International Research Journal of Vol. 2(4), 50-52, April (2013) International Science Congress Association Short Communication A New Record of Rotifer (family Dicranophoridae) from Survey of some PIR Panjal Waters, J&K, India Kour Sarbjeet Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road, Jammu, J&K Received 20th March Abstract Present investigation of 13 water bodies situated in pir panjal range of inner Himalayas is an attempt to record the rotifer diversity from these waters. Rotifers are the fascinating creatures in all types of fresh waters. They form an important interlace in the food web. Presently 7 lotic and 6 lentic waters were investigated from which 11 rotifer species were enlisted. Philodina showed the presence in all water bodies and presence of Dicranophorus hauerianus was on record for the first time from this area . Maximum diversity of rotifers was found in the lentic waters. Keywords: Lotic, lentic and diversity. Introduction Being the smallest in category of metazoan includes even human beings and having body organized into organ system, Rotifera are multicellular animals with body cavities being lined up by mesoderm. These diversity structured, 1500- 2000 species of heterotrophic organisms have about 2 500 micrometer length with exceptional species of few longer, ones (Rotaria neptunia. Rotifera is a group of primary freshwater invertebrates rotating wheel animalcules lack cell wall and posses unique distinguishing features from other anima l as being bilaterally symmetrical and possessing pseudocoelom, a fluid filled body cavity between two different tissue layers. The most unique and salient feature is the presence of corona- usually in the form of two lobes surrounded by beating cilia, whic h gives them a vivid impression of rotating wheels. Possessing transparent body, showing complex movements in varied life types and being ecologically important as indicator and purifier agents (since they feed on suspended organic particles, free swimmin rotifers are amongst the most fascinating creatures ever to encounter in aquatic environment4-8 . For an attempt to enlist these aquatic dwellers some water bodies running through the foot hills of mountain range lying in the inner Himalayan region commonly known as Pir Panjal range, in Jammu province of J&K state were surveyed. During present course enlistment was done from 7 lotic (Rajouri Tawi, Shadra, Bangi, Behrote, Mandi, Durangli, Dariya Surankote) and 6 lentic (Muradpur, Nagali bawli, Duran gli bawli, Dungus, Bawli, Azad mohalla) water sources (figure-1 and 2). Material and Methods In order to record the rotifer fauna inhabiting various water sources a detailed survey was conducted to take into record the Journal of Environment Sc iences________________________________ Int. Res. International Science Congress Association A New Record of Rotifer (family Dicranophoridae) from Survey of some PIR Panjal Waters, J&K, India Kour Sarbjeet , Sharma K.K., Shvetambri and Antal Neha Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Baba Sahib Ambedkar Road, Jammu, J&K - 180006, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in March 2013, revised 28th March 2013, accepted 9th April 2013 Present investigation of 13 water bodies situated in pir panjal range of inner Himalayas is an attempt to record the rotifer diversity from these waters. Rotifers are the fascinating creatures in all types of fresh waters. They form an important in the food web. Presently 7 lotic and 6 lentic waters were investigated from which 11 rotifer species were enlisted. Philodina showed the presence in all water bodies and presence of Dicranophorus hauerianus was on record for . Maximum diversity of rotifers was found in the lentic waters. Being the smallest in category of metazoan the group which includes even human beings and having body organized into organ system, Rotifera are multicellular animals with body cavities being lined up by mesoderm. These diversity structured, 2000 species of heterotrophic organisms have about 2 00- 500 micrometer length with exceptional species of few longer, Rotifera is a group of primary freshwater invertebrates . These rotating wheel animalcules lack cell wall and posses unique l as being bilaterally symmetrical and possessing pseudocoelom, a fluid filled body cavity between two different tissue layers. The most unique and usually in the form of h gives them a vivid impression of rotating wheels. Possessing transparent body, showing complex movements in varied life types and being ecologically important as indicator and purifier agents (since they feed on suspended organic particles, free swimmin g algae) rotifers are amongst the most fascinating creatures ever to . For an attempt to enlist these aquatic dwellers some water bodies running through the foot hills of mountain range lying in the inner Himalayan region commonly known as Pir Panjal range, in Jammu province of J&K state were surveyed. During present course enlistment was done from 7 lotic (Rajouri Tawi, Shadra, Bangi, Behrote, Mandi, Durangli, Dariya Surankote) and 6 lentic (Muradpur, gli bawli, Dungus, Bawli, Azad mohalla) In order to record the rotifer fauna inhabiting various water sources a detailed survey was conducted to take into record the maximum water bodies possible and then they were grouped into to either of the category viz. lotic or lentic. Collection of rotifers was done along various water sources by filtering 50 litres of water though the plankton net (bolting silk). Collection si te was mainly considered bearing marginal vegetation. Vegetation was vigorously shaken before filtering, in order to detach the organisms. Identification of the 4% formalin preserved samples was done in laboratory, using Olympus microscope while mastax wa separated using sodium hypochlorite method and verification of mastax was done as per Koste. Figure - Map of Jammu and Kashmir, India iences________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. 50 A New Record of Rotifer (family Dicranophoridae) from Survey of some 180006, INDIA Present investigation of 13 water bodies situated in pir panjal range of inner Himalayas is an attempt to record the rotifer diversity from these waters. Rotifers are the fascinating creatures in all types of fresh waters. They form an important in the food web. Presently 7 lotic and 6 lentic waters were investigated from which 11 rotifer species were enlisted. Philodina showed the presence in all water bodies and presence of Dicranophorus hauerianus was on record for maximum water bodies possible and then they were grouped into to either of the category viz. lotic or lentic. Collection of rotifers was done along various water sources by filtering 50 litres of water though the plankton net (bolting silk). te was mainly considered bearing marginal vegetation. Vegetation was vigorously shaken before filtering, Identification of the 4% formalin preserved samples was done in laboratory, using Olympus microscope while mastax wa s separated using sodium hypochlorite method and verification of - 1 Map of Jammu and Kashmir, India International Research Journal of Environment Vol. 2(4), 50-52, April (2013) International Science Congress Association Figure-2 Map of J&K showing study areas Results and Discussion From the survey of 13 water bodies, both Monogononts were recorded but the order Monogononta was List of inhabita Genera/Stations Family: Philodinidae Philodina sp. Rotaria neptunia Family: Colurellidae Colurella uncinata Colurella obtuse Lepadella ovalis Family : Lecanidae Lecane closterocerca Family : Brachionidae Brachionus bidentata Brachionus rubens Keratella tropica Family: Notommatidae Cephalodella gibba Family: Dicranophoridae Dicranophorus hauerianus Environment Sciences_______________ _________________________ International Science Congress Association Map of J&K showing study areas From the survey of 13 water bodies, both Digononts and Monogononts were recorded but the order Monogononta was represented by maximum number, with presence of 9 species belonging to 7 genera of 5 families (Colurellidae, Lecanidae, Brachionidae, Notommatidae, Dicranophoridae) all belonging to order Ploima (table-1). Assessment of maximum availability was headed by Digononts by the presence of family Philodinidae in all the surveyed bodies. All the genera presently recorded among Monogononts showed well marked distinction from eac h other and some features are enlisted in table-2. Rotifer diversity was also studied by various researchers in different water bodies10-11. The first ever record of hauerianus Dicranophorus was from a marginally vegetated mud pond with s hallow depth. This species had structural salient features as: Presence of ventral corona, two large frontal eyespots, reterocerebral sac, prominent parallel toes, segmented toe, without double caudal papilla. Table-1 List of inhabita nt Rotifers (+ shows presence) Rajouri Tawi Shadra Banghi Behrote Mandi Durangli Dariya Surankote Muradpur + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + - - - + - - - - + + - - - - - + + + - - + - - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - _________________________ ______ ISSN 2319–1414 Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. 51 represented by maximum number, with presence of 9 species belonging to 7 genera of 5 families (Colurellidae, Lecanidae, Brachionidae, Notommatidae, Dicranophoridae) all belonging to Assessment of maximum availability was headed by Digononts by the presence of Philodina genus of family Philodinidae in all the surveyed bodies. All the genera presently recorded among Monogononts showed well marked h other and some features are enlisted in Rotifer diversity was also studied by various researchers hauerianus species of genus was from a marginally vegetated mud pond with hallow depth. This species had structural salient features as: Presence of ventral corona, two large frontal eyespots, reterocerebral sac, prominent parallel toes, segmented toe, Nagali bawli Durangli bawli Dungus Bawli Azad Mohalla + + + + + - - - - + - - - - - - - - - + - - + - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - + - - - - - - + - - - - - - - + International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 2(4), 50-52, April (2013) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 52 Table-2 Table showing features of various genera identified. Genus/ Features Philodina Rotaria Colurella Lepadella Lecane Brachionus Keratella Cephalodella Dicranophorus Lorica Absent but presence of smooth cuticle Absent Present with two plates Present more or less circular Present Present with Dorsal and ventral plates fused laterally Present with two immovable plates fused laterally Present Present Mastax Ramate Ramate Malleate, Submalleate Malleate Malleate Malleate Malleate Virgate Forcipate Corona Lateral Well developed capable of retracting into mouth Dorsal Circular with circumapical band Anterior Ciliated anterior Not especially large Oblique and strongly convex Oblique or ventral Foot and Toes 4 plain toes (2dorsal, 2 terminal) 3 plain toes one dorsal 2 terminal Terminal short foot, 2 toes with tapering ends Well developed short foot, small acutely pointed toes Long and straight Foot long annulated retractile 2 toes Foot and toes absent Long pointed curved Prominant Habitat Littoral Free swimming leech like creeping Littoral Commesal, littoral Pasmmo-biotic Limnetic Planktonic/ limnetic Pasmo-littoral Littoral ConclusionBdelloides is among the most common variety of Rotifers in Fresh waters12. Same stands true in present observations where class Digononta is represented by Philodina of order bdelloidea. Data analysis indicates Philodina as the most suitable rotifer in these waters as it showed presence in all water bodies scanned. Another interesting factor documented is the diversity ranging from illoricates to well loricated rotifers.All the size types inhabit waters of Pir Panjal range is well documented from the encounter of one of the longest species (when fully stretched) Rotarianeptunia in a lentic water source. Over all preview states maximum diversity among vegetation which is a kind and protective habitat for these miniature which form the important representatives of aquatic food web. 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