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Epidemiology of Gallbladder Cancer among North-Eastern States of India: A Review

Author Affiliations

  • 1Epidemiologist, Department of Epidemiology and Tumour Registry, Cachar Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Assam, India

Int. Res. J. Medical Sci., Volume 4, Issue (6), Pages 11-15, June,28 (2016)

Abstract

Worldwide gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare neoplasm. The survival rate is poor because of late diagnosis. The incidence of GBC is high among Indian Northeastern states. Systematic search done for review and accepted 24 articles and 2 reports which were published in Pubmed, Google Scholar, medIND and other sources. Four major risk factors found for developing GBC i.e. patients demography, gallbladder abnormalities, patient’s exposure, and infections. Studies found that over 70% - 88% GBC reported history of gallstones. GBC hits north-eastern India especially females after Chile, Valdivia. National Population Based Cancer Registry shows that females of Assam represents highest AAR which are noticed in Kamrup Urban District (14.0) followed by Cachar District (10.1), internationally second and third place and nationally first and second. Discussion: The highest incidence found in Assam, Northeast India mainly occupies by the rivers and having different ethnicity, lifestyles, tobacco habits, etc. A study from Cachar District of Northeast India shows that 86.7% women used tobacco those have GBC. Average age of male and female was 54 and 50 years and 71.9% diagnosed in advanced stage. Need more emphasis on epidemiological studies, cancer control programs, and early detection of cancer.

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