@Research Paper
<#LINE#>The impact of the fast track land reform program on wildlife in the Bubiana conservancy in Zimbabwe<#LINE#>Noel @Dube,Oliver @Moyo <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2020-064.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Zimbabwe Open University, Box 346, Gwanda, Zimbabwe@Rushumbe Primary School, Bag 9176, Mwenezi, Masvingo, Zimbabwe<#LINE#>2/12/2020<#LINE#>16/7/2021<#LINE#>The main aim of the study is to investigate the impacts of the fast track resettlement program on wildlife in the Bubiana Conservancy of Mwenezi West District. A case study was done using a mixed methods approach where both qualitative and quantitative evidence was used. Stratified random sampling was used to choose a sample of 24 individuals from a population of 237 community members. During the study questionnaires, interviews and observations were used to collect data.  The study revealed that there are high levels of wildlife habitat destruction in the area which could be mainly attributed to clearing of land for cultivation, for homesteads and to create buffer zones against wild animals. Poaching is also rife in the area with sixty-five percent of the poachers in Bubiana Conservancy use wire snares followed by twenty-percent who use hunting nets and fifteen-percent who use dogs. There were also high levels of water pollution with plastics comprising approximately 50%of the pollutants, human waste 25%, old tins 15% and rags approximately 10% by volume.<#LINE#>Williams, Samuel Thomas (2011).@The Impact of Land Reform in Zimbabwe on the Conservation of Cheetahs and other Large Carnivores.@Doctoral thesis, Durham University.@Yes$Tshuma, L. (1997).@A matter of (In) Justice Law; State and the Agrarian Question in Zimbabwe (Vol. 4).@Harare. Sapes Books@Yes$Key, G. (1997).@Rhodesia Physical and Social Geography: Europa publications limited.@@No$Moyo, S. (1995).@The Land Question in Zimbabwe.@Harare, SAPES.@Yes$Moyo, S. (2002).@The Interaction of market and Compulsory Land Acquisition.@Processes with Social action in Zimbabwe. Harare SAPES Books.@Yes$Shaw, W. H. (2003).@They Stole Our Land: debating the expropriation of white farms in Zimbabwe.@The Journal of Modern African Studies, 41(1), 75-89.@Yes$Flick Uwe (2009). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. 4th Edition. Thousand Oaks CA, SAGE Publications Ltd.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Cohen Louise and Manion Lawrence (1994).@Research Methods in Education.@4th Edition, London, Routledge.@Yes$Bernard, H. R., & Bernard, H. R. (2013).@Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches.@Sage.@Yes$Leedy, P.D. (1980).@Practical Research:  Planning and Design.@New York.@No$Robson, C. (2002).@Real world research Blackwell.@2º edição.@Yes$Bell, J. (1987).@Doing your research project. Milton Keynes.@Open University Press.@Yes$Waugh, D. (2000).@Geography, An Integrated Approach.@Third Edition, Cheltenham: Nelson Thomas@Yes$Gwimbi P. and Dirwai C. (2003).@Research Methods in Geography and Environmental Studies.@Harare, Zimbabwe Open university.@Yes$Neuman, L. W. (2000).@Social Research Methods, Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.@New York.@Yes$Purchase, G., Marker, L. Marnewick, K., Klein, R. and Williams, S. (2007).@Regional assessment of the status, distribution and conservation needs of cheetahs in southern Africa.@Cat News: Status and Conservation Needs of Cheetahs in Southern Africa. 2007; Special Issue 3:44–46.@Yes
<#LINE#>An Assessment of Ambient Air Quality for Environment in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal<#LINE#>Sushila Devi @Shrestha <#LINE#>7-12<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2021-034.pdf<#LINE#>Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal<#LINE#>12/12/2021<#LINE#>13/3/2022<#LINE#>The growing vehicles, road widening activity were increased dust contamination, smokes in atmosphere which affect air quality of Kathmandu valley. It has a concern to improve for environment. The study was on ambient air quality monitored through field and laboratory analyses by using nine different parameters at different locations of Kathmandu valley. The particulate matters, PM10 ranged between 127 and 1193µg/m3 and PM2.5 ranged between 23 and 105µg/m3. The total suspended particles (TSP) at different location ranged between 240 and 1390µg/m3. These analytical values were higher than National Ambient Air Quality Standard values in Kathmandu. Gaseous pollutants like, SO2, NO2, benzene, lead, and ozone were mostly within acceptable levels. These particulate matters value could be minimized.  The stable city is recommended to continue the air monitoring system and bring suitable environment along with developmental activities. The construction is being a successful program and makes different changes. These are promoting air quality and environment.<#LINE#>NHRC (2016).@Situation analysis of ambient air pollution and respiratory health effects in Kathmandu Valley 2015.@National Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal@No$ICIMOD (2012).@Rapid urban assessment of air quality for Kathmandu, Nepal.@International center for integrated mountain development.@Yes$Marc-Andre, R., Chimonasa, M.R., Bradford, D. and Gessne, B.D. (2007).@Airborne particulate matter from primarily geologic, non-industrial sources at levels below National Ambient Air Quality Standards is associated with outpatient visits for asthma and quick-relief medication prescriptions among children less than 20 years old enrolled in Medicaid in Anchorage, Alaska.@Environmental Research, 103, 397- 404.@Yes$Ogrin, M. (2007).@Air pollution due to road traffic in Ljubljana.@Dela, 27, 199-214.@Yes$Potoglou, D. and Kanaroglou, P.S. (2005).@Carbon monoxide emissions from passenger vehicles: predictive mapping with an application to Hamilton, Canada.@Transportation Research Part D, 10, 97-109.@Yes$Muir, D., Longhurst, J.W.S., and Tubb, A. (2006).@Characterization and quantification of the sources of PM10 during air pollution episodes in the UK.@Science of the Total Environment, 358, 188-205.@Yes$Guerra, A.I., Lerda, D. and Martines, C. (1995).@Benzene emissions from motor vehicle traffic in the urban area of Milan: hypothesis of health impact assessment.@Atmos Environ. 29, 3559- 69.@No$Alves, C.A., Pio, C.A. and Duarte, A.C. (2000).@Particle size distributed organic compound in a forest atmosphere.@Environmental Science Technology, 25, 2113-40@Yes$El-Sharkawy, M. F. (2013).@Assessment of Ambient Air Quality Level at Different Areas inside Dammam University, Case Study, JKAU.@Met., Env. and Arid Land Agric. Sci., 24(2), 191-203.@Yes$De Kok, T.M.C., Driece, H.A.L., Hogervorst, J.G.F. and Briede, J.J.B. (2006).@Toxicological assessment of ambient and traffic-related particulate matter: A review of recent studies.@Mutation Research, 613, 103-122.@Yes$Sun, Y., Zhuang, G., Wang, Y., Han, L., Guo, J., Dan, M., Zhang, W., Wang, Z. and Hao, Z. (2004).@The air-borne particulate pollution in Beijing-concentration.@@Yes$Virtanen, A., Keskinen, J., Ristimaki, J., Ronkkِo, T., and Vaaraslahti, K. (2006).@Reducing Particulate Emissions in Traffic and Transport.@Libris Oy, Helsinki, Tekes, Finland.@Yes$Aryal, R.K., Lee, B.K., Karki, R., Gurung, A., Kandasamy, J., Pathak, B.K., Sharma, S. and Giri, N. (2008).@Seasonal PM10 dynamics in Kathmandu Valley.@Atmospheric Environment, 42, 8623-8633.@Yes$ICIMOD (2007).@Kathmandu valley environment outlook. International center for integrated mountain evelopment, Kathmandu, Nepal.@@Yes$MOPE (2017).@Air quality management action plan for Kathmandu Valley, Ministry of population and environment; Department of environment, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal.@@No$Lamare, R. E. and Chaturvedi S.S. (2014).@Suspended particulate matter in ambient air of Shillong, Meghalaya.@Indian journal of scientific research and technology, 2(6), 37-41.@No$WHO (2017).@Ambient air pollution: A global assessment of exposure and burden of disease.@World Health Organization, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream@Yes$CBS (2011).@Population Census 2011 of Nepal: National ort, Central bureau of statistics, Kathmandu, Nepal.@@Yes$CBS (2013).@Environment Statistics of Nepal.@Central Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu, Nepal.@No$CPCB (2013).@Guidelines for manual sampling and analyses.@Guidelines for the measurement of ambient air pollutants, Vol. I, Central pollution control board, national ambient air quality series: NAAQMS/36/2012-13. 62 p.@Yes$World Bank (2016).@The cost of air pollution: strengthening the economic case for action, 2016 by the World Bank.@undefined@Yes
<#LINE#>Isolation of Broad Spectrum Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria from Waste Water using 16s rDNA Technology<#LINE#>Jyoti @Jaglan,Andrew C. @Singer,Praveen @Sharma,Savita @Jaglan <#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2022-004.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India@UK Center for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Wallingford, United Kingdom@Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India@Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India<#LINE#>27/4/2022<#LINE#>12/7/2022<#LINE#>This study focuses on multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacteria prevalence in wastewater treatment plants specifically in domestic and medical college sewage treatment plants (STP) in Hisar district of Haryana, India. MDR was identified from wastewater samples using broth dilution and the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Results obtained from these methods showed 100% resistance against Ampicillin (AMP), Vancomycin (VAN), Tetracycline (TET) and Rifampicin (RIF).  Variable susceptibility was checked for other antibiotics like 60% to 51.9% for Chloramphenicol (CHL), 53% to 43.2% for Cephotaxime (CTX), 47% to 39% for Streptomycin (STR), 21% to 15.7% for Trimethoprim (TMP) and 27.1% to 13% for Ceftazidime (CAZ). Isolated antibiotic-resistant bacteria were identified by using 16s rDNA technology.<#LINE#>Greay, T. L., Gofton, A. W., Zahedi, A., Paparini, A., Linge, K. L., Joll, C. A., & Ryan, U. M. (2019).@Evaluation of 16s next-generation sequencing of hypervariable region 4 in wastewater samples: an unsuitable approach for bacterial enteric pathogen identification.@The Science of the Total Environment, 670, 1111–1124.@Yes$Sun, S.-J., Zhao, Z.-B., Li, B., Ma, L.-X., Fu, D.-L., Sun, X.-Z., Thapa, S., Shen, J.-M., Qi, H., & Wu, Y.-N. (2019).@Occurrence, composition profiles and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in municipal sewage sludge in China.@Environmental Pollution, 245, 764–770.@Yes$Wang, M., Shen, W., Yan, L., Wang, X.-H., & Xu, H. (2017).@Stepwise impact of urban wastewater treatment on the bacterial community structure, antibiotic contents, and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance.@Environmental Pollution, 231(Pt 2), 1578–1585.@Yes$Zhang, L., Shen, Z., Fang, W., & Gao, G. (2019).@Composition of bacterial communities in municipal wastewater treatment plant.@The Science of the Total Environment, 689, 1181–1191.@Yes$Jünemann, S., Kleinbölting, N., Jaenicke, S., Henke, C., Hassa, J., Nelkner, J., Stolze, Y., Albaum, S. P., Schlüter, A., Goesmann, A., Sczyrba, A., & Stoye, J. (2017).@Bioinformatics for NGS-based metagenomics and the application to biogas research.@Journal of Biotechnology, 261, 10–23.@Yes$Rasmussen-Ivey, C. R., Figueras, M. J., McGarey, D., & Liles, M. R. (2016).@Virulence factors of Aeromonas hydrophila: in the wake of reclassification.@Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, 1337.@Yes$Amador, P. P., Fernandes, R. M., Prudêncio, M. C., Barreto, M. P., & Duarte, I. M. (2015).@Antibiotic resistance in wastewater: occurrence and fate of Enterobacteriaceae producers of class A and class C β-lactamases.@Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 50(1), 26–39.@Yes$Stachurová, T., Sýkorová, N., Semerád, J., & Malachová, K. (2022).@Resistant Genes and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Wastewater: A Study of Their Transfer to the Water Reservoir in the Czech Republic.@Life (Basel, Switzerland), 12(2), 147.@Yes$Fadare, F. T., Adefisoye, M. A., & Okoh, A. I. (2020).@Occurrence, identification, and antibiogram signatures of selected Enterobacteriaceae from Tsomo and Tyhume rivers in the Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa.@PloS One, 15(12).@Yes$Fouz, N., Pangesti, K. N. A., Yasir, M., Al-Malki, A. L., Azhar, E. I., Hill-Cawthorne, G. A., & Abd El Ghany, M. (2020).@The Contribution of Wastewater to the Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment: Implications of Mass Gathering Settings.@Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 5(1), 33.@Yes
@Case Study
<#LINE#>How to practice low-carbon energy conservation and environmental protection in private universities –Take Xi'an Siyuan University as an example<#LINE#>Zhou @Yanbo,Zhou @Shiheng,Wang @Qinghua,Li @Dong <#LINE#>18-23<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2022-009.pdf<#LINE#>Xi'an Siyuan University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China@Xi'an Siyuan University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China@Xi'an Siyuan University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China@Xi'an Siyuan University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China<#LINE#>12/7/2022<#LINE#>8/9/2022<#LINE#>Since 2001, Xi'an Siyuan University has always adhered to the original intention of environmental protection, emancipating the mind, free oneself from old ideas and daring to be the first in the practice of sewage treatment, recycled water reuse and distributed heating energy saving, consumption reduction and promote scientific and technological progress. Use" quota management, metering and charging" to promote water and electricity saving for college students. Use the way of inviting in and going out to create alow-carbon and energy-saving exchange demonstration platform to give back and serve the society.<#LINE#>Yi, C., Zhou. M. & Feng W., et al. (2021).@Practice green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains.@Yangtze River Daily.@No$Qi, F., Hua, Q. L. & Wei, L.Z. (2021).@Carbon emissions to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in China.@@No$Zhou, S. H., Wang, Q.H., & Fu, B., et al. (2020).@A study of multi-year operation of MBR process in the Sewage treatment of Xi@Shanxi Science and Technology, 35(4), 84-87. (In Chinese).@No$Zhang X. M., Hao, J. Y., & Ma, Q. H., et. al. (2020).@Comprehensive Analysis of 9-year Running Data of A2O-MBR in Xi’an Siyuan University.@Meteorological and Environmental Research, 11(5), 139-143.@Yes$Zhou, S. H., Fu, B. & Li, D., et al. (2022).@Optimization of the Cleaning Process and Maintenance Scheme Analysis of MBR Membrane Module. Water Pollution and Treatment, 10(1), 13-25. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.12677/wpt. 2022.101003@undefined@No$Li，D., Zhang X. M. & Fu, B., et al. (2022).@The MBR Membrane Life Prediction in Universities’ wastewater Treatment through Big Data Technology-Taking Xi’an Siyuan University as an Example.@Advances in Applied Mathematics, 11(1), 583-589. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.12677/aam.2022.111065@No$Ran, C. Y., Zhou, X. L., & Wang, C. Q. (2009).@The amount of adjustable partition time-sharing is adopted Research on Warm Application.@Journal of Jilin Institute of Architecture and Engineering, 26(1), 75-78. (In Chinese).@No$Zhao, J. H., Zhang, L. G. & Fu, X. Y. (2010).@Research on energy saving and benefit analysis of time-sharing and temperature-sharing heating in public buildings.@Journal of Xi@No$Zhang X. M., Ma, Q. H., & Wang, Q. H., et al. (2021).@Economic Analysis of Distributed Heating-Taking the Heating Area of the No.4 Boiler Room of Xi’an Siyuan University as an Example.@Advances in Energy and Power Engineering, 9(6), 318-324. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10. 12677/aepe.2021.96034@No$Ma, Q. H., Zhang X. M., & Zhou, S. H., et al. (2021).@Comparison Study of Thermal Energy Consumption in Distributed Heating at Xi@Advances in Energy and Power Engineering, 9(6), 303-309. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.12677/aepe.2021.96032.@No$Zhang, S. Y. (2017).@Strengthening the Energy-saving and Low-Carbon Education Pathway for College Students.@Research on Logistics of Colleges and Universities, (2), 45-46. (in Chinese).@No$Zhou, Y. B. and Li, D. (2021).@The Enlightenment and Opportunities of Carbon Trading to the Reuse of Reclaimed Water.@Advances in Environmental Protection, 11(5), 1034-1039. (In Chinese). https://doi.org/10.12677/aep. 2021.115124.@No$Li, D. (2021).@A Study of the Necessity of Establishing the Conversion between Water Saving and Carbon Reduction.@Sustainable Development, 11(6), 785-790. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.12677/sd.2021.116095@No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Electronic waste as an emerging waste stream in Nepal: Current status and future prospects of management<#LINE#>Raj Kumar @Pandey,Saroj @Adhikari,Sandhya @Rijal <#LINE#>24-31<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2022-001.pdf<#LINE#>Nature Conservation and Study Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal@Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan@Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan<#LINE#>10/2/2022<#LINE#>17/6/2022<#LINE#>In Nepal, the term “Solid Waste” includes waste from any source such as household, industrial, chemical, medical, and electronic sectors. Electronic waste (e-waste) is regarded as one of the fastest-growing waste categories in Nepal due to the annual upsurge in the consumption of electronic appliances. Nepal generated 28 Metric Kilotons e-waste with an average of 900 grams per person. However, Nepal has not drafted a specific national policy for managing such waste. Informal sectors handlea substantial portion of e-waste using conventional methods. Those methods, however, are unsafe and usually lead to contamination of the environment that affects human health and vulnerable populations, including women and children. This paper provides an overview of the current e-waste management status in Nepal with some global exemplary insights, highlights the urgency for the formulation of national e-waste policies, and discusses the necessity for further research to ensure sustainable e-waste management.<#LINE#>Utkucan, E., Lobach, M., & Larson, W. (2010).@Sustainable E-waste Management: Using the FSSD in a Case study at NUR.@School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden.@Yes$One Global Definition of E-waste. (2014). https://www.step-initiative.org/files/_documents/white papers/StEP_WP_OneGlobalDefinitionofE-waste_201406 03_amended.pdf@undefined@undefined@No$Baldé, C. P., Forti, V., Gray, V., Kuehr, R., & Stegmann, P. (2017).@The global e-waste monitor 2017: Quantities, flows and resources.@United Nations University, International Telecommunication Union, and International Solid Waste Association.@Yes$Forti, V., Baldé, C. P., Kuehr, R., & Bel, G. (2020).@The global e-waste monitor 2020. Quantities, flows, and the circular economy potential.@1-119.@Yes$Dwivedy, M., & Mittal, R. K. (2010).@Future trends in computer waste generation in India.@Waste Management, 30(11), 2265–2277.@Yes$Mmereki, D., Li, B., Baldwin, A., & Hong, L. (2016).@The Generation, Composition, Collection, Treatment and Disposal System, and Impact of E-Waste.@E-Waste in Transition - From Pollution to Resource. https://doi.org/10.5772/61332@Yes$Shittu, O. S., Williams, I. D., & Shaw, P. J. (2021).@Global E-waste management: Can WEEE make a difference? A review of e-waste trends, legislation, contemporary issues and future challenges.@In Waste Management, 120, 549–563. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020. 10.016@Yes$Tanskanen, P. (2013).@Management and recycling of electronic waste.@Acta Materialia, 61(3), 1001–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.11.005@Yes$Beigl, P., Unger, N., Höggerl, G., & Salhofer, S. (2017).@E-Waste – From Collection To Secondary Resource.@October.@No$Widmer, R., Oswald-Krapf, H., Sinha-Khetriwal, D., Schnellmann, M. and Böni, H. (2005).@Global perspectives on e-waste.@Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 25 (5SPEC.ISS.), 436–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar. 2005.04.001@Yes$Robinson, B. H. (2009).@E-waste: An assessment of global production and environmental impacts.@Science of the Total Environment, 408(2), 183–191. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.044@Yes$Mmereki, D., Li, B., Baldwin, A., & Hong, L. (2016).@The Generation, Composition, Collection, Treatment and Disposal System, and Impact of E-Waste.@E-Waste in Transition - From Pollution to Resource. https://doi.org/10.5772/61332@Yes$Dai, Q., Xu, X., Eskenazi, B., Asante, K. A., Chen, A., Fobil, J., Bergman, Å., Brennan, L., Sly, P. D., Nnorom, I. C., Pascale, A., Wang, Q., Zeng, E. Y., Zeng, Z., Landrigan, P. J., Bruné Drisse, M. N., & Huo, X. (2020).@Severe dioxin-like compound (DLC) contamination in e-waste recycling areas: An under-recognized threat to local health.@Environment International, 139(April). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105731@Yes$Awasthi, A. K., Wang, M., Wang, Z., Awasthi, M. K., & Li, J. (2018).@E-waste management in India: A mini-review.@In Waste Management and Research, 36(5), 408–414. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0734242X18767038@Yes$Tipre, D. R., Khatri, B. R., Thacker, S. C., & Dave, S. R. (2022).@The brighter side of e-waste-a rich secondary source of metal.@https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12022-1/Published@Yes$BBC NEWS  Technology (2022).@A mobile is not just for Christmas.@Retrieved January 14, 2022, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/2603589.stm@No$Needhidasan, S., Samuel, M., & Chidambaram, R. (2014).@Electronic waste - An emerging threat to the environment of urban India.@Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-12-36@Yes$Pathak, P., Srivastava, R. R., & Ojasvi. (2017).@Assessment of legislation and practices for the sustainable management of waste electrical and electronic equipment in India.@Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78(March), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017. 04.062@Yes$Peiry, K. K. (2010).@Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal - Main Page.@United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law. https://legal.un.org/avl/ha/ bcctmhwd/bcctmhwd.html@No$Ilankoon, I. M. S. K., Ghorbani, Y., Chong, M. N., Herath, G., Moyo, T., & Petersen, J. (2018).@E-waste in the international context – A review of trade flows, regulations, hazards, waste management strategies and technologies for value recovery.@In Waste Management, 82, 258–275. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.018@Yes$Sthiannopkao S. & Wong M. H. (2013).@Handling e-waste in developed and developing countries: Initiatives, practices, and consequences.@Science of the Total Environment, 463–464, 1147–1153. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.088@Yes$Williams, I. D. (2016).@Global Metal Reuse, and Formal and Informal Recycling from Electronic and Other High-Tech Wastes.@Metal Sustainability: Global Challenges, Consequences, and Prospects, 23–51. https://doi.org/10. 1002/9781119009115.ch2@Yes$Nepal Telecommunications Authority (2017).@Consultation Paper on Regulatory Framework for E-waste Management Nepal Telecommunications Authority.@www.nta.gov.np@No$Awale, S. (2018).@What will Nepal do with its e-waste?.@| Nepali Times. https://www.nepalitimes.com/banner/what-will-nepal-do-with-its-e-waste/@No$Parajuly, K., Thapa, K. B., Cimpan, C., & Wenzel, H. (2018).@Electronic waste and informal recycling in Kathmandu, Nepal: Challenges and opportunities.@Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 20(1), 656–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-017-0610-8@Yes$Department of Customs (2022).@Ministry of Finance, Department of Customs.@Retrieved January 14, 2022, from https://customs.gov.np/@No$Rijal, K., & Sapkota, R. P. (2014).@Human Population and environmental problems in Nepal.@In Population Monograph of Nepal: Volume III (Economic Demography). http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/Population/Population Monograph of Nepal 2014/Population Monograph V03.pdf@Yes$Adhikari, S. (2016).@Solid Waste Management: Status and Challenges in Nepal.@Environment Statistics, 101.@Yes$Rautela, R., Arya, S., Vishwakarma, S., Lee, J., Kim, K. H., & Kumar, S. (2021).@E-waste management and its effects on the environment and human health.@Science of the Total Environment, 773, 145623.@Yes$Chi, X., Streicher-Porte, M., Wang, M. Y. L., & Reuter, M. A. (2011).@Informal electronic waste recycling: A sector review with special focus on China.@Waste Management, 31(4), 731–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.11. 006@Yes$Ramachandra T.V. and Saira Varghese K. (2016). Environment Ally Sound Options for E-Wastes. June.@undefined@undefined@No$Zhongming, Z., Linong, L., Xiaona, Y., Wangqiang, Z., & Wei, L. (2016).@Extended Producer Responsibility: Updated Guidance for Efficient Waste Management.@undefined@Yes$Halim, L., & Suharyanti, Y. O. S. E. P. H. I. N. E. (2019).@E-waste: current research and future perspective on developing countries.@International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 1(2), 25-42.@Yes$Mihai, F., & Gnoni, M. G. (2016).@E-waste management as a global challenge (introductory chapter).@E-Waste Management as a Global Challenge (Introductory Chapter), E-Waste in Transition-From Pollution to Resource, Dr. Florin-Constantin Mihai (Ed.), InTech.@Yes$Ismail, H., & Hanafiah, M. M. (2020).@A review of sustainable e-waste generation and management: Present and future perspectives.@Journal of environmental management, 264, 110495.@Yes$Imran, M., Haydar, S., Kim, J., Awan, M. R., & Bhatti, A. A. (2017).@E-waste flows, resource recovery and improvement of legal framework in Pakistan.@Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 125, 131-138.@Yes$Giri, J., & Adhikari, R. (2020).@Urgency of Proper E-Waste Management Plan in Nepal: An Overview.@Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 19(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.3126/njst.v19i1.29790@Yes$Khatri, B. B. (2075).@E-Waste Management: An Emerging Challenge in Nepal.@Nuta Journal, 6(2). http://www.greenpeace.org/@Yes$PACE Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (2017).@Final Report on inventory preparation of E-Waste and its Management in Kathmandu Valley@.@No$Asian Development Bank. (2013).@Solid waste management in Nepal : current status and policy recommendations.@www.adb.org@Yes
<#LINE#>Investigation of the Mobile Phone Revolution and its Impact on Environment<#LINE#>Tarakeswara Rao @Ippili,Arun Kumar @Jaiswal <#LINE#>32-37<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2022-007.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Journalism and Mass Communication, Mandsaur University, Madhya Pradesh, India@Dept. of Journalism and Mass Communication, Mandsaur University, Madhya Pradesh, India<#LINE#>23/6/2022<#LINE#>10/8/2022<#LINE#>The mobile phone has become an important part of our life today. Nowadays, children to the elderly have become dependent on this technology. In such a situation, it has some positive uses as well as negative effects, which are directly and indirectly affect the environment and the social life of the people. Anxieties have been elevated with regards to the sustainability concerning cellular handsets and their impact on people’s health and environment. This research paper will throw special light on the damage caused to the environment due to the increasing use and use of mobile phones in the present time. All the data and information introduced in this study were collected from a variety of sources of secondary information and different wellsprings of auxiliary information.<#LINE#>IITP (2008).@Infonetics Research: Mobile Subscribers to Hit 5.2B in 2011, access lines slowing everywhere but  CALA.@Available at: https://iitp.kr/en/2/notice/global News/view.it?identifier=0000615140 (accessed 30 May 2022).@No$Kalil, T. (2009).@Harnessing the mobile revolution. Innovations: Technology.@Governance Globalization, 4(1), 9.@Yes$O’Dea, S. (2021).@Smartphone users by country-worldwide 2021.@Available at: https://www.statista.com/ statistics/748053/worldwide-top-countries-smartphone-users/ (accessed 18 April 2022).@No$Soo, V. and Doolan, M. (2014).@Recycling mobile phone impact on life cycle assessment.@Procedia CIRP 15, 263-271.@Yes$Ylä-Mella, J., Pongrácz, E., & et al.  (2007).@Environmental Impact of Mobile Phones: Material Content.@Conference: International Conference on Solid Waste Technology and Management, At: Philadelphia, PA, USA.@Yes$Bharodiya, A. K. & Kayasth, M. M. (2012).@Impact of cell phones’ life cycle on human and environment:  challenges and recommendations.@J. Environ. Res. Dev., 7, 530–536.@Yes$Robinson, B.H. (2009).@E-waste: An assessment of global production and environmental impacts.@Science of the Total Environment, 408(2), 183–191.@Yes$Velmurugan, M. S. (2016).@Environmental hazards and health risks associated with the use of mobile phones.@Journal of Green Engineering, 5(2), 151-174.@Yes$Cocosila, M., Turel, O., & et al. (2007).@Perceived health risks of 3g cell phones: do users care?.@Communications  of the ACM, 50(6), 89–92.@Yes$Barnett, J., Timotijevic L, & et al. (2007).@Public responses to precautionary information from the Department of Health (UK) about possible health risks from mobile phones.@Health Policy, 82(4), 240–250.@Yes$Lakshmi, R., and Nagan, S. (2010).@Studies on Concrete containing E plastic waste.@International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(3), 270–281.@Yes$Thomée, S., Härenstam, A., and Hagberg, M. (2011).@Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances and  symptoms of depression among young adults–a prospective cohort study.@BMC Public Health, 11(66), 1–11.@Yes$Aghav, S. D. (2014).@Study of radiation exposure due to mobile towers and mobile phones.@Ind. Streams Res. J.  3(3), 1–6.@Yes$Baxter, J., Lyng, K.A., & et al. (2016).@High-Quality Collection and Disposal of WEEE: Environmental Impacts  and Resultant Issues.@Waste Management, 57, 17-26@Yes$Davis, J. J. (1995).@The effects of message framing on response to environmental communications.@Journalism  and Mass Communication Quarterly, 72(2), 285-299.@Yes$Irishnews, (2018).@How our smartphones are hurting the environment.@Available at: https://www.irishnews.com/ magazine/science/2018/03/02/news/how-our-smartphones-are-hurting-the-environment-1268849 (accessed 30 March 2022).@No$Envirotech, (2014).@How do smartphones affect the environment?.@Available at:  https://www.envirotechonline.com/news/environmental-laboratory/7/breaking-ews/how-do-smartphones-affect- the-environment/48339 (accessed 28 May 2022).@No$Martin, B. (2020).@The hidden environmental toll of smartphones.@Available at: https://www.bbvaopenmind. comen/science/environment/the-hidden-environmental-toll-of-smartphones/ (accessed 11 March 2022).@No$Sahib, S. S. (2011).@Impact of mobile phones on the density of honeybees.@Journal of public administration and  policy research, 3(4), 131-117.@Yes$Baxter, J., & Hanssen, I. G. (2016).@Environmental message framing: Enhancing consumer recycling of mobile phones.@Resources, Conversation, and Recycling, 109(2), 96-101.@Yes$Aday, W.R. (1975).@Introduction: Effects of electromagnetic radiation on the Nervous system.@Annals, New  York Academy of Sciences, 247(1), 15-20.@Yes
<#LINE#>An insight into upcoming Smart City Jammu: A vision full of challenges towards making a city smart<#LINE#>Shashi @Devi,Sheetal@.,Anil @Thakar <#LINE#>38-42<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2022-008.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Sciences, Government Degree College, Budhal, J&K, India@Department of Environmental Sciences, Government Degree College Boys, Udhampur, J&K, India@Institute of Mountain Environment, Bhaderwah Campus, University of Jammu, J&K, India<#LINE#>15/6/2022<#LINE#>4/7/2022<#LINE#>Due to India's dynamic population and migration from rural to urban regions, policymakers are required to find solutions to different issues such as pollution, overcrowding, crumbling infrastructure, financial limits, and resource constraints in order to continue growth. To combat these issues government initiated the flagship program of Smart Cities (SC) but the current narrative about Smart Cities is upgraded to Sustainable Smart Cities (SSC) owing to various difficulties, as it simply identifies cities with strong potential for smartness. Second, it ignores the city's role in resource management. In this article, we offered a brief assessment of the major smart city story components encountered during the building of Jammu Smart City (our study area) from July 2020- June 2021 as presented and pointed out the insignificance from the reality and from the sustainability of cities described by systemic thoughtfulness. This article outlines the numerous projects now underway in Jammu towards the implementation of a smart city, as well as the impediments in their implementations. Since 2015, Indian government has been committed towards developing and constructing 100 Smart Cities under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development to address the demands of its fast rising and urbanising population. This endeavour will encompass the creation of new municipalities as well as the augmentation of previously existent setups and renovation of existing cities. Smart technologies powered by the Internet of Things (IoT) can aid in mitigating the threat posed by urbanisation. The concept of smart city implementation in Jammu was included under the smart city banner during the third round of smart cities proposal in 2017-18, so the challenges associated with it along with the significant areas for the build out of smart city Jammu are presented briefly.<#LINE#>Aishwarya, N., Chellasamy, A., & Bhagat, S. (2021).@Smart City-Far and Near Dream in Indian Context.@Int. Journal of Computer Applications, 174(12), 25-31.@Yes$Su, K., Li, J., & Fu, H. (2011).@Smart city and the applications.@In 2011 international conference on electronics, communications and control (ICECC). 1028-1031. IEEE.@Yes$Rocco, P., Carmela, G. and Adriana, G. (2013).@Smart cities: Researches Projects and good practices for the cities.@Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 5-17.@No$Tiwari, A., & Jain, K. (2014).@GIS Steering smart future for smart Indian cities.@International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(8), 442-446.@Yes$Singh, K., & Sharma, N. (2016).@Smart cities in India: Key areas and challenges-case study of Chandigarh City.@International Journal in Management & Social Science, 4(1), 386-396.@Yes$Browne, N. J. (2020).@Regarding smart cities in China, the North and emerging economies—One size does not fit all.@Smart Cities, 3(2), 11.@Yes$Chourabi, H., Nam, T., Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., ... & Scholl, H. J. (2012).@Understanding smart cities: An integrative framework.@45th Hawaii international conference on system sciences, 2289-2297. IEEE.@Yes$Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Pichler-Milanovid, N. and Meijers, E. (2007).@Smart Cities: Ranking of European Medium-Sized Cities.@Vienna, Austria: Centre of Regional Science (SRF), Vienna University of Technology.@Yes$Ramaswamy, R., & Madakam, S. (2013).@The state of art: Smart cities in India: A literature review report.@International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, II, 12, 115-119.@Yes$Tcholtchev, N. and Schieferdecker, I. (2021).@Sustainable and Reliable Information and Communication Technology for Resilient Smart Cities.@Smart Cities, 4, 156–176.@Yes$Central Pollution Control Board (2022). https://cpcb.nic.in/. 04/05/2022.@undefined@undefined@No$Official Website of Jammu Municipal Corporation (2022). https://www.jmcjammu.org/. 08/06/2022.@undefined@undefined@No$Motor Vehicles Department (2022). https://jaktrans.nic.in/. 12/03/2022.@undefined@undefined@No$Ahmed, H.U., Huang, Y., Lu, P. and Bridgelall, R. (2022). Technology Developments and Impacts of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles: An Overview. Smart Cities MDPI.5, 382–404.@undefined@undefined@Yes