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Composition and Acute Toxicity Study on Aqueous Extract of Combretum dolichopentalum Leaf in Swiss Albino Mice

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NIGERIA
  • 2 Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, NIGERIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 1, Issue (8), Pages 72-75, November,18 (2011)

Abstract

Studies on the phytochemical and macronutrient composition of the leaves of Combretum dolichopentalum were carried out. The qualitative phytochemical composition shows the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid, glycosides and resins. The quantitative phytochemical composition shows that it contains 5.765 ± 0.002 mg/100g tannin, 80±0.003 mg/100g flavonoids, 0.033±0.003 mg/100g cyanide, 8.717± 0.003 mg/100g alkaloids, 17.86 ± 0.002 mg/100g saponins and 6.969±0.005 mg/100g steroid. The macronutrients obtained include 2.101±0.003 mg/100g soluble carbohydrate and 200.0±0.002 mg/100g reducing sugar. The result of acute toxicity (LD50), showed C. dolichopentalum leaf extract to be lethal at doses 3000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight. This study revealed that C. dolichopentalum is a rich source of phytochemical and reducing sugar, which if adequately processed will not only offer chemoprotective benefits to its users, but could also serve as a good source of nutrient.

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