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Preparation and Study of Properties of Activated Carbon Produced from Agricultural and Industrial Waste Shells

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Nagpur Unit, 17/C-Telenkhedi area civil lines, Mah, Nagpur, INDIA
  • 2Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Administrative Premises, Ravindranath Tagore Marg, Mah, Nagpur 440001, INDIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 3, Issue (12), Pages 12-15, December,18 (2013)

Abstract

The activated carbon was prepared from carbonaceous agricultural waste Almond shell and walnut shell by chemical activation using ortho-phosphoric acid at 800 ± 5 °C. Walnut shells and almond shells were carbonized in an inert atmosphere and then the char was mixed with a solution of ortho-phosphoric acid. The mixture was then activated thermally in a nitrogen atmosphere and finally washed and dried to obtain the activated carbon. The objectives of this work were to develop a modified method to produce activated carbon from almond shell and to compare its physical and morphological characteristics with the activated carbon obtained from walnut shell. The internal structure of both the carbon was analyzed with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and the dye adsorption capacity of each carbon was determined according to the ASTM specifications (American Society for Testing and Materials). The results of FTIR ( Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) strongly support significant chemical and spectral changes occurring with the activation of the almond shells for phosphoric acid treatment. Activated carbon obtained from the almond shell showed a heterogeneous carbonaceous structure compared to walnut shell. The prepared activated carbon was characterized for dye adsorption and was found that methylene blue adsorption capacity of walnut shell activated carbon is 51% less compared to almond shell.

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