@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Effect of digoxin treated mulberry leaves on Protein profiles in fifth instar larvae of Silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (PM x CSR2)<#LINE#>Khyade@Vitthalrao B.,Kulkarni@Jyoti A.<#LINE#>2-7<#LINE#>2.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Zoology, Shardabai Pawar Mahila College, Shardanagar, Tal-Baramati,Pune- 413115, INDIA@Dept. of Zoology, Vidya Pratishthan College, Baramati. Pune – 413102, INDIA. <#LINE#>13/3/2011<#LINE#>16/3/2011<#LINE#>The tablets of digoxin (Lanoxin) were to dissolved in water to prepare ten part per million (ten mg per litre) solution. The mulberry leaves were soaked in the stock solution of digoxin for half an hour. The Digoxin treated leaves were drained and fed to the fifth instar larvae of multivoltine cross breed (PM x CSR2) for the second, third, fourth and fifth day (from 48 to 120 hours after the forth moult ). The Larvae fed with untreated and water treated mulberry leaves were also maintained. Biochemical estimation of proteins (Soluble and total) was carried out at 120 hours after the fourth moult. Feeding the larvae with digoxin treated mulberry leaves were found variously reflected into improvement in protein profile of whole body, haemolymph and silk glands. Pattern of increase in soluble proteins and total proteins in whole body and haemolymph was found similar (36.584; 47.87; and 87.963, 91.428 percent respectively). Increased level of tissue proteins of silk glands was found 54.776 (soluble) and 43.373 (Total) percent. Improvement of protein profiles in the larvae fed with digoxin treated mulberry leaves may be explained away as due accelerated rate of digestion, absorption in the alimentary canal. Digoxin titre in the larval body may influence the development of tissue especially the silk glands that causes to accelerate the protein accumulation. Digoxins, the glycoside, exert acceleratory influence, especially on the midgut- glucosidase activity. Digitoxose, the glycone moiety of digoxin deserve cardiotonic activity. It may be improving cardiac physiology in silk worm. Feasible method for using digoxin for rearing larvae of silk worm should be established. <#LINE#> @ @  Agarell I.P.S. and Lundguist A.M., Physiology and biochemical changes during insect development in: The physiology of insects, Academic press New York, (2) 1,(1971) @No $ @ @  Riddiford L.M., Hormone action at the cellular level. In: Comprehensive Insect Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Eds. G. A. Kerkut and L.I. Gilbert, Pergamon Press Oxford, 8, 37-84 (1985) @No $ @ @  Riddiford L.M., Cellular and molecular actions of juvenile hormone: General consideration and premetamorphic actions, J. Adv. Insect physiology, 24, 213 – 214 (1994) @No $ @ @   Sehnal F. and Rambold, Brain stimulation of juvenile hormone production in insect larvae, Experientia, 41, 684 – 685 (1985) @No $ @ @  Bowers W.S., Fales V.M., Thomson M.J. and Uebel B., Juvenile and gonadotropic activity of 10 11 – epoxyfarnesoic acid methyl ester, Life Science, 4, 2323 – 2331 (1966) @No $ @ @   Slama K., Plant as a source material with insect hormone activity, Ent. Exp. Appl., 12, 721-728 (1969) @No $ @ @   Karlson P. and Schmialek P., Nachweis der Exkretion von juvenilhormonen Z. Naturf. 14 b: 821 (1959) @No $ @ @  Manville J. F., Gregus L., Slama K. and Von Rudoloff E., Occurrence of Juvabione type/ epijuvabione type insects juvenile hormone analogues in three Czechoslovakian firs., Coll.  Czech. Chem. Commun., 42, 3658- 3666 (1977) @No $ @ @  Krishnaswami S., Narasimhana M. N., Suryanarayana S. K. and Kumararaj S., Sericulture Manual- II: Silkworm Rearing, FAO United Nations Rome, 131 1973) and (1978) @No $ @ @   Lowery O.H., Rosenbrough N.J., Far A.L. and Randall R.J., Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent., J. Biol. Chem.,193, 265-275 (1951) @No $ @ @   Norman T.J. and Baily, Statistical methods in Biology (1955) @No $ @ @  Benchamin K.V., Jolly M.S., Benjamin D.A.I. and Ratnasen, The commercial application of juvenile hormone analogue ‘Manta ‘in silkworm Bombyx mori (L) and the economics, In: National seminar on silk research and Development, Central Silk Board Banglore, Page–73 (1983) @No $ @ @  Subba Rao G., Das S. K., Nandi S., Sompou R. and Sen S.K., Sericologia,28 (a),  543-548 (1988) @No $ @ @   Rajashekhargouda R., Studies on methods to increase the silk yield of Bombyx mori (L), Ph. D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, 243, (1991) @No $ @ @  Mamatha D.N., Nagalakshamma K. and Rajeshwara Rao M., Impact of selected Juvenile Hormone mimics on the organic constituents of silkworm Bombyx mori (L), Proceedings of NSTS – 99, 185 – 186 (1999) @No $ @ @  Vitthalrao B. Khyade, Patil S. B., Khyade S. V., and Bhawane G. P., Influence of acetone maceratives of Vitis vinifera on the larval parameters of silkworm Bombyx mori (L)., IndianJournal of Comparative Animal Physiology, 20, 14-18 (2002) @No $ @ @  Vitthalrao B. Khyade, Patil S.B., Khyade S.V. and Bhawane G.P., Influence of acetone maceratives Vitis vinifera on the economic parameters of silkworm Bombyx mori (L), Indian Journal of Comparative Animal Physiology, 21, 28-32, (2003) @No $ @ @  Vitthalrao B. Khyade, Influence of Juvenoids on silkworm Bombyx mori (L), Ph. D.Thesis, Shivaji University Kolhapur India (2004) @No $ @ @  Vitthalrao B. Khyade and Ganga V. Mhamane,, Vividh Vanaspati Arkancha Tuti Reshim Kitak Sangopanasathi Upyojana, Krishi Vidnyan, , 18-22 (2005) @No $ @ @   Vitthalrao B. Khyade and Jiwan P. Sarwade, Protein profiles in the fifth instar larvae of silkworm Bombyx mori (L), The Bioscan, 4(1), 41-44 (2009) @No $ @ @  Ghantaloo U.S., Influence of Digoxin on silkworm Bombyx mori (L), M.Phil Thesis, Alagappa University Karaikudi (Tamil Nadu) India (2007) @No $ @ @  Jagtap S.G., Effect of plant juvenoids on consumption and utilization of mulburrey leaves by silkworm Bombyx mori (L) M.Phil Thesis, Algappa University Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu (India) (2007) @No $ @ @  Shigematsu H., The nature of juvenoid on growth and Changes of protein amino acid and nucleic acid content in silkworm Bombyx mori (L) in the case of application of excessive dose, J. seric. Japan, 47, 292-300 (1978) @No $ @ @  Sen S. K., Sericologia, 28 (a), 543–548 (1988) @No $ @ @  Doane W.W., Role of hormone in insect’s developmental systems: Insects Ed. S.J., Counce Wadingaton, London/ New York: Academic Press, 1, 291 – 497. (1973) @No $ @ @  Cerny V., Doles L., Labler L., Sorm F. and Slama K., Dehydrojuvobione: a new compound with juvenile hormone activity from balsam fir, Tetrahedron Lett., 12, 1053 – 1057 (1967) @No $ @ @  Vinod D. Rangari, Glycosides. In: Pharmacognasy and Phytochemistry, First edition, Career Publication Nashik, 238-241 (2009) @No $ @ @   Williams C.M., The Juvenile Hormone of Insects, Nature,178, 212- 213 (1956) @No $ @ @   Williams C.M., The Juvenile Hormone- I Endocrine activity and corpora allata of the adult Cecropia silkworm, Biol. BullWoods Hole, 116, 323 – 338 (1959) @No $ @ @   Zaoral M. and Slama K., Peptides with juvenile hormone activity, Science, 170, 92-93 (1970) @No 
<#LINE#>Micronutrients and their Relationship with Soil Properties of Natural Disaster Proned Coastal Soils<#LINE#>Vijayakumar@R.,Arokiaraj@A.,Martin Deva Prasath@P.<#LINE#>8-12<#LINE#>3.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Engineering, Manipal University- 345050, Dubai, UAE@Department of Chemistry, AVC Mayiladuthurai, INDIA@PG and Research Department of Chemistry, TBML College, Porayar -609 307, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/3/2011<#LINE#>21/3/2011<#LINE#> Ninety six surface soil samples representing twenty villages of the recently tsunami affected areas of Nagapattinam taluk of Tamilnadu in India were analyzed for the  basic soil parameters viz., pH, EC, OC and OM.  The available micronutrients (DTPA extractable) viz., Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were investigated by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (ECIL, AAS-4129).  The availability of micronutrients and their relationship with soil properties were also studied. The result showed that the available micronutrients, Fe was found to be sufficient by 97% and Mn deficient by 100%, Zn was found to be sufficient by 53% and Cu deficient by 45% respectively.  Further, Fe showed positive correlation with OC but negative correlation with pH.  Mn also followed the same trend as that of Fe with OC, EC and pH.  Cu showed positive correlation with EC and negative correlation with pH and OC.  Zn showed negative correlation with OC and positive correlation with EC and pH.   <#LINE#> @ @  Singh C.P., Gupta S.P. and Gupta V.K., Determination of micro and secondary nutrients in ber (Zizyphus mauritana L) orchard soil profiles. Hariyana Journal of Horticulture science, 26, 199-202 (1997) @No $ @ @  FAO Calcareous Soils, FAO Soils Bulletin No. 21 (1973) @No $ @ @  Muhr G.R., Datta N.P., Shankara N. Subraney, Dever F, Lecy V.K. and Donahue R.R., Soil testing of India, USAID Mission to India (1963) @No $ @ @  Jackson M.L., Soil chemical analysis, prentice Hal of India Private Limited, New Delhi (1973) @No $ @ @  Paliwal M.L., Studies on Major and Micronutrient Status of Soils of Panchayat Samiti Bhinder Dist.Udaipur, M.Sc (Ag) Thesis, Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (1996) @No $ @ @  Takkar P.N. and Mann M.S., Agrochemica, 19, 420, (1975) @No $ @ @  Kameriya P.R., Characterization of soils of agro climatic zone of transitional plain of inland drainage Zone 11-A, of Rajasthan, Ph.D. Thesis, R.A.U., Bikaner (1995) @No $ @ @  Yadav R.L. and Meena M.C., Available Micronutrient status and their relationship with soil properties of Degana soil series of Rajasthan,Journal of the Indian Society of soil science, 57(1), 90-92. (2009) @No $ @ @  Sakal R, Singh A.P., Singh B.P., Sinha R.B., Jha S.N. and Singh S.P., Distribution of available micronutrient cations in calcareous soils as related to certain soil properties, Journal of the Indian Society of soil science, 33, 672-675. (1985) @No $ @ @  Tisdale S.L., Nelson W.L., Beaton J.D., Havlin J.L., Soil fertility and fertilizers, 5thEdition. Macmillan publishing Co., New Delhi,pp 144, 180, 198, 201 (1997) @No $ @ @  Lindsay W.L. and Norvell W.A., Development of DTPA soil tests for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. Soil Science Society of America Journal,42, 421-428 (1978) @No 
<#LINE#>The Evaluation of Soil Cementation Generated from the Function of Microorganism<#LINE#>Yao@Dongliang,Wang@Yutian,dong@Yan<#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>4.pdf<#LINE#> Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection Beijing, P.R.CHINA@Academy of Science and Technology Beijing, P.R.CHINA <#LINE#>19/3/2011<#LINE#>23/3/2011<#LINE#>Over past decade, a lot of huge earthquakes attacked urban and industrial areas all over the world. Focusing on an Asian area, 1995 Kobe Earthquake in Japan, 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake in Turkey and 1999 Ji-Ji Earthquake in Taiwan brought severe damage not only to building structures but also industrial facilities and lifeline systems. From the aspect of mechanical engineering, the author investigated a new methodology of ground strengthen by the microbial function was put forward in detail, in which soil cementation can be generated by incorporating calcium, organic matter and microorganism into soil. A case study was performed in order to evaluate the degree of soil cementation generated by the microbial function, using Trigger and Accelerometer method (TA method) for the calibration of shear wave velocities transmitted in a specimen. Results showed an obvious change in shear wave velocities was observed during the experiments implying that the TA method is able to evaluate the level of cementation developed in soil in a non-destructive manner. <#LINE#> @ @  Kawasaki S., Murao A. Hiroyoshi N. Tsunekawa, M. and Kaneko K., Fundamental study on microbial cementation grout, Oyo-Chishitsu, 47(1), 2-12. (2006) @No $ @ @  Hata T., Kuwano R. and Abe H. Fundamental study of in-situ permeability control technique using microbial function, Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G, Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 64 (2), 168-176, (2008) @No $ @ @  AnhDan L.Q. Koseki J. and Sato T. Comparison of Young’s moduli of dense sand and gravel measured by dynamic and static methods, Geotechnical Testing Journal, 25(4), 349-368 (2017) @No $ @ @  Asada Bin, Earthquake Prediction Techniques (1982) @No $ @ @  Kasahara, K., Earthquake Mechanics (1980) @No $ @ @  Ritchie David, Superquake 1988), Tyckoson, D. A., ed., Earthquake Prediction, 1986), Walker, Bryce, Earthquake 1982), Wenkam, Robert, The Edge of Fire: Volcano and Earthquake Country in Western North America and Hawaii 1987), Wood, R. M., Earthquake and Volcano 1987), Copyright 1995 by Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc.(2017) @No 
<#LINE#>A Simple and Efficient Procedure for Synthesis of Biologically Active 1,2,4-Triazolo-[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole -2-aryl-thiazolidine-4-one Derivatives<#LINE#>Parmar@Kokila,Prajapati@Sarju,Patel@Rinku,Patel@Rekha<#LINE#>18-24<#LINE#>5.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry,Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan-384265, INDIA<#LINE#>21/3/2011<#LINE#>25/3/2011<#LINE#>  Some new and biologically active [1,2,4] triazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazole-2-aryl-thiazolidinone-4-ones were synthesized by reaction of Schiff bases with mercapto acetic acid in presence of THF with adding anhydrous ZnCl. The structure of the synthesized  compounds have been estabilished on the bases of IR, PMR, CMR and elemental analysis. The compounds have been evaluated for antibacterial activity againstB. subtilis,S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli.<#LINE#> @ @  Kumar S., Rajendraprasad G.V., Mallikarjuna Y., Chandrashekar B.P., Kistayya S.M., Eur. J. Med. Chem.,45, 2063, (2010) @No $ @ @   Mallikarjuna B.P.,  Sastry  B. S.,   Kumar  G.V.,  Rajendraprasad  Y., Chandrashekar  S.M.,  Sathisha K.  Eur . J. Med. Chem.,44, 4739, (2009) @No $ @ @   Onkol  T.,  Cakir B.,  Sahin M. F. Turk. J. Chem.,28, 461, (2004) @No $ @ @   Schenone  S.,  Bruno  O.,  Ranise  A., Bondavalli F.,Filippeli W.,  Falcone  G., Giordano  L., Vitelli M. R. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 9, 2149, (2001) @No $ @ @   Holla B. S.,  Gonsalves R.,  Shenoy,  Eur. J. Med. Chem.,35,267, (2000) @No $ @ @   Gokce M.,  Cakir B.,  Erol K., Sahin M. F., Arch. Pharm.,334, 279, (2001) @No $ @ @   Laddi U. V.,  Desai S. R., Bennur R. S.,  Bennur S. C., Ind. J. Heterocycl.  Chem.,11, 319, (2002) @No $ @ @   Sahin G., Palaska, E., Melike Ekizoglu, O. M., Il Farmaco., 57, 539, (2002) @No $ @ @   Farghaly A.A.H., J. Chin. Chem. Soc.,51, 147, (2004) @No $ @ @  Czarnocka J.A., Focks H., Nasal A.,  Petrusewicz J.,  Damasiewicz B.,  Radwanska A., Kaliszan R.,Pharmazie., 46, 109, (1991) @No $ @ @  Srivastava J., Swarup S., Saxena V.K.,  Chaudhary B.L., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 68, 103, (1991) @No $ @ @  Unangst P.C., Shrum G.P., Connor D.T., Dyer R.D.  Schrier D.J., J. Med. Chem.,35, 3691, (1992) @No $ @ @  Fargahly, A.R., De Clercq E.D., El-Kashef H.,  Arkivoc., 10, 137, (2006) @No $ @ @  Omar A.M., Aboulwafa O.M., J. Heterocycl. Chem., 23, 1339, (1986) @No $ @ @  Kurtzer F., Kartitzky A.R., Boulton A.J. Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry; Academic Press: New  York,  5, 165, (1965) @No $ @ @  (a) Hui X.P.,  Zhang L.M.,  Zhang Z,Y., Wang, Q.,  Wang, F., J. Chin.Chem.Soc.,47, 535, 2000,(b) Abdallah, M.A.,  Riyadh S.M.,  Abbas I.M. S.,  Gomha M., J. Chin. Chem. Soc.,52, 987, 2005, (c) Zhang, Z.Y., Sun, X.W., Heterocycles.,48, 561, (1986) @No $ @ @  Forougghifar N., Mobinikhaledi A., Ebrahimi S.,J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 56, 1043, (2009) @No $ @ @   Desai, N.C., Shukla, H.K., Thakar, K.A., J. Indian Che, Soc.,61, 239, (1984) @No $ @ @   Vicini P., Geronikaki A., Anastasia K., Incerti, M., Zani, F., Bio. Org. and Med. Chem.,41(11)3859 (2006) @No $ @ @   Dwirvedi V. Agarwal R. K., Asian. J. Chem. 4,780 (1992) @No $ @ @   Solanki A., Kishore K., Asian. J. Chem.,6, 177, (1994) @No $ @ @   Choudari B. R., Shinde D. B., Shingare M. S., Asian. J. Chem., 7, 832, (1995) @No $ @ @  23.   Gopala Kutty N., Bhat A.R. J. Indian. Chem, 70, 178, (1993) @No $ @ @   Shah N., Pant C. K., Joshi P. C., Asian. J. Chem., 95, 83, (1993) @No $ @ @  Shah, N., Pant, C. K.  Joshi, P. C., Asian. J. Chem., 95, 83 (1993) @No 
<#LINE#>Mechanistic study of chromium (VI) catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol by polymer supported chromic acid<#LINE#>Sonawane@Vilas Y.<#LINE#>25-30<#LINE#>6.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry,B.Raghunath College, Parbhani, 431 401 Maharashtra, INDIA <#LINE#>17/3/2011<#LINE#>23/3/2011<#LINE#> The oxidation of benzyl alcohol has been studied spectrophotometrically to compare the polymer substrate supported reagent with a commercially available cross-linked polymeric reagent. The reagent supported on anion exchange resin was found to be more efficient in the oxidation reaction. The reagent is very easily separated from the reaction mixture and can be manually removed from the reaction mixture, which remains clear during and after the reaction. The kinetics of oxidation of benzyl alcohol with chromic acid supported on anion exchange resin like Tulsion-T-52 A [Cl] in 1, 4-dioxane has been studied. The reaction is found to be of zero order each in concentration of alcohol and oxidant. The oxidation product have been isolated and characterized by its derivative, UV and FT-IR spectral studies. The effect of substituent’s on the rate of oxidation and the thermodynamic parameters were determined with respect to slow step of mechanism.  <#LINE#> @ @  Corey E. J. and Schmidt G.,  Tetrahedron Lett., 20, 399 (1979) @No $ @ @  Bhattacharjee M. N. Choudhari M. K. Dasgupta H. S., Roy N. and Khating D. T., Synthesis., 58 (1982) @No $ @ @  Corey E. J.  Barette E.P.M. and Margrious P.A., Tetrahedron Lett., 24, 5855 (1985) @No $ @ @  Climinale F., Camporeale M., Mello R., Troisi L.and Curci R., Chem. Soc.,Perkon Trans., , 417 (1989) @No $ @ @  Sharma G. G. and Mahanti M. K.  Bull., Soc  Chem. Fr., 128, 449 (1991) @No $ @ @  Balasubramanian K. and Pratibha V., Indian J. Chem., Sec. B., 25, 326 (1986) @No $ @ @  Narayana B. and Tam Cherian, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 16, 197 (2005) @No $ @ @  Jawanjal A. L. and Hilage N. P., Indian J.Chem., 44A, 1827 (2005) @No $ @ @  Kakde S.A. and Hilage N.P., Trans. Metal Chem., 32, 940-943 (2007) @No $ @ @  Cainelli G., Cardillio G., Orena M. and Sardri S., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 98, 6767 (1976) @No $ @ @  Brunlet T.,  Jouitteau C. and Gelhard G.,  J. Org. Chem.,51 , 4016 (1986) @No $ @ @  Mosher W. A., Clement H. and Hillard R. L.,  J. Am .Chem. Soci., 29, 565 (1993) @No $ @ @  Watanabe W. and Westheimer F. H., J. Chem. Phys., 61, 17 (1979) @No $ @ @   Salunke M. M., Salunke D. G., Kanade A. S., Mane R. B. and Wadgaonkar P. P., Synth Commun.,2B, 1143 (1990) @No $ @ @  Matsuo J., Kawana A., Pudhon K., and Mukaiyama T., Chem. Lett., 250(2002) @No $ @ @    Hutchins R. O., Natale N. R., and Cook W. J., Tetrahedron Lett., 4167 (1977) @No 
<#LINE#>Inhibition of Corrosion of Zinc in Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Red Onion Skin Acetone Extract<#LINE#>James@A.O.,Akaranta@O.<#LINE#>31-37<#LINE#>7.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, NIGERIA <#LINE#>23/3/2011<#LINE#>26/3/2011<#LINE#> The inhibition of the corrosion of zinc by acetone extract of red onion skin in hydrochloric acid solutions has been studied using weight loss method. The results of the study reveal that different concentrations of the extract inhibit zinc corrosion. Inhibition efficiency of the extract is found to vary with concentration and temperature. The active component in red onion skin is Quercetin. Acetone extract of red onion skin could serve as an effective and non-toxic inhibitor of the corrosion of zinc in hydrochloric acid solution. <#LINE#> @ @  Orubite K.O. and Oforka N.C., Corrrosion inhibition of zinc in HCl using Nypa FruticansWurmb extracts, Jour. of Applied Sciences and Environmental management,8 (1), 56 -61 (2004) @No $ @ @  Loto C.A., The effect of Vernomia amygdalina (bitter leaf) solution extract on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel, Nig. Cor. Jour., 19(1), 20 – 28 (1998) @No $ @ @  Chauhara L.R. and Gunasekara G., Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution by Zenthoxylum alatum plant extracts, Jour. Corrosion Science,11, 1016 (2006) @No $ @ @  Abiola O.K., Oforka N.C. and Ebenso E.E., A potential corrosion inhibition for acid corrosion of mild steel, Electrochemistry,20(9), 409 – 413 (2004) @No $ @ @  Ita B. I. and Edem C.A., Inhibition of steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solutions by green A and erythrosine dyes,  6(2), 239 –242 (2000) @No $ @ @  James A.O. and Etela A.O., Aloe vera: An inhibitor of aluminium corrosion in Hydrochloric acid, International Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 3(3), 159-163 (2008) @No $ @ @  James A.O., Oforka N.C. and Abiola O.K., Inhibition of acid corrosion of mild steel by pyridoxal and pyridoxol hydrochloride, Int. Jour. Electrochem. Sci., 2, 278 – 284 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Hydro chemical changes in two eutrophic lakes of Central India after immersion of Durga and Ganesh idol<#LINE#>Dhote@Sangeeta,Dixit@Savita<#LINE#>38-45<#LINE#>8.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry Maulana Azad National Institute of technology, Bhopal (MP), INDIA <#LINE#>23/3/2011<#LINE#>28/3/2011<#LINE#>India is the country of rich cultural heritage and festivals. Peoples here religiously follow the rituals and enjoy festivity. In Indian mythology, water is one out of the five elements, which form the universe. Water bodies play the significant vital role in performing rituals. These rituals including taking holy dip in scared rivers idol immersion and tazia immersion. Thousands of these idols, tazias are immersed in different water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rivers and canals in and around different parts of India. Similarly during the mohhrum festival, muslim community immerses tazias every year1 , These idols are made up of plaster of paris, clay and cloth supported by small iron rods, and is painted with different metal-based paints. On immersion of these idols in the water bodies, the water is contaminated with these metal paints and a change in chemical load in the water body is expected. When idols immersed, these colored chemicals dissolve slowly leading to significant alteration in the water quality. Thousands of Ganesh & Durga idols of various sizes reaching heights up to 45 to 50 feet are immersed in different parts of the country. <#LINE#> @ @   Shukla, S. S., Effect of public awareness campaign inmitigating impact of religious activities on Bhopal lakes, Abstract in image of water in religion, myths, literature, Switzerland, Global Biodiversity Forum, 17(2)(2004) @No $ @ @  Mukerjee, A., Religious activities and management of water bodies, Case study of idol immersion in context of urban lakes management, International Water History Association, 3(3)(2005) @No $ @ @  Reddy Vikram M., and Kumar Vijay A., Effect of Ganesh Idol Immersion on some water quality parameter of Hussain Sagar, CurrentScience1412(2001) @No $ @ @  Suchi et.al., NutrientOverloading of a Freshwater lake in Bhopal, IndiaElectronic Green Journal, Issue 21 (2005) @No $ @ @  WQM Report., Annual report on water quality monitoring of upper and lower lakes Bhopal. Volumes I (1999) @No $ @ @  Varughese B., Dhote S., Pani S. and Mishra S.M., Impact of artificial aeration and ozonization on pathogenic bacteria of a tropical sewage fed lake, Poll. Res., 23(1), 199-203 (2004) @No $ @ @  APHA., Standard methods for examination of water and waste water, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 21st Edition. (2005) @No $ @ @  NEERI Manual of water and pollution control 1, 9, 25 (1991) @No $ @ @  ICMR, Manual of standards of quality for drinking water supplies special report series No.44, 2nd edition, ISI, (1991) @No $ @ @  West Bengal pollution control board report, Effect of idol immersion in the River Ganga, A Case Study 2002-(2003) @No $ @ @  WHO, World Health Organization Tech. Report Sr. No. 406(2017) @No $ @ @  Vyas A. et al., Asian J. Exp. Sci., 20(2), 289-296 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>A  Rapid Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Chromium in Environmental Samples using Bis (salicylaldehyde) orthophenylenediamine<#LINE#>@AhmedM.Jamaluddin,Reazul@HaqueM.<#LINE#>46-59<#LINE#>9.pdf<#LINE#> Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry,  University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, BANGLADESH.<#LINE#>26/3/2011<#LINE#>28/3/2011<#LINE#>  A very simple, ultra-sensitive and fairly selective spectrophotometric method is presented for  the rapid determination of chromium at trace level using bis(salicylaldehyde)orthophenylenediamine (BSOPD). The method is based on the reaction of non-absorbing BSOPD in a strong acidic (5.0 M SO ) media with chromium(VI) to produce a highly absorbing orange colored chelate-product  that has an absorption maximum at 478 nm. The reaction is instantaneous and the absorption remains stable for 6 hours. The average molar absorption coefficient and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 1.67×104 L mol-1 cm-1 and 10.0 ng cm-2 of chromium (VI), respectively. Linear calibration graphs were obtained for 0.02 – 4.0 mgL-1 of Cr (VI). A large excess of over 50 cations, anions and complexing agents (e.g. EDTA, tartrate, oxalate, citrate, phosphate, thiocyanate etc.) do not interfere in the determination. The method was successfully used for the determination of chromium in several Standard Reference Materials (steels and alloys), environmental waters and solutions containing both chromium (III) and chromium (VI) as well as some complex synthetic mixtures. The method has high precision and accuracy (s = ± 0.0 for 0.5 mg L-1). <#LINE#> @ @  Arya S. P.  and Bansal A., Spectrophotometric determination of chromium(VI) with ferron, Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 348(11), 772-775 (1994) @No $ @ @  Braver, E. R. and Infante, P. An analysis of lung cancer risk from exposure to hexavalent chromium. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, 5(5), 365-378 (1985) @No $ @ @  Burns D. T., Harriott M. and Barakat, S. A., Spectrophotometric determination of chromium(VI) by extraction of benzyltributylammonium dichromate, Analytica Chimica Acta, 259(1), 33-35 (1992) @No $ @ @  Burns D. T. and Dunford M. D., Spectrophotometric determination of chromium(VI) by extraction of protriptylinium dichromate, Analytica Chimica Acta, 319(1-2),205-207 (1996) @No $ @ @  Burns D. T. and Dangolle C. D. F., Spectrophotometric determination of chromium(VI) by extraction of the dichromate anion into propylene carbonate,  Analytica Chimica Acta, 356, 145-148 (1997) @No $ @ @  Cheng Ya-Hong, Tian  Feng-shou and Qing-qing M. A., Dual wavelength Spectrophotometric determination of chromium(VI) in waste water, Metallurgical Analysis, 29(1), 67-69 (2009) @No $ @ @  Clesceri L. S., Greenberg A. E. and Eaton A. D., Standard Methods for  the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association, 17th edn., Washington, D.C., (1989) @No $ @ @  Cohen M. D. and Kargacin B., Mechanisms of chromium carcinogenicity and toxicity, CriticalReviews in Toxicology, 23(3), 255-281 (1993) @No $ @ @  Dayan A. D. and Paine A. J., Mechanisms of chromium toxicity, carcinogenicity and allergenicity review of the literature from 1985 to 50 2000, Human and Experimental Toxicology, 20(9), 439-451 (2001) @No $ @ @  De Flora S. and Badolati G. S., Circadian reduction of chromium in the gastric environment, Mutation Research, 192(3), 169-174 (1987) @No $ @ @  Deng J. F. and Fleeger A. K., An outbreak of chromium ulcer in a manufacturing plant, Veterinary and Human Toxicology, 32(2), 142-146(1990) @No $ @ @  Gibb H. J. and Lees P. S., Clinical findings of irritation among chromium chemical production workers, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 38(2), 127-131 (2000) @No $ @ @  Hayes R. B. and Lilienfeld A. M., Mortality in chromium chemical production workers: a prospective study, International Journal of Epidemiology, 8(4), 365-374 (1979) @No $ @ @  Hoshi S.,  Konuma  K., Sugawara K., Uto M. and Akatsuka, K., The simple and rapidspectrophotometric determination of trace chromium(VI) after preconcentration as its colored complex on chitin,Talanta,  47(3), 659-663 (1998) @No $ @ @  Kamburova M., Spectrophotometric determination of chromium with Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride and Tetrazolium Violet, Talanta, 40(5), 707-711 (1993) @No $ @ @  KamburovaM., Iodnitrotetrazolium chloride—A new analytical reagent for determination of chromium, Talanta, 40(5), 725-728 (1993) @No $ @ @  KamburovaM. Spectrophotometric determination of chromium (VI) with Methylene Blue, Talanta,  40(5), 713-717 (1993) @No $ @ @  Kiilunen M. and Kivisto H., Exceptional pharmacokinetics of trivalent chromium during occupational exposure to chromium lignosulfonate dust. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, 9(3), 265-271 (1983) @No $ @ @  Langard S. and Norseth T., A cohort study of bronchial carcinomas in workers producing chromate pigments, British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 32(1), 62-65 (1975) @No $ @ @  Manzoori J. L., Sorouraddin, M. H., Shemiran, F., Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Chromium (VI) and Total Chromium in Drinking Water by the Sorption of Chromium Diphenylcarbazone with Surfactant Coated Alumina,  Analytical Letters, 29(11)  2007 -2014 (1996) @No $ @ @  Narayana B. and Cherian T., Rapid spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of chromium using variamine blue as a chromogenic reagent, J. Braz. Chem. Soc.,  16(2) 197-201 (2005) @No $ @ @  Ojefda C. B., De Torres, A. Garcia, Rojas F. S., and Pavon J. M. C.,  Analyst, 112, 1499 (1987) @No $ @ @  Parker G. A., Analytical Chemistry of Molybdenum, Springer-Vergal, Berlin, (1983) @No $ @ @  Pathania D. and Siddiqi Z. M., Spectrophotometric detection of chromium(VI) in water samples and chrome liquor with new reagent, Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 8(8), 630-639 (2009) @No $ @ @  Polak L. and Turk J. L., Studies on contact hypersensitivity to chromium compounds, Progress in Allergy, 17, 145-226 (1973) @No $ @ @  Schaffer A. W. and Pilger, A., Increased blood cobalt and chromium after total hip replacement. Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 37(7),839-844 (1999) @No $ @ @  Samitz M. H., Ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of toxic effects from chromates.  Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 50(1), 59-69 (1970) @No $ @ @  Salam M. A. and Chowdhury D. A., Bull. of Pure and Appl. Chem., 16C(1&2), 45-49 (1997) @No $ @ @  Sandell E. B., Colorimetric Determination of Trace MetalsInterscience, New York, 269 (1965) @No $ @ @  Soomro R., Ahmed M. J., Memon N. Simple and rapid spectrophotometric determination of trace level chromium using bis-salicylaldehydeorthophenylenediamine, Turk J. Chem., 35, 155-170 (2011) @No $ @ @  Spruit D. and van Neer F. C., Penetration rate of Cr (3) and Cr (VI), Dermatologica, 132(2), 179-185 (1966) @No $ @ @  Stoyanova A. M., Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Chromium, Turk J Chem, 29,367-375 (2005) @No $ @ @  Wei Q., Duan C., Wang J., Ma, H. and Du B., Studies and application of catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric determination of trace chromium(VI) sensitized by microemulsion medium, Ann Chim., 96(7-8) 451-461 (2006) @No $ @ @  Xu Z. G., Wen X. H., and Wu Q. Z., Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Chromium(VI) in Mass Chromium(III), Chinese Chemical Letters, 12(7), 635 – 636, (2001) Zaitoun M. A., Spectrophotometric determination of Chromium(VI) using cyclam as a reagent, International Journal of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, 85(6), 399-407 (2005) @No 
<#LINE#>A study of Thixotropic Alkyds based on Aram1de Chemistry<#LINE#>Jain@Anamika<#LINE#>60-62<#LINE#>10.pdf<#LINE#>  Dept. of Chemistry, Govt. Girls P.G. College, Indore (MP),INDIA  <#LINE#>26/3/2011<#LINE#>28/3/2011<#LINE#>Polyamides are reacted with alkyd resins to give thixotropic (nondrip) consistency. The Existing thixotropic technology often fails due to too weak structures. Also paints based on higher solid systems are more sensitive to tinting systems based on water, surfactants & other solvents, the thixotropic structure is hence not stable any more, also they lose their structure forming ability at temperatures above 45° C. This is due to poor association capability of H-bonding network of polyamide based modifiers. So to get the desired rheological properties, if stabilizers are added in the final paint formulation, such paints could also become sensitive to changes in weather conditions and may not remain stable over a period of time. The answer to this problem is to incorporate the rheological properties into resin instead of paint formulation. So there is a need for stronger & more stable thixotropic structures. If a polymide resin based on aromatic amide moieties was reacted with a dimeric fatty acid, it could be used to develop alkyd resins which show superior gel forming properties. Thus a new family of thixotropic alkyd resins for decorative applications has been developed.)<#LINE#> @ @   Bridle, Pitture Vernici, 63 (2), (1987) @No $ @ @    Nae H. N., Am. Paint and coat, J. Jan.(1993) @No $ @ @    Homer D., A. Wickers, 4th Asia - Pacific Conf. paper 26, Hoi Kong (1994) @No $ @ @    Dent B.J. and Bernlmaier R., Am. Paint J.76(26), (1991) @No $ @ @   Rees S., Pol. Paints, Coirs J., 185, (1995) @No $ @ @    Newton L., Paint and Resins, (1982) @No $ @ @    Pauling L., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., (1947) @No $ @ @    Aerts J. and King G. S. D., Bull. Chim. Belg., 106, (1997) @No 
<#LINE#>Role of Photo sensitizer-Reductant for Generation of Electrical Energy in Photo galvanic Cell<#LINE#>Chandra@Mahesh,Meena@R.C.<#LINE#>63-69<#LINE#>11.pdf<#LINE#>  *Department of Chemistry,Deshbandhu College,New Dehli-110019, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan)-342005, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/3/2011<#LINE#>29/3/2011<#LINE#> We have constructed p-n heterojunction solar sandwich cells with photo sensitizer in a thin film of reluctant placed between a conducting glass coated with indium oxide and a platinum foil. The current-voltage elations of the cells have been measured in the dark and light under both forward and reverse biases. <#LINE#> @ @  Meier H., Albrecht W. and Tschirwitz U.,  Angew., Chem. Int. Edn.,11, 1051 (1972) @No $ @ @  Chamberlain G.A., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 93, 369 (1983) @No $ @ @  Panayotatos P., Bird G., Sauers R., Piechowski A. and Husain, S., Sol. Cells.,21, 301 (1987) @No $ @ @  Rohatgi - Mukherjee K.K., Roy M.  and Bhowmik ,B.B., Sol. Energy, 31, 417 (1983) @No $ @ @  Bhowmik B.B. and Jana A.K., Energy-The International Journa, 13, 755 (1988) @No $ @ @  Sze S.M., Physics of Semiconductor Devices, nd edn, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi (1983) @No $ @ @  Schumacher L.C., Maniche-Afara S. and Dignam M.J., J. Electrochem. Soc.,133, 716 (1986) @No $ @ @  Meier H., J. Phys. Chem.69, 719 (1965) @No $ @ @  Punjabi P. B., Vardia J., Madhwani S. and Chaudhary S., J. Power Sources,159, 747–751 (2006) @No $ @ @  Madhwani S., Ameta R., Vardia J., Punjabi P. B. and Sharma V. K., Energy Sources., 29, 721 — 729 (2007) @No $ @ @  Bohrmann - Linde C. and Tausch M. W., J. Chem. Educ.,80, 1471–1473 (2003) @No $ @ @  Monat J. E. and Mc Cusker J. K., J. Amer. Chem. Soc.,122, 4092 (2000) @No $ @ @  Schwarzburg K. and Willig F., J. Phys. Chem.103B, 5743 (1999) @No $ @ @  Tennakone K. and Kumara GRR.A., J. Photochem. Photobiol.,117A, 137 (1998) @No $ @ @ Yadav Sushil, Yadav R. D. and Singh Gautam, Int. J. Chem. Sci., 6(4), 1960 (2008) @No $ @ @  Meena R.C., Gautam Singh and K.M., Gangotri K. M., Afinidad 59, 253-256 (2003) @No $ @ @  Meena, R.C., and R.S. Sindal.,  Int. J. Chem. Sci., 2(3), 321-330 (2004) @No $ @ @ Ameta, Suresh C., Sadhana Khamesra, Anil K., Chittoro and K.M. Gangotri.,Int. J. Energy Res., 13, 643, (1989) @No $ @ @ Gongotri,K.M., R.C. Meena and Rajni Meena., J. Photochem and photobiol. A: Chem; 123, 93, (1999) @No $ @ @ Gangotri, K.M. and Chhagan Lal., Int. J. Energy Res., 24, 365, (2000) @No $ @ @ Fisher, A.C., L.M. Peter, E.A., Ponomareve, A.B., Walker, and K.G.U. Wijayantha.,J. Phys. Chem. B. 104(5),  949-958 (2000) @No $ @ @ Zhang, Zhi-Ying. and Chun-yanliu., J. Photochem. and Photobio. A: Chemistry 130, 139 (2000) @No $ @ @ Gratzel, Michael., J. Photochem.and Photobiol. A: Chemistry 164, 3-14, (2004) @No $ @ @ Coralie Houarner-Rassin, Errol Blart, Pierrick Buvat and Fabriceodobel.,  J. Photochem. and Photobiol A: Chemistry 186, 135, (2007) @No $ @ @  Bandara J., U.W. Pradeep and R.G.S.J.  Bandara., Solar cells,170, 273 (2005) @No $ @ @  Sindal R. S., Gunsaria  R. K.,  Chandra Mahesh and  Meena R. C., The Arabian Journal for science and Engineering, 31(2A), 177 (2006) @No $ @ @  Minna Toivola, Lauripeltokorpi, Janne Halme, Peter Lund, Solar energy   materials and solar Cells,91, 1733 (2007) @No $ @ @  Kenisarin mural. and Khamid Mahkamov, Renewable and Sustainable energy reviews, 11,1913, (2007) @No $ @ @  Sindal R. S., Chandra Mahesh and Meena R. C., J. Ind. Council Chem., 25(2), 131-136, (2008) @No $ @ @  Sirvi Sonal, Meena Vijay Kumar and Meena R C, J. Indian Chem.Soc. 85, 825 (2008) @No $ @ @  Meena R. C., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 85, 280 (2008) @No $ @ @  Sindal R. S., Chandra M., Kumar V. and Meena R. C., Energy Sources, 31(16), (2009) @No $ @ @  Kumari Manju, Pachwarya Ram Babu and Meena R .C, Energy Sources, 31(11), (2009) @No 
<#LINE#>Parametric studies on Pyrolysis of pungam oil cake in electrically heated fluidized bed research reactor<#LINE#>Antony@RajaS.,D.S.Robinson@smart,Pillai@B.C.,C.Lindon@LeeRobert<#LINE#>70-80<#LINE#>12.pdf<#LINE#>School of Mechanical Sciences, Karunya University, Coimbatore, INDIA <#LINE#>30/3/2011<#LINE#>5/3/2011<#LINE#>  Fluidized bed flash pyrolysis experiments have been conducted on a sample of pungam oil cake to determine particularly the effects of particle size, pyrolysis temperature and nitrogen gas flow rate on the products yield. The particle size, pyrolysis temperature and nitrogen gas flow rate were varied from 0.3 to 1.4 mm, 400°C to 550°C and 1.25 m³/ h to 2.4 m³/ h. The maximum oil yield of 54.8 wt % was obtained at a nitrogen gas flow rate of 2.0 m³/ h, particle size of 1.0-1.18 mm and pyrolysis temperature of 500°C. The maximum gas yield of 46.0 wt % was obtained at particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm, nitrogen flow rate of 1.75 m³/ h and at 500°C. The maximum char yield of 14.1 wt % was obtained at 400°C, particle size of 1.18-1.4 mm, and at nitrogen gas flow rate of 1.25 m³/ h. The gross calorific value of pyrolysis oil was found to be 37.45 MJ/Kg. The calorific value of pungam oil cake was found to be 14.3 MJ/Kg. The gas fractions were obtained using gas chromatography. The pyrolysis gas fractions were found to contain hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The liquid may be used as a source of low-grade fuel or it may be upgraded to higher quality liquid fuel by thermo catalytic cracking or trans-esterification processes.  <#LINE#> @ @  Vesa Arpiainen and Maija Lappi, Products from the flash pyrolysis of peat and pine bark, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,16(4), 355-376 (1989) @No $ @ @  Paul T. Williams and Patrick A. Horne, Analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons in pyrolytic oil derived from biomass, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis,31, 15-37 (1995) @No $ @ @  Warnijati S., Agra I. B. and Sudjono, Pyrolysis of coconut shells in a concentric three tubes reactor, Renewable Energy, 9(1-4), 934-937 (1996) @No $ @ @ J. M. Encinar M., Beltrán F. J., Bernalte A., Ramiro A. and González J. F., Pyrolysis of two agricultural residues: Olive and grape bagasse. Influence of particle size and temperature, Biomass and Bioenergy, 11(5), 397-409 (1996) @No $ @ @  Patrick A. Horne and Paul T. Williams,  Influence of temperature on the products from the flash pyrolysis of biomass”, Fuel, 75(9), 1051-1059 (1996) @No $ @ @  Predel M. and Kaminsky W., Pyrolysis of rape-seed in a fluidized-bed reactor, Bioresource Technology, 66(2), 113-117 (1998) @No $ @ @  Jan Piskorz, Bridgewater A. V. and et.al, Fast pyrolysis of sweet sorghum and sweet sorghum bagasse, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 46, 15-29 (1998) @No $ @ @  Nurul Islam F., Ramlan Zailani, Farid Nasir Ani,Pyrolytic oil from fluidized bed pyrolysis of oil palm shell and its characterization, Renewable Energy,17 (1),73-84 (1999) @No $ @ @  Karaosmano lu F., Tetik E. and Göllü E., Biofuel production using slow pyrolysis of the straw and stalk of the rapeseed plant Fuel Processing Technology, 59(1), 1-12 (1999) @No $ @ @  Putun A. E., Ozcan A. and putun E., Pyrolysis of hazelnut shells in a fixed bed tubular reactor: yields and structural analysis of bio oil, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 52, 33-49 (1999) @No $ @ @  sensoz S., Angin D. and Yorgun S., Influence of particle size on the pyrolysis of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): Fuel properties of bio oil, Biomass and Bioenergy, 19, 271-279 (2000) @No $ @ @  Ozbay N., Putun A.E. and et.al, , Biocrude from biomass: pyrolysis of cotton seed cake, Renewable energy, 24, 615-625  (2001) @No $ @ @  Yorgun S., Sensöz S.  and Koçkar Ö. M., Flash pyrolysis of sunflower oil cake for production of liquid fuels, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,60(1), 1-12 (2001) @No $ @ @  Onay O.,.Beis S.H and kockar O.M., Fast pyrolysis of rapeseed in a well swept fixed bed reactor, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 59, 995-1007 (2001) @No $ @ @ Hasan, Ferdi and Gergel, The production and evaluation of bio oils from the pyrolysis of sunflower oil cake, Biomass and Bioenergy,23(4), 54-65 (2002) @No $ @ @  Ayse E.Putun, Esin A paydin and Ersan putun, Bio oil production from pyrolysis and steam pyrolysis of soybean cake: product yields and composition, Energy,27(7), 703-713 (2002) @No $ @ @  Manuel, Garcla-perez and et.al, Vacuum pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 65, 111-136 (2002) @No $ @ @  Lappas A. A., Samolada M. C., Iatridis D. K., Voutetakis S. S. and Vasalos I. A., Biomass pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed reactor for the production of fuels and chemicals, Fuel,81(16),2087-2095 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ozlem Onay and Mete Kockar O., Slow, fast and flash pyrolysis of rapeseed, Renewable Energy,28(15), 2417-2433 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ayhan and Demirbas, Effect of initial moisture content on the yields of oily products from pyrolysis of biomass, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis,71, 803-815 (2004) @No $ @ @  Acikgoz C., Onay O. and Kockar O.M., Fast pyrolysis of linseed: product yields and compositions, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis,71, 417-429 (2004) @No 
<#LINE#>Biodiesel production from Jatropha oil and its characterization<#LINE#>S.Antony@Raja,D.S.Robinson@smart,Lee@C.LindonRobert<#LINE#>81-87<#LINE#>13.pdf<#LINE#> School of Mechanical Sciences, Karunya University, Coimbatore, INDIA <#LINE#>30/3/2011<#LINE#>2/4/2011<#LINE#>:  Biodiesel, a promising substitute as an alternative fuel has gained significant attention due to the predicted shortness of conventional fuels and environmental concern. The utilization of liquid fuels such as biodiesel produced from Jatropha oil by transesterification process represents one of the most promising options for the use of conventional fossil fuels. The Jatropha oil is converted into jatropha oil methyl ester known as biodiesel prepared in the presence of homogeneous acid catalyst. The physical properties such as density, flash point, Kinematic viscosity, Cloud point and Pour point were found out for Jatropha oil and Jatropha methyl ester. The same characteristics study was also carried out for the diesel fuel for obtaining the base line data for analysis. The values obtained from the Jatropha methyl ester is closely matched with the values of conventional diesel and can be used in the existing diesel engine without any modification. <#LINE#> @ @  Gubitz G.M. et al edition, Biofuels and Industrial products from jatropha curcas, proceedings from a symposium held in Mamagua, Nicaragua, Technical University of Graz, Uhlandgasse, Austria (1997) @No $ @ @  Henning R., The Jatropha project in Mali, Rothkreuz 11, D-88138, weissens-berg, Germany  (1997) @No $ @ @  Maauwa B., Economic feasibility study plant oil fuel project, 6 msasa Avenue, Norton, Zimbabwe (1995) @No $ @ @  Zimbabwe Biomass News Plant oil Zimbabwe sustainable fuel for the future, BUN-Zimbabwe, P/Bas 7768, Causeway, Zimbabwe 1(2),(1996) @No $ @ @  Heller J., Physic nut, Jatropha carcass promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Rome, Italy, (1996) @No $ @ @  Barn Wall B.K. and Shama M.P., Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Vegetable oils in India, I, , 363-378, (2005) @No $ @ @  Morrison R.T., Boyd R.N., Organic Chemistry, 6th edition, 771-778 (2002) @No $ @ @  Igwe I.O., The effect of temperature on the viscosity of vegetable oils in solution, Industrial crops and products,  19, 189-190, (2004) @No $ @ @  Hass M.J., Scott K.M., Marmer W.N. and Foliga T.A., In situ alkaline transesterification; an effective method for the production  of fatty acid esters from vegetable oils, J. A.M. oil chem., SOC 81, 81-89 (2004) @No $ @ @  Lim D.G., Soares V.C.D., Ribeiro E.B., Carvalho D.A., Cardoss E.C.V., Rassi F.C., Mundim K.C., Rubin J.C., and Suarez P.A.Z., Diesel-like fuel obtained by Pyrolysis of Vegetable oil, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 71, 987-998 (2004) @No $ @ @  Altin R., Cetinkaya S. and yucesu H.S., The Potential of using Vegetable oil fuels as fuel in Diesel engines, Energy Conservation an Management, 42, 529-538 (2001) @No $ @ @  Demiras A., A Direct Route to the calculation of the Heating values of liquid fuels by using their density and viscosity measurement, Energy Conservation and Management, 41, 1609-1614 (2000) @No $ @ @  Ramadhas A.S., Jayaraj S. and Muraleedharan, C., Use of Vegetable in I.C. Engines- Review, Renewable energy,29, 727-742, (2004) @No $ @ @  Demirbas, A., Fuel properties and calculation of higher heating values of vegetable oils, Fuel,77 (9/10), 1117-1120 (1998) @No 
<#LINE#>Study of the Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by using Solid Agricultural Waste<#LINE#>Shabudeen@P.S.Syed<#LINE#>88-104<#LINE#>14.pdf<#LINE#>   Dept. of Chemistry, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore – 641 006, INDIA <#LINE#>30/3/2011<#LINE#>4/4/2011<#LINE#>  Agricultural solid waste namely Kapok hull was activated by sulphuric acid (1:1 ratio) for removing malachite green dye from aqueous solution. Batch kinetic and isotherm experiments were conducted to determine the sorption and desorption of the malachite green from aqueous solution with activated carbon. The factors affecting the rate of adsorption involved in the removal of dye for initial dye concentration, agitation time, carbon dose, particle size and pH variation have been studied at various temperature ranges at 300, 318 and 330K. The experimental data was analyzed for possible agreement with the Lagergran, Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm equations. The intraparticle diffusion rate constant, adsorption rate constants, diffusion rate constants and diffusion coefficients were determined. Intraparticle diffusion was found to be the rate-limiting step. The structural and morphological of activated carbon were characterized by XRD and SEM studies respectively. Response surface method using Box-Behnken design of experiments was adopted and gives a mathematical model for the adsorption of dye stuff. <#LINE#> @ @ McKay G., Waste colour removal from textile effluents, Amer. Dyestuff Rep.,68, 29-34 (1979) @No $ @ @ Jorgensen S. E., Industrial waste water management studies in Environmental Science, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, 5,(1979) @No $ @ @ Kiff R.J., General inorganic effluents: In surveys in industrial waste water treatment–Manufacturing and chemical industries, Eds: Barnes Forster, D., C.F. and Hrudey, S.E. , Longman, New York, (1987) @No $ @ @ Judkins Jr J.F., Textile wastes, Cont J. Wat. Pollute. Fed., 57, 702-5 (1982) @No $ @ @ Datya Keshav, Vaidya V, Chemical processing of synthetic fibres and blends, John wiley & sons, New York, 535–49 (1984) @No $ @ @ Namboodri C.G., Perkins W.S., Wlash W.K., Decolorizing dyes with chlorine and Ozone: Part 11 Amer., Dyestuff Rep, 4: 17-27 (1994) @No $ @ @ Liakou S., Kornaros M., Lyberatos G., Pretreatment of azodyes using ozone, Wat. Sci. Technol., 36, 155-63 (1997) @No $ @ @ Uygur A, Kok E., Decolorization treatments of azo dye wastewater including dischorotriazinyl reactive groups by using advanced oxidation method, JSDC., 115, 351-354  (1999) @No $ @ @ Ince N.H, Gonene D.T., Teat ability of a textile azo dye by UV/H2,Environ. Technol., 28 179-85 (1997) @No $ @ @ Polard S.J.T., Fowler G.D., Sollar C. J. and Poerry R, Low cost adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment, A review Sci. Total Environ., 16, 31-52 (1992) @No $ @ @  11.Asfour H.M., Nassar M.M., Fadali O.A. and EI-Geundi M.S., Colour removal from textile effluents using hard wood dust as an adsorbent. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.,  35A, 28-34  (1985) @No $ @ @ Nawar S.S. and Doma H.S., Removal of dyes from effluents using low cost agricultural by – products, The Sci. Tot. Environ.,79, 271–9 (1989) @No $ @ @ Low K.S, and Lee C.K., The removal of cationic dyes using coconut husk as an adsorbent, Pertanica, J. Sci. Technol.,13, 221-8 (1990) @No $ @ @ Gupta,G.S., Prasad G. and V.N.Singh, Removal of chrome dye from aqueous solutions by mixed adsorbents: fly ash and coal, Water Research, 24,45-50 (1990) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C, and Chandrasekaran K., Studies on treatment of wastewater from dying industries using Fe(III) / Cr (III) sludge and red mud, J. Indian. Asso. Environ. Mgt., 18, 93-99 (1991) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C, and Kanchana N., Waste banana pith as an adsorbent for color removal from waste waters, Chemosphere, 21, 1691-1705 (1992) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C, and Yamuna R.T., Utilizing biogas residual slurry for dye adsorption, Amer. Dye stuff Rep., 83, 22-28 (1994) @No $ @ @ Deo N, and Ali M., Dye adsorption by a new low cost material; Congo Red–1, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 13, 496-508 (1993) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C, and Kadirvelu K., Coirpith as agricultural waste by product for the treatment of Dyeing wastewater, Bioresource Technology,48,79-81 (1994) @No $ @ @ Juang Rvey–Shin, Ru–Ling Tseng, Feng – Chin Wa and Shwu–Hwa lww, Adsorption Behaviour of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions as chitosam, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 70,391–99 (1997) @No $ @ @ Malik U. and Taneja, Utilizing fly ash for color removal of dye effluents, America dye stuff reporter, 1994; 20–27 (2017) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C, D.J.S.E.Arasi, Removal of Congo Red from wastewater by adsorption onto waster red mud, Chemosphere,34, 410–17 (1997) @No $ @ @ Venkatamohan S., Mamatha V.V.S. and Karthikeyan J., Removal of colour from acid and direct dyes by adsorption onto silica fumes,Fresenius Envion Bull., 7, 51–58 (1998) @No $ @ @ Morais L.C., Goncalves E.P., Vascobcelos L.T. and Gonzalezbeca C.G., Reactive dyes removal from wastewater by adsorption on Eucalyptus bark–Adsorption Equilibria, Environmental Technol., 21, 577–83  (2000) @No $ @ @ Rajeswari Sivaraj, Sivakumar S., Senthilkumar P, and Subburam V., Carbon from cassava peel, an agricultural wast, as an adsorbent in the removal of dyes and metal ions from aqueous solutions, Bio-resour. Technol.,80, 233–5 (2001) @No $ @ @ Stephan Inbaraj, B. and Sulochana N., Basic dye adsorption on a low cost carbonaceous sorbent – kinetic and equilibrium studies, Indian J. Chemi. Technol., 9, 201-8 (2002) @No $ @ @ Rajeswari Sivaraj and Subburam V., Activated parthenium carbon as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes and heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions, Bio-resour. Technol., 85, 205–206 (2002) @No $ @ @ Rajavel G., Ananthanarayan C., Prabhakar L.D. and Palanivel, Removal of dark green PLS dye from textile industrial waste through low cost carbons, Indian J. Environ. Health, 45, 195-202 (2003) @No $ @ @ Janos P., Buchtova H. and Ryznarova M., Sorption of dyes from the aqueous solutions on to fly ash, Water Res.,37, 4938-44 (2003) @No $ @ @ Malik P.K., Dye removal from waste water using activated carbon developed from saw dust: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics, J. Hazard Matter,113, 81-88  (2004) @No $ @ @ Namane A., Mekarzia A., Benrachedi K., Belhaneche Bensemra N. and Hellal A., Determination of the adsorption capacity of activated carbon made from coffee grounds by chemical activation with ZnCl and HPO., J. Hazard Matter, 119, 189-94 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ozacar M, Sengil,I.A., Adsorption of metal complex dyes from aqueous solutions by pine saw dust., Bioresour. Technol.,  96, 791-5 (2005) @No $ @ @ Khattri S.D. and Singh M.K., Adsorption of basic dyes from aqueous solutions by natural adsorbent, Ind.Chem.Technol., 6, 112-6 (1999) @No $ @ @ Box G.E.P. and Behnken D.W., Three level design for the study of quantitative variables, Technometrics., , 445-475 (1960) @No $ @ @ Box G.E.P. and J.S. Hunter, Multifactor experimental design for exploring response surfaces. Ann.Math.Statist., 28, 195-241 (1957) @No $ @ @ Kapat A., Rakshit, S.K. and T. P anda, Optimization of carbon and nitrogen sources in the medium and environmental factors for enhanced production of chitinase by trichoderma hazarianum, Bioprocess Engg.,15, 13-20 (1996) @No $ @ @ Myers R.H, Response Surface Methodology, Boston: Allvn and Brcon, Inc. (1971) @No $ @ @ Weber T.N., Chakravarti R.K., Pora and Solid Diffusion Models for fixed bed adsorbers,  J.Am.Inst.Chem.Engg., 20, 228-38 (1974) @No $ @ @ Gupta V.K.,  I.Ali Suhas, Mohan D., Equilibrium up take and sorption dynamics for the removal if a basic dye (basic red) using low cost adsorbents., J Colloid Interface Sci., 265,  257-64 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ho Y.S., Porter J.F., McKay G., Equilibrium isotherm studies for the absorption of divalent metal ions on to peat: Copper, Nickel and Lead single component systems, Water Air and Soil Pollution., 141,  1, (2002) @No $ @ @ Albanis T.A., Hela D.G., Sakell Arides. J.M., T. G. Danis, Removal of dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorptions on mixtures of fly ash and soil in batch and column techniques. Global Nest: the Int. J., 2(3), 237 – 244 (2000) @No $ @ @ Voudrias E., Fytianosand F., Bozani E., Sorption Description isotherms of Dyes from aqueous solutions and Waste Waters with different sorbent materials, Global Nest, The Int.J.4(1),75-83, (2002) @No $ @ @ Mohan S., Karthikeyan J., Removal of lignin and tannin color from aqueous solution by adsorption  on to activated carbon solution by adsorption on to activated charcoal, Environ.Pollut.,97, 183-7 (1997) @No $ @ @ Atkins P., Physical chemistry, Oxford University press, Oxford, U.K., (1970) @No $ @ @ Rao Lakshminarayanan, Krishniah K.C., Ashatosh K., Colour removal from dye stuff industry effluent using activated carbon, Indian J. Chem. Technol. 1, 13-9 (1994) @No $ @ @ McKay G, Otterburn, M.S., Sweeny A.G., The removal of colour from effluent using various adsorbents 11-silica, Rate Process, Water Res.,14: 15-20 (1980) @No $ @ @ Namita Deo, Manzoor Ali., Dye adsorption by New low cost materials. Congo red. Ind.J.Env.Prot., 13, 570-6 (1993) @No $ @ @ Webber W.J, In principal and  application of water chemistry, edited by Faust S.D & Hunter, J.V, Wiley, New York, (1967) @No $ @ @ Bhatnagar A., Jain A.K., A comparative absorption study with different industrial wastes as adsorbents for removal of cationic dyes from water. J.Colloid Interface Sci., 281(1),  49-55 (2005) @No $ @ @ Furusuwa T., Smith J.M., Intraparticle mass transport in slurries by dynamic adsorption studies. AIChE, 20,  88 (1974) @No $ @ @ Khare,S.K, Pandey,K.K, Srivastava,R.M, V.N.Singh, Removal of Victoria blue from aqueous solution by fly ash, J, Chem. Techcol. Biotechnol., 1987; 35: 99 (2017) @No $ @ @ Helfferich F., Ion Exchange, New York: McGraw-Hill, (1962) @No $ @ @ Lee V.K., Porter J.F., McKay G., Fixed led modeling for acid dye adsorption on to activated carbon. J.Cem Technology Bio Technol., 78(12), 1281-89 (2003) @No $ @ @ Wu F., Tseng R., Juang R., Pore structure and adsorption performance of the activated carbons prepared from Plum Kernels, J.Hazard Mater.,69, 287-302 (1999) @No $ @ @ Kadirvelu K., Karthika C., enilamani N.V, Pattabhi S., Activated carbon prepaid from industrial solid waste as an adsorbent for the removal of Rhodomine–B from aqueous solution: Kinetic and equilibrium studies, Chemosphere  60, 1009–17 (2005) @No $ @ @ Durai Anna G., Mathalai Balan S., and Murugesan T., Box-Behnken design in the development of optimized complex medium for phenol degradation using Pseudomonas Putida NICM217 Bioprocess Engg.,21, 415-421 (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Design and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate<#LINE#>Mathew@T,Agrawal@S.<#LINE#>105-110<#LINE#>15.pdf<#LINE#> Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy, Khandwa Road, Indore (MP), INDIA <#LINE#>5/4/2011<#LINE#>7/4/2011<#LINE#> Difficulty in swallowing leads to non-compliance and subsequently leading to ineffective therapy. Terbutaline Sulphate is a beta-2 agonist and has action similar to that of Isoproterenol. The basic aim of this formulation was to decrease the onset time of the drug by decreasing the disintegration time of the tablet by formulating fast melting tablet. In the present study fast melting tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate was prepared by using of superdisintegrants. The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. Six formulations of tablets were prepared containing drug. Prepared tablets were evaluated on different parameters. Evaluation results shows tablet to be within the official limits. Wetting time and disintegration were in limits that are prescribed for mouth dissolving tablets. Dissolution profile of the tablet shows that the excipients used in the tablet had no negative influence on the release pattern of the drug. It was thus possible to formulate mouth melting tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate using simple and cost effective technique. <#LINE#> @ @  T.M, Pramod K., Shivakumar H.G., Novel core in cup buccoadhesive system and  films of Terbutaline Sulphate – development and  in vitro evaluation, Asian Journal of pharmaceutical Science, 175-187 (2006) @No $ @ @  Karabey Y, Sahin S, Oner L, Hinchal A.A, Bioavailability file: Terbutaline, FABAD J.Pharm.Sci., 28 149-160, (2003) @No $ @ @  Indurvade N.H, Rajayaguru T.N, Nakhat P.D. Novel approaches-Fast dissolving tablet. Indian Drugs, 39, 405-409, (2002) @No $ @ @  Schmidth P.C, Schiemeier S, Fast dispersible Ibuprofen tablet, European J. Pharm. Sciences, 15, 295-305, (2002) @No $ @ @  Lachmann, L, Lieberman H.A, Kiang J.L, The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Varghese publishing House Bombay, rd ed, 66-99, (1971) @No $ @ @  Indian Pharmacopoeia. Controller of publication,Govt. of India New Delhi, 4 edition, volume 2, 735 (1996) @No $ @ @  Mahapatra A.K, Murthy P.N, Sahoo J, et al Formulation design and  optimisation of mouth dissolving tablets of Levocertirizine Hydrochloride using sublimation technique, 43(1), 39-45, (2009) @No $ @ @  Indian Pharmacopoeia, Controller of publication, Govt of India, Edition 4, Volume , 736 (1996) @No $ @ @  The United States Pharmacopoeial Convention, “The United States Pharmacopoeia, 30 NF25, Rockville MD (2000) @No $ @ @  Sinko P.J. Dissolution and release from oral drug products, Martin’s physical pharmacy and  pharmaceutical sciences,  edition Lippincott Williams and  Wilkins, 337-354, (2006) @No 
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Environmental Management- strategies for chemical disaster<#LINE#>Pandey@Bhawana,Fulekar@M.H.<#LINE#>111-117<#LINE#>16.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, INDIA <#LINE#>26/3/2011<#LINE#>19/3/2011<#LINE#><#LINE#> @ @  Cheman Abu Bakar and Gold David, Safety and Health in the Use of Chemicals at Work- A training manual, ILO, Geneva,(1993) @No $ @ @  Fulekar M H, Industrial Hygiene and Chemical Safety, I.K. International(2017) @No $ @ @  Fulekar M H, Management of Chemicals at Work Environment- Manual, Industrial Hygiene Division, Government of India, Mumbai, (1995) @No $ @ @  Hazardous Substances Management Division, Government of India, New Delhi, A Guide to Safe Road Transport of Hazardous Chemicals,(1995) @No $ @ @  ILO, Major Hazard Control-a practical manual, second reprint-Sept., (1996) @No $ @ @  Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi, Manual on Emergency Preparedness for Chemical Hazards, (1992) @No $ @ @  National Disaster Management Authority, Government of India, National Disaster Management Guidelines Chemical Disasters, (2007) @No $ @ @  Surekha Kadapa Bose, Enviro File, An Economic Times, Mumbai-special, 14, 5.6. (1998) @No $ @ @  The Environmental Protection Act, (1986) @No $ @ @  The Factories (Amendment) Act, (1987) @No $ @ @  The Forest Conservation Act, (1980) @No