 25 (2012) @No $ @ @ Schot P.P. and J. Vander Waal, Human Impact on Regional groundwater composition through intervention in natural flow patterns and changes in land use, J. Hydrology,134, 297-213 (1992) @No $ @ @ Brane Maticis, Impact of agriculture on groundwater quality in Slovenja, Agricultural water management,40, 235-247 (1999) @No $ @ @ Pawar N.J., Pondhe G.M. and Patil S.F., Groundwater pollution due to sugar mill effluents at Sonai, Maharashtra, Env. Geology,34(1998) @No $ @ @ Subu M.Mal, Haddad M, Mizyed N. and Mizyed I, Impact of irrigation with water containing heavy metals on soil and groundwater – A simulation study, Water, Air and Soil pollution,146, 141-152 (2003) @No $ @ @ Yang Gao, Guirui Yu, Chunyan Luo and Pei Zhou, Groundwater nitrogen pollution and Assessment of its Health Risks: A case study of a typical village in Rural – Urban continuum, China, PLOS ONE,  (4), e33982, 1-8 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ullah Rizwan, Malik R.N. and Qudir Abdul, Assessment of groundwater contamination in an industrial city, Sialkot, Pakistan, African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,3 (12), 429-446 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sahu Ruchi., Gupta N., Agrwal, Sharma S., Kalpana S., Impact of agricultural practices on groundwater quality of few villages of Ladpura Tehsil, Kota district, Rajasthan, Int J. Chem Sci. 9 (3), 1261 -1270 (2011) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh K.K., Impact of irrigation on the Chemistry soil and groundwater from Sangamner area, Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pune(2001) @No $ @ @ Rakib Uddin M., The natural environment of Pravara River basin and its impact on land utilization, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Pune,(1984) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh K.K., The Chemistry of groundwater in Sangamner area with regard to their suitability for drinking purposes, Rasayan J. Chem., 4 (4), 770-779 (2011) @No $ @ @ APHA, AWWA and WPCF, Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 19th Edition, American Public Health Association (1995) @No $ @ @ Kushwah R.K., Malik S, Mujumdar K and Bajpai A, A Wastewater quality studies of inlet and outlet at municipal waste water treatment plant at Bhopal, Int. J. Chem Sci,10 (2), 993-1000 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ahmed Izhar, Rao TVD Prasad, Reddy Nagi and Satyanarayanan M., Hydrogeochemistry of ground water around municipal solid waste dumping site in Hyderabad City, India, Oriental J. of Chemistry,27 (4), 1665-1670 (2011) @No $ @ @ WHO, sodium, chlorides and conductivity in drinking water: Report on a WHO working Group, Copenhegan, Euro Reports and Studies No.2 (1979) @No $ @ @ Pawar N.J., Geochemistry of Carbonate precipitation from the groundwater in basaltic aquifers, an equilibrium thermodynamic approach, J. Geol. Soc. of India,41, 119-131 (1993) @No $ @ @ Sravanthi K and Sudarshan V., Geochemistry of groundwater Nacharam Industrial area, Ranga Reddy district, Environmental Geochemistry,1(2), 81-88 (1998) @No $ @ @ Ramesh, R., Impacts of landuse change on groundwater quality, Oxford and IBH Publ. Co., New Delhi, 44-55 (1999) @No $ @ @ Huneey J.E., Keiter E.A. and Keiter R.L., Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd edition (2001) @No $ @ @ Pawar, N. J., Groundwater quality and management: Unit 6, 7: in Hydrology and Groundwater Development: ET532, IGNOU Publication (1996) @No $ @ @ Indian Standard – Drinking water – specification IS 1050-1991 (Reaffirmed 2009) @No $ @ @ Hem, J.D., Study and interpretation of chemical characteristics of natural waters, U. S. Geol. Surv. water supply paper No. 2254 (1991) @No $ @ @ Miller, J.C., Nitrate contamination of the water table aquifer by septic tank system in the coastal plain of Delaware: paper presented at the Rural Env. Conference, Warren, (V.T.) (1979) @No $ @ @ Nikumbh, J.D., Geochemistry of groundwaters from Behedi Basin, district Nasik, Maharashtra, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pune(1997) @No $ @ @ Bheshdadia B.M., Kundariya D. S. and Patil P.K., Physico chemical analysis of Bore wells, drinking water in Morbi – Malia Territor, Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 27 (2), 685-689 (2011) @No $ @ @ Jain C.K., Sharma M.K. and Omkar, Indian J. Env. Protection17 (6), 401-405 (1997) @No $ @ @ Komar, S.C. and Anderson, H.W., Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of nitrate source in Minnesota sand Plain aquifers, Groundwater,31 (2), 250-270 (1993) @No $ @ @ Hill, A.R., Nitrate distribution in the groundwater of the Alliston region of Ontario, Canada, Groundwater,20(6), 696-702 (1982) @No $ @ @ Pawar N.J. and Shaikh I.J., Nitrate pollution of groundwaters from shallow basaltic aquifers, Deccan Trap Hydrologic Province India, Environmental Geology,25,197-204 (1995) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh K.K., Ground water quality evaluation with special reference to nitrate pollution in the Sangamner area, Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra, India, Water Pollution XI, 79, WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, London, 164, (2012) @No $ @ @ Obeidt M.M., Massadeh A.M., Al – Ajlouni A.M., Athamnesh F.S., Analysis and Evalution of nitrate levels in groundwater at Al – Hashimiya area, Jordan, Environ Monit Assess,135, 745-486 (2007) @No $ @ @ Forman D., Al – Dabbagh, Doll R, Nitrates, Nitrites and gastric cancer in Great Britain, Nature,313, 620-625 (1985) @No $ @ @ Payne M.R. Farm Waste and nitrate pollution in Jones J.G, ed. Agriculture and Environment, New York, 63-73 (1993) @No $ @ @ Mackinnon A.V., Taylor S.H., Relationship between Sudden Coronary deaths and drinking water, International J. of epidemiology,9 (3), 247 -249 (1980) @No $ @ @ Salama R.B., Otto C.J. and Fitzpatrick R.W., Contributions of groundwater conditions to soil and water salinisation, J. Hydrology,7, 46-64 (1998) @No $ @ @ Piper M., A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analysis, U.S. Geol. Surv. Groundwater,12, 50-59 (1953) @No 
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Review on Production of Ethanol from Bassia Latifolla<#LINE#>R.R.@Chaudhari,P.M.@Jadhao,D.D.@Thorat,D.S.@Dhoble,B.R.@Rathod<#LINE#>75-78<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-144.pdf<#LINE#> Mechanical Engineering Department, Govt. Polytechnic, Yavatmal, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>25/6/2013<#LINE#>11
/8/2013<#LINE#>The forest and non-forest area have wonderful multiple utility tree of Bassia Latifolla.  It is large tree occurring in deciduous and moist deciduous forest of India. It is also known as Madhuca Indica. The tree gives flowers which are fermented and distilled to produce liquor. It is used by the local tribal people for all festive occasion besides daily consumption. The dried flowers are also consumed as food by mixing it with flour and baking bread. The flowers are sweet and have glucose and sucrose. Ethanol has attracted considerable attentions as a motor fuels to the success of the Brazilian proalcohol program initiated in 1975 as a response to the global oil crisis of the 1970. despite the technical successes of this program around one third of Brazil 12 million cars are powered by ethanol fuel the high cost of producing has required large direct and indirect subsidies amounting to over US $1.00 billion per annum in one of the two forms 95% mixture with water known as hydrous or hydrated ethanol and a 99.5 % mixture with benzene known as anhydrous or absolute ethanol fuel grade ethanes as produced in Brazil is manufactured by distillation. Generally, ethanol produced from fermented feed stock as sorghum, citrus molasses, corn, sugarcane. But Bassia Latifolla flower an important new source of ethanol production and so many other by products. The characteristic of ethanes as motor vehicle fuels are contrasted with those of conventional gasoline’s and diesel fuels. The implication of physical and chemical differences of these fuels for motor vehicle design and emissions are discussed. A number of possible air quality impacts are examined including changes in ozone, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter, and toxic compounds. Recent government actions have also encouraged the productions and use of alcohols as fuels.  <#LINE#> @ @ Ansari Anjum, Review Paper Biomass: Energy and Environmental Concerns in Developing Country, I Res. J. Environment Sci.,1(1), 54-57 (2012) @No $ @ @ Odgsdon J.E., Ethanol, In J.I. Kroschwitz (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4(9), 812–860 (1994) @No $ @ @ Reel M., Brazil's Road to Energy Independence, The Washington Post.(2006) @No $ @ @ Lichts F.O., Industry Statistics: 2010 World Fuel Ethanol Production, Renewable Fuels Association, Retrieved (2011) @No $ @ @ McGuffin M., Herbs of commerce, ed. 2, (2000) @No $ @ @ Saini B., Verma R., Himanshu S.K. and Gupta S, Analysis of Exhaust Emissions from Gasoline Powered Vehicles in a Sub-urban Indian Town, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 2(1), 37-42 (2013) @No $ @ @ Saldanha C.J., Flora of Karnataka, (1985) @No $ @ @ Raamachandran J., Herbs Of Siddha Medicines-The First 3D Book on Herbs, 38-39 (2008) @No $ @ @ Patel Madhumita and Naik S.N., Flowers of Madhuca Indica, J.F Gmel, Present status and Future, NISCAIR- CSIR, India, (2010) @No $ @ @ Ethanol Market Penetration, Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center, US DOE, Retrieved, 06(25), (2006) @No $ @ @ Edgard G. and Arnaud D., Ethanol fuel from Biomass: A Review, Journal of scientific and Industrial research,64, 809-821 (2005) @No $ @ @ Pranav Mandal and Niren Kathale, Production Of Ethanol From Mahua Flower (Madhuca Latifolia L.) Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae – 3044 And Study Of Parameters While Fermentation, Abhinav Journal, 1(9), (2012) @No $ @ @ Syed Ussain Saheb1, Sepuri Seshaiah1 and Buddolla Viswanath, Environment and Their Legal Issues in India, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences,1(3), 44-51 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ramanujachari, Internal Combustion Engines and Combusion, Proceeding of the XIV National Conference on IC Engines and combustion Institute of Armament Technology, Pune,(1995) @No $ @ @ Prof. M. M. Deshmukh, Studies using alcohol petrol blends on a two stroke S. I. Engine, Proceeding of the XIV National Conference on IC Engines and combustion Institute of Armament Technology, Pune,(1995) @No 
<#LINE#>Assessment of Aquatic Pollution Using Histopathology in Fish as a Protocol<#LINE#>P.B.@Reddy,S.S.@Rawat<#LINE#>79-82<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-148.pdf<#LINE#>PG Department of Zoology, Government Arts and Science PG College, Ratlam-457001, MP, INDIA @ PG Department of Botany, Government Arts and Science PG College, Ratlam-457001, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>25/6/2013<#LINE#>19
July/1/<#LINE#>In chemical monitoring the presence of pollutants in tissues are evaluated by chemical analysis, but biomonitoring methods evaluate not only the presence, but also the response of the organisms to these pollutants by the assessment of  various cellular, biochemical  and histopathological biomarkers. Hence the use of these biomarkers  integrates in chemical monitoring programmes to determine the toxic effects of pollutants. This paper presents an overview on the development and application of histopathology of fish as biomarkers. Because histopatholoigcal alterations in fish are mainly depend on the water quality. Aquatic pollution with different pollutants has a subject of great concern. Hence there is an urgent need for bio-monitoring tools in impact assessment to indicate the effects of pollution. Various biochemical studies of fish have been used to assess the impact of aquatic pollution. But histopathology provides direct and reliable evidence by identifying the cellular destructions. Therefore, the present study is aimed to study the histopathological alterations in various organs in various fish species in different environmental conditions. Moreover, it offers a means of detecting harmful effects of pollution in different tissues in different fish species. The present study reviews the most important histo-cytopathological alterations in various organs of fish, which have been used as monitoring tools in various pollution monitoring programs. This review provides useful information of effects of aquatic pollution on different organs in different species of fish. We believe that this study may provide a powerful and useful tool for the assessment of biological effects and to identify target organ toxicity. <#LINE#> @ @ Bernet D., H. Schmidt, W. Meier, P. Burkhardt-Hol and T., Wahli, Histopathology in fish: proposal for a protocol to assess aquatic pollution, J. Fish Disease, 22, 25-34 (1999) @No $ @ @ Reddy P.B., Histopathogical studies as potential and direct biomarkers of pollution, Trends in Life sciences, 1(1), 27-31 (2012) @No $ @ @ Moore M.J. and Myers M.S., Pathobiology of chemicalassociated neoplasia in fish, Aquatic Toxicol., 24, 327-386(1994) @No $ @ @ Medja N. and  Golemi S., histopathology of larve carassius gebelio biomarker of pollution with cyanobacteria of shkodra lake water, Albania, J.Environ.Res.Develop., 6(2),281-285 (2011) @No $ @ @ Malik G.M., Raval H.V. and Ahmed khali H.K., Toxic effects of effluent on mortality and behavior changes on fresh water fish Poecilia reticulate, J.Environ.Res.Develop.,7(2A), 1036-1039 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hinton D.E., Cells, cellular responses and their markers on chronic toxicity of fishes. In: Aquatic Toxicology: Molecular, Biochemical and Cellular Perspectives, Eds., Malins D.C. and G.K. Ostrander, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 207-239 (1995) @No $ @ @ Marchand M.J., Van Dyk J.C., Pieterse G.M., Barnhoorn I.E and Bornman M.S., Histopathological alterations in the liver of the sharp tooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus from polluted aquatic systems in South Africa, Environ Toxicol.,24, 133–147 (2009) @No $ @ @ Reddy P.B. and Baghel B.S., Archana Kushwah and Shehla Ishaque, Biochemical and hematological studies on effect of textile Industry effluent in Muscus albinus, In; Proc. ICEM., 10(2), 713-719 (2010) @No $ @ @ Butchiram M.S., Vijaya Kumar M. and Tilak K.S., Studies on the histopatholoigcal changes in selected tissues of fish Labeo rohita to phenol, Jrnl. Envi. Biology, 34, 247-251(2013) @No $ @ @  Magar R.S. and Bias U.E., Histopathological impact on the ovary of the fresh water fish, Channa punctatus, Int.Res.Jrnl. Envi.Sci, 2(3), 59-61 (2013) @No $ @ @ Akpolih B.U., Fish Ecogeno toxicology: an emerging Science, an emerging tool for environmental Monitoring and risk assessment, J.Environ Anal. Toxicol., 3(1), 1-8 (2013) @No $ @ @ Roganovic-zafirova D., Jordanova M., Panov S. and Velvoka L., Hepatic capillariasis in the Mediterranean barbell (Barbus meridionalis petenyi Heck) from Lake Ohrid, Folia Veterinaria, 47(1), 35–37 (2003) @No $ @ @ Evans D.H., Osmotic and ionic regulation, In: The physiology of fishes, edited by D.H. Evans, Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 315–341 (1993) @No $ @ @ Wood C.M., Toxic responses of the gill, In: Target Organ Toxicity in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts Organs, Eds., Schlenk, D. and W.H. Benson vol. 1. Taylor & Francis, London, 1-89 (2001) @No $ @ @ Au D.W.T., The application of histo-cytopathological biomarkers in marine pollution monitoring: a review, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 48, 817-834 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bury N.R., J. Li., G. Flik, R.A.C. 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<#LINE#>Lead Effects on Health<#LINE#>Seema@Tiwari,H.L.@Tiwari,I.P.@Tripathi<#LINE#>83-87<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-149.pdf<#LINE#>AISECT University, Bhopal, MP, INDIA @ MANIT, Bhopal, INDIA @ MGCG University, Chitrakoot, Satna, MP, INDIA <#LINE#>25/6/2013<#LINE#>10
/7/2013<#LINE#>Lead is a highly poisonous metal affecting almost every organ and system in the body and introduced by transportation and other developmental activities. It is one of the oldest established poisons. Knowledge of its general toxic effects stretches back three millennia. Depending upon the exposure levels, lead is said to have both mild and adverse effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, growth and development, cognitive development, behavior, hearing, sight, movement and muscular activities and digestive, excretory and cardiovascular systems. At the extreme, lead poisoning can even cause death of the individuals affected by it. An attempt has been made through this article to throw light on various sources of lead toxicity and its effects on human health based on the past work done in this area. <#LINE#> @ @ Tiwari Seema and Tripathi I.P., Lead Pollution -  An Overview, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci1(5), 84-86 (2012) @No $ @ @ Davidson C.L., Rabinowitz M., Lead in the Environment, from sources to human receptorsNeedleman H .ed. Human Lead Exposure, Boca Raton, F L: CRC Press; (1992) @No $ @ @ Macarthy M.C.  Hafner  H.R. and Montzka S.A., Background Concentrations of 18 Air Toxic for North America ,J. Air Waste Manage , Assoc., 56 ,3-11 (2006) @No $ @ @ Patric, L. Lead Toxicity, a Review of the Literature, Part I: Exposure, Evaluation, and Treatment, Altern. Med. Rev., 11, 2-22 (2006) @No $ @ @ Goyer R.A., Transplacental transport of lead, Conference on Advances in Lead Research: Implications for Environmental Health, RTP, N.C. Environ. Health Perspect,89, 101-106 (1990) @No $ @ @ Goyer R.A., Toxic Effects of Metals. In Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, th. C.D. Klaassen, Ed. McGraw-Hill, NewYork (1996) @No $ @ @ Travis R.J., Solon O., Quimbo S.A., Tan C.M.C., Butrick E. and Peabody J.W.,  Elevated Blood –Lead Levels among Children Living in the Rural Philippines, Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 85( 9), 674-680 (2007) @No $ @ @ Jain N.B., Laden F., Guller U., Shankar A., Kazani S. and Garshick E., Relation between Blood Lead Levels and Childhood Anemia in India, Am J. Epidemiol.,161(10),968-973 (2005) @No $ @ @ HEI, Special report 15, Health Effects of outdoor Air Pollution in Developing countries of Asia: A Literature Review, Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, MA, (2004) @No $ @ @ Settle D.M. and Patterson C.C.,Lead in Albacore; Guide to Lead Pollution in Americans, Science; 207, 1167-1176 (1980) @No $ @ @ Mahaffey K.R., Joseph, Annest L., Robert J., M.S. and Robert, S., Murphy M.S.PH., National Estimates of Blood Lead Levels: United States, 1976-1980; Association with Selected Demographic and Socioeconomic factors, New. Engl.J.Med., 307(10), 537-579 (1982) @No $ @ @ Chisolm J.J., Lead Poisoning, Scientific American, 224, 17-23 (1971) @No $ @ @ Khan A.M. and Ghouri A.M., Environmental Pollution: Its Effects on Life and Remedies, Journal of Arts, Science  and Commerce, 2(2), 276-285 (2011) @No $ @ @ Willoughby E.C. and Wilkins S.E., The Lead Content of Human Blood, 639-657 (1938) @No $ @ @ Selander Stig and Cramer Kim Determination of Lead in Blood by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Brit.J.industr.Med.,25, 209-213 (1968) @No $ @ @ Danius D.A., Brinsfield T.H. and Williams E.E., Effect of Subclinical Lead Intake on Calves, U.S.  Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, JANIM SCI, 37, 169-173 (1973) @No $ @ @ Clausen J. and Rastogi S.C., Heavy Metal Pollution among Autoworkers, I Lead, BritishJournal of Industrial Medicine, 34, 208-215 (1977) @No $ @ @ Howard J.L. and Sledzinski G., Geochemical Behaviour of Lead in an Alfisol and an Ultisol at High  Levels of Contamination, Journal of Soil Contamination, 5(1), 1-7 (1996) @No $ @ @ Hernandez Avilla M., Smith D., Meneses F. Sanin H.L. and Hu H., The Influence of Bone and Blood Lead on Plasma Lead Levels in Environmentally Exposed Adults, Environmental Health perspectives,106(8), 473-477 (1998) @No $ @ @ Jaradat Q.M. and Momani K.A. Contamination of Roadside Soil, Plants and Air with Heavy Metals in  Jordan, A Comparative Study, Turk J Chem., 23, 209-220 (1999) @No $ @ @ Cake K.M., Bowins R.J., Vilancourt C., Gordon C.L., Mc Nutt R.H., Laporte R., Webber C.E., Chettle D.R., Partition of Circulating Lead between Serum and red cells is different for internal and External Sources of Lead, Am J Ind Med, 29, 440-445 (1996) @No $ @ @ Silbergeld E.K., Sauk J., Somerman M., Todd A., McNeill F., Fowler B., Fountain A., Van Buren J., Lead in Bone: Storage site, Exposure Source, and Target Organ, Neurotoxicology,14, 225-226 (1993) @No 
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Study on Noise Pollution level in Parks of Allahabad City, India<#LINE#>Nikhil@Kumar,Abhishek@James,Satyendra@Nath<#LINE#>88-90<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-162.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Science, School of Forestry and Environment, S.H.I.A.T.S., Allahabad-211007, UP, INDIA <#LINE#>13/7/2013<#LINE#>8/8/2013<#LINE#>The present work is concerned with assessment of Noise pollution at different parks of Allahabad on weekdays (Normal Days). In the present study the Noise level were measured with the aid of TES1350A sound meter along with GPS location of the monitoring sites. The Noise pollution was found to be more than 50 dB (A) during day and 40 dB (A) in night which are the prescribed standard level for Silent Zone by CPCB at all parks under investigation on weekdays. The Lnp values for Sumitranandan Park was 79.06 dB (A), P D Tandon Park was 77.81 dB (A) and Chandrashekhar Park was 77.68 dB (A); these parks had highest level of noise pollution whereas Lnp values Minto park was 75.58 dB (A), Bharadwaj Park was 70.08 dB (A) and Khusro Bagh was 67.50 dB (A); these parks recorded lower level of noise pollution. The reason behind high level of pollution was the traffic passing by the park at some parks while other parks had low level of noise due to presence of tree plantation or about 10 meter high boundary or height of park level was above the road level. Therefore the noise pollution can be significantly reduced by developing green zone around the park as well as building wall (noise barrier) around the park. <#LINE#> @ @ Vijayalakshmi K.S., Bunch  M.J., Suresh V.M. and Kumaran V.T., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Environment and Health, Chennai, India,Chennai: Department of Geography, University of Madras and Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, 597–603, (2003) @No $ @ @ Kisku G.C., Sharma K., Kidwai M.M., Barman S.C., Khan A.H., Singh R., Mishra D. and Bhargava S.K.,Profile of noise pollution in Lucknow city and its impact on environment,  Journal of Environmental Biology, 27(2), 409-412, (2006) @No $ @ @ Roberts H.C. and  Liu D.H., Environmental Engineers, Handbook C R C Press LLC, (1997) @No $ @ @ Tripathy, D.P., Noise pollution, A.P.H Publishing Corporation, (1999) @No $ @ @ Sharma V. and Joshi B.D., Assessment of Noise Pollution During Deepawali Festival in A Small Township of Haridwar City of Uttarakhand, India, Environmentalist,30, 216–218, (2010) @No $ @ @ Deka S., Study on noise pollution in different areas of Guwahati city, Assam, India, Indian J. Environ. & Ecoplan.,3(3), 633-636, (2000)@No $ @ @ Babisch W., Ising H., Gallacher J.E.J and Elwood P.C.,Traffic noise and cardiovascular risk, Arch Environ Health,43, 407–14, (1988) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A., Pawar M., Kumar D., Kumar N. and Kumar R., Assessment of Noise Level Status in Different Areas of Moradabad City, Report and Opinion, 2(5), 59-61 (2010) @No $ @ @  Omidvari M. and Nouri J., Effects of noise pollution on traffic policemen, Int. J. Environ.   Res., 3(4), 645-652(2009) @No $ @ @ Sagar T.V. and Rao G.N., Noise pollution levels in Visakhapatnam city (India), Journal of Environ. Science and Engg., 48 (2), 139-142 (2006) @No $ @ @ Roozbahani M., Mohammadi N. P. and Shalkouhi, P.J., Risk assessment of workers exposed to noise pollution in a textile plant, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 6(4), 591-596(2009) @No