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Assessing the Positions of the Caspian Sea Littoral States (1991- 2013)

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Human Science Allameh Tabatabaii university, Allamehtabatabai IRAN

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 4, Issue (9), Pages 125-129, September,2 (2015)

Abstract

In recent history of the Caspian Sea, Iran and Soviet Union have played a major role in creating governing principles regarding the use of sea. Although, there were some customary procedures for the use of the sea, legal principles governing the sea were derived from the agreements concluded by these two countries. The system in international law of the sea is pursuant to the UN conventions on the law of the sea (1958 and 1982 Geneva conventions), but these two conventions have not assessed the subject of enclosed seas. In other words, the legal system of the Caspian Sea has not been defined based on the definitions in current conventions on the law of the sea, but it has firstly been determined according to the agreements and treaties concluded between two sea littoral states, Iran and Soviet Union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the agreements and treaties concluded among the new states (formed around the Caspian Sea) and Iran determine the legal system of this sea. Considering the importance of Caspian Sea for its littoral states, the main purpose of this paper is to assess the positions of these states regarding the sea since 1991 to 2013. Indeed, disagreement of the Caspian Sea littoral states on a legal regime has caused many problems to be emerged in terms of extraction energy resources such as oil and gas and use of fishery resources. Also, the environmental problems (such as pollution) resulted from disagreement on a legal regime threaten the life of Caspian Sea, the world's largest lake.

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