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Study of Physical and Chemical Properties of Biodiesel from Sorghum Oil

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, INDIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 3, Issue (9), Pages 64-68, September,18 (2013)

Abstract

There has been great awareness in the area of the development of biodiesel especially in the developing countries during the recent time. Significant research activities have been performed for its production and new development. Biodiesels can be the fuel of the future as it provides an option of economical, eco-friendly, alternative renewable energy source. In the present investigation sorghum bicolor seed oil and its methyl ester have been chosen to find out their suitability as petro-diesel. Experimental investigation has been made to find out the physico-chemical properties of sorghum oil. Laboratory scale quantities of sorghum oil biodiesel were produced through transesterification reaction using 100 g sorghum oil, 17% methanol (wt% sorghum oil), 1.0% sodium hydroxide catalyst at 60°C in 90 minutes. The experiments were triplicate and average results were evaluated. The obtained biodiesel was characterized as an alternative diesel fuel through series of ASTM and European organization (EN 14214) standard fuel tests. The transesterification process yielded 93.5% sorghum oil biodiesel. The sorghum oil biodiesel had 89.9% reduction of viscosity over its raw vegetable oil at 40°C. Higher specific gravity, pour point and cloud point were obtained and comparison has been carried out to petroleum diesel. Specific gravity values were found to favorable with results for other vegetable oil biodiesel. Results obtained were found to be within limits set by various International standards for biodiesel.

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