International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Annual trend analysis of PM10 and NO2 in Non-attainment cities of Uttar Pradesh, India

    , ,

Author Affiliations

  • 1University School of Environment Management, GGS Indraprastha University, Delhi, India and
  • 2University School of Environment Management, GGS Indraprastha University, Delhi, India and Earth System Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
  • 3University School of Environment Management, GGS Indraprastha University, Delhi, India

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 13, Issue (2), Pages 17-28, April,22 (2024)

Abstract

Air pollution has become one of the biggest challenges for the 21st century. One of the largest states in India, Uttar Pradesh (UP), has been facing the repercussions of high air pollution levels in the form of mortality, diseases, and health risks. To monitor the levels of air pollutants, the annual trend of PM10 and NO2 have been analysed for the 17 non-attainment cities (NAC) of UP from the year 2013 to 2020. The annual data, taken from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Portal has been compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of PM10 (60µg /m3) and NO2 (40µg/m3).The average PM10 concentration of all the NAC exceeded the NAAQS by 3.1 times. Out of the 17 NACs, average PM10 concentrations were found to be greater than 200µg/m3 in seven NACs. The average NO2 levels were found below the standard, except for Meerut City. High levels of PM10 in the NACs of UP are a wake-up call for the policymakers that more stringent source-specific action plans are needed to be implemented in the NACs of UP to combat the growing air pollution crisis.

References

  1. Fuller, R., Landrigan, P. J., Balakrishnan, K., Bathan, G., Bose-O, Pollution and health: A progress update., The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(6), e535-e547.
  2. Yadav, N. K., Mitra, S. S., Santra, A., & Samanta, A. K. (2023)., Understanding Responses of Atmospheric Pollution and its Variability to Contradicting Nexus of Urbanization–Industrial Emission Control in Haldia, an Industrial City of West Bengal., Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 51(3), 625-646.
  3. IQAir (2022)., World Air Quality Report, 2022., Available at https://www.iqair.com/in-en/world-air-quality-report, Accessed on 17 March 2023.
  4. World population review (2023)., World Population by Count., Available at https://worldpopulationreview.com/ countries, Accessed on 17 March 2023.
  5. Gulia, S., Shukla, N., Padhi, L., Bosu, P., Goyal, S. K., & Kumar, R. (2022)., Evolution of air pollution management policies and related research in India., Environmental Challenges, 6, 100431.
  6. Sharma, K., Garg, A., Joshi, V., & Kumar, A. (2023)., Assessment of health risks for criteria air pollutants present in 11 non-attainment cities of Uttar Pradesh, India., Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 29(1), 103-122.
  7. Pandey, A., Brauer, M., Cropper, M. L., Balakrishnan, K., Mathur, P., Dey, S., ... & Dandona, L. (2021)., Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019., The Lancet Planetary Health, 5(1), e25-e38.
  8. Devi, N. L., Kumar, A., & Yadav, I. C. (2020)., PM10 and PM2. 5 in Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India: Chemical characterization, source analysis, and transport pathways., Urban Climate, 33, 100663.
  9. Ojha, N., Sharma, A., Kumar, M., Girach, I., Ansari, T. U., Sharma, S. K., ... & Gunthe, S. S. (2020)., On the widespread enhancement in fine particulate matter across the Indo-Gangetic Plain towards winter., Scientific reports, 10(1), 5862.
  10. Gupta, L., Bansal, M., Nandi, P., Habib, G., & Raman, R. S. (2023)., Source apportionment and potential source regions of size-resolved particulate matter at a heavily polluted industrial city in the Indo-Gangetic Plain., Atmospheric Environment, 298, 119614.
  11. CPCB (2023)., Source apportionment study of Kanpur, 2010., Available on https://cpcb.nic.in/displaypdf.php? id=S2FucHVyLnBkZg==. Accessed on 18 March, 2023.
  12. CPCB (2023)., Clean air action plan of Meerut, 2020., Available at https://cpcb.nic.in/Actionplan/Meerut.pdf. Accessed on 18 March 2023.
  13. UPECP (2023)., Clean air action plan of Gorakhpur, 2020., Available at http://www.upecp.in/assets/air_ pollution_action_plan/ActionPlan/Draftactionpla%20forGorakhpur.pdf. Accessed on 18 March 2023.
  14. IITK (2023)., Source apportionment study of Agra, 2020., Available on http://home.iitk.ac.in/~mukesh/Publications/ 2022_IIT%20Kanpur_UPPCB_Final-Report-Agra-Source %20Apportionment%20and%20Emission%20Inventory.pdfAccessed on 18 March 2023.
  15. Agarwal, S., Saxena, D. K., & Boyina, R. (2021)., Analysis of air pollutants in Covid 19 pandemic lockdown-A case study of Bareilly, UP, India., Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, 100087.
  16. EPA (2023)., Criteria Air Pollutants., United States Environmental Protection Agency. Criteria Air Pollutants | US EPA
  17. Saxena, P., and Sonwani, S. (2019)., Criteria air pollutants: chemistry, sources, and sinks. In Criteria air pollutants and their impact on environmental health (pp.7-48)., Springer, Singapore.
  18. CPCB (2023)., Manual Monitoring Data. Central Pollution control Board, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India., CPCB | Central Pollution Control Board
  19. State Portal (2023)., Districts & Divisions. Government of Uttar Pradesh, India., Districts & Divisions | Official website of State Portal, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India (up.gov.in)
  20. FSI (2019)., Indian State of Forest Report, 2019, 11.28 Uttar Pradesh., Available at https://fsi.nic.in/isfr2019/isfr-fsi-vol2.pdf. Accessed on 19 March, 2023.
  21. IBEF (2023)., Uttar Pradesh March 2021., Available at https://www.ibef.org/download/Uttar-Pradesh-March- 2021.pdf. Accessed on 19 March 2023.