Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Metallothioneins from Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Gold Jewellery Karigars

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Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Metallothioneins from Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Gold Jewellery Karigars

Author Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher education for Women, Coimbatore-641 043, Tamilnadu, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Medical Sci., Volume 2, Issue (1), Pages 15-20, January,28 (2014)

Abstract

Metallothioneins (MT) are cysteine rich, low molecular weight metal binding proteins involved in detoxification and homeostasis of metals. Due to a variety of chemical stresses MTs are stimulated and can be used to assess human exposure to occupational agents. Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes (PBLs) have the ability to produce MTs against occupational exposure to silver (Ag). In the present study, PBLs were isolated from the blood of gold jewellery unit workers and MT was separated by sephadex G-75 gel filtration. Molecular mass of MT was determined by SDS-PAGE using silver staining method from the collected fractions. HPLC was performed to measure the levels of MT from the collected fraction. It is suggested that the elevated levels of MT in PBLs can be used as specific indices of silver exposure.

References

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LansdownA. B. G., Critical Observations on the Neurotoxicity of Silver, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 37, 237–250(2007)
Manoj K and Padhy P.K.,Oxidative Stress and Heavy Metals: An Appraisal with Reference to Environmental Biology., Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(10), 91-101 (2013)
Petrlova J., Blastik O., Prusa R., Kukacka J., Potesil D., Mikelova R., Adam V., Zehnalek J and Kizek R.Using of Electrochemical Methods for Studying of Metallothionein Content in the Human Blood Serum of a Patient Poisoned by Lead and Treated by Platinum, Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub.149(2), 485–8(2005)
Hasan Saba., Prakash Jyoti and Singh Neha.,Mycorrhizae and Phytochelators as Remedy in Heavy Metal Contaminated Land Remediation., Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. 2(1), 74-78 (2013)
Capdevila M., Bofill R., Palacios O. and Atrian S., State-of-the-Art of Metallothioneins at the Beginning of the 21st Century, Coord. Chem., Rev., 256, 46–52 (2012)
Palmiter R. D., The Elusive Function of Metallothioneins, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 95, 8428-30 (1998)
Miles A.T., Hawksworth G.M., Beattie J.H. and Rodilla V., Induction, Regulation Degradation and Biological significance of Mammalian Metallothioneins, Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 35, 35-70 (2000)
Cherian M. G., Jayasurya A and Bay B.H., Metallothioneins in Human Tumors and Potential roles in Carcinogenesis, Mutat.Res., 533, 201-9 (2003)
Cherian M. G and Kang Y. J., Metallothionein and Liver Cell Regeneration, Exp. Biol. Med., 231, 138-44 (2006)
Coyle P., Philcox J.C., Carey L. C and Rofe A.M., Metallothionein: The Multipurpose Protein, Cell. Mol. Life. Sci., 59, 627-647 (2002)
Carpene E., Andrean, G and Isani G., Metallothionein Functions and Structural Characteristics, J. Trace. Elem. Med. Biol., 21(1), 35-39 (2007)
Thirumoorthy N., Manisenthi K.T., Sundar A.S., Panayappan L and Chatterjee M., Metallothionein: An Overview, World J. Gastroenterol., 13(7 993-6 (2007)
Vasak M and Hasler D.W., Metallothioneins, New Functional and Structural Insights, Curr. Opin. Chem. Boil., 4, 177-183 (2000)
Hamer D.H., Metallothionein, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 55, 913-951 (1986)
Bonneris E., Perceval O., Masson S., Hare I and Campbell P.G.C., Sub-Cellular Partitioning of Metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) in the Gills of a Freshwater bivalve, Pyganodon Grandis: Role of Calcium Concretions in Metal Sequestration, Aquat. Toxicol., 71, 319–334 (2005)
Hildebrand C.E. and Cram L.S., Distribution of Cadmium in Human Blood Cultured in Low Levels of CdCl: Accumulation of Cadmium in Lymphocytes and Preferential Binding to Metallothionein, Proc Soc Exp Biol Med., 161(4), 438–443 (1979)
Enger M.D., Hildebrand C.E and Stewart C.C., Cadmium++ Responses of Cultured Human Blood Cells, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol., 69, 214–224 (1983)
Harley C.B., Menon C.R., Rachubinski R.A and Nieboer E., Metallothionein mRNA and Protein Induction by Cadmium in Peripheral Blood Leucocytes, Biochem J., 262, 873–879 (1989)
Viarengo A., Ponzano E., Dondero F and Fabbri R., A Simple Spectrophotometric Method for MT Evaluation in Marine Organisms: An Application to Mediterranean and Antarctic molluscs, Mar. Environ. Res., 44, 69-84 (1997)
Wilhelmsen T.W., Olsvik P.A., Hansen B.H and Andersen R.A., Metallothioneins from Horse Kidney Studied by Separation with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Below and Above the Isoelectric Points, Talanta., 57, 707–720 (2002)
Aoki Y and Suzuki K.T., Detection of Metallothionein by Western Blotting, Methods Enzymol., 205, 108–114 (1991)
Merril C.R., Bishert M.E., Harrington M. and stevent A.C., Coloration of Silver-Stained Protein Bands in Polyacrylamide Gels is Caused by Light Scattering from Silver Grains of Characteristic Sizes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85, 453-457 (1988)
Kim Y.S., Song M.Y., Park J.D., Song K.S., Ryu H.R., Chung Y.H., Chang H.K., Lee J.H.,Oh K.H., Kelman B.J.,wang K.H and Yu I.J., Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles, Particle and Fibre Toxicology.,7, 20 (2010)
Geret F., Jouan A., Turpin V., Bebianno M.J. and Cosson R.P., Influence of Metal Exposure on Metallothionein Synthesis and Lipid Peroxidation in Two Bivalve Mollusks: the oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the mussel Mytilus edulis), Aquat. Living Resour., 15(1), 61–66 (2002)
Lu J., Jin T., Nordberg G and Nordberg M., Metallothionein Gene Expression in Peripheral Lymphocytes from Cadmium-Exposed Workers, Cell Stress Chaperones., 6(2), 97–104 (2001)
Hidalgo J, Dingman A and Garvey J.S., Preparative Isolation of Adult Human Liver Metallothionein Isoforms. Rev Espanola Fisiol., 45, 255–264 (1989)
Ellman G.L., Tissue Sulfhydryl Groups, Arch Biochem Biophys., 82, 70–77 (1959)
Mounaji K., Erraiss N.E and Wegnez M., Identification of Metallothionein in Pleurodeles waltl,Naturforsch., 57c, 727-731 (2002)
Hauser-Davis R.A., Gonçalves R.A., Ziolli R.L and de Campos R.C., A Novel Report of Metallothioneins in Fish Bile: SDS-PAGE Analysis, Spectrophotometry Quantification and Metal Speciation Characterization by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to ICP-MS, aquat.toxicol., 116-117, 54-60 (2012)

[ref1] Lansdown A.B.G., A Pharmacological and Toxicological Profile of Silver as an Antimicrobial Agent in Medical Devices, Adv. Pharmacol. Sci., 16 (2010)

[ref2] LansdownA. B. G., Critical Observations on the Neurotoxicity of Silver, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 37, 237–250(2007)

[ref3] Manoj K and Padhy P.K.,Oxidative Stress and Heavy Metals: An Appraisal with Reference to Environmental Biology., Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(10), 91-101 (2013)

[ref4] Petrlova J., Blastik O., Prusa R., Kukacka J., Potesil D., Mikelova R., Adam V., Zehnalek J and Kizek R.Using of Electrochemical Methods for Studying of Metallothionein Content in the Human Blood Serum of a Patient Poisoned by Lead and Treated by Platinum, Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub.149(2), 485–8(2005)

[ref5] Hasan Saba., Prakash Jyoti and Singh Neha.,Mycorrhizae and Phytochelators as Remedy in Heavy Metal Contaminated Land Remediation., Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. 2(1), 74-78 (2013)

[ref6] Capdevila M., Bofill R., Palacios O. and Atrian S., State-of-the-Art of Metallothioneins at the Beginning of the 21st Century, Coord. Chem., Rev., 256, 46–52 (2012)

[ref7] Palmiter R. D., The Elusive Function of Metallothioneins, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 95, 8428-30 (1998)

[ref8] Miles A.T., Hawksworth G.M., Beattie J.H. and Rodilla V., Induction, Regulation Degradation and Biological significance of Mammalian Metallothioneins, Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 35, 35-70 (2000)

[ref9] Cherian M. G., Jayasurya A and Bay B.H., Metallothioneins in Human Tumors and Potential roles in Carcinogenesis, Mutat.Res., 533, 201-9 (2003)

[ref10] Cherian M. G and Kang Y. J., Metallothionein and Liver Cell Regeneration, Exp. Biol. Med., 231, 138-44 (2006)

[ref11] Coyle P., Philcox J.C., Carey L. C and Rofe A.M., Metallothionein: The Multipurpose Protein, Cell. Mol. Life. Sci., 59, 627-647 (2002)

[ref12] Carpene E., Andrean, G and Isani G., Metallothionein Functions and Structural Characteristics, J. Trace. Elem. Med. Biol., 21(1), 35-39 (2007)

[ref13] Thirumoorthy N., Manisenthi K.T., Sundar A.S., Panayappan L and Chatterjee M., Metallothionein: An Overview, World J. Gastroenterol., 13(7 993-6 (2007)

[ref14] Vasak M and Hasler D.W., Metallothioneins, New Functional and Structural Insights, Curr. Opin. Chem. Boil., 4, 177-183 (2000)

[ref15] Hamer D.H., Metallothionein, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 55, 913-951 (1986)

[ref16] Bonneris E., Perceval O., Masson S., Hare I and Campbell P.G.C., Sub-Cellular Partitioning of Metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) in the Gills of a Freshwater bivalve, Pyganodon Grandis: Role of Calcium Concretions in Metal Sequestration, Aquat. Toxicol., 71, 319–334 (2005)

[ref17] Hildebrand C.E. and Cram L.S., Distribution of Cadmium in Human Blood Cultured in Low Levels of CdCl: Accumulation of Cadmium in Lymphocytes and Preferential Binding to Metallothionein, Proc Soc Exp Biol Med., 161(4), 438–443 (1979)

[ref18] Enger M.D., Hildebrand C.E and Stewart C.C., Cadmium++ Responses of Cultured Human Blood Cells, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol., 69, 214–224 (1983)

[ref19] Harley C.B., Menon C.R., Rachubinski R.A and Nieboer E., Metallothionein mRNA and Protein Induction by Cadmium in Peripheral Blood Leucocytes, Biochem J., 262, 873–879 (1989)

[ref20] Viarengo A., Ponzano E., Dondero F and Fabbri R., A Simple Spectrophotometric Method for MT Evaluation in Marine Organisms: An Application to Mediterranean and Antarctic molluscs, Mar. Environ. Res., 44, 69-84 (1997)

[ref21] Wilhelmsen T.W., Olsvik P.A., Hansen B.H and Andersen R.A., Metallothioneins from Horse Kidney Studied by Separation with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Below and Above the Isoelectric Points, Talanta., 57, 707–720 (2002)

[ref22] Aoki Y and Suzuki K.T., Detection of Metallothionein by Western Blotting, Methods Enzymol., 205, 108–114 (1991)

[ref23] Merril C.R., Bishert M.E., Harrington M. and stevent A.C., Coloration of Silver-Stained Protein Bands in Polyacrylamide Gels is Caused by Light Scattering from Silver Grains of Characteristic Sizes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85, 453-457 (1988)

[ref24] Kim Y.S., Song M.Y., Park J.D., Song K.S., Ryu H.R., Chung Y.H., Chang H.K., Lee J.H.,Oh K.H., Kelman B.J.,wang K.H and Yu I.J., Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles, Particle and Fibre Toxicology.,7, 20 (2010)

[ref25] Geret F., Jouan A., Turpin V., Bebianno M.J. and Cosson R.P., Influence of Metal Exposure on Metallothionein Synthesis and Lipid Peroxidation in Two Bivalve Mollusks: the oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the mussel Mytilus edulis), Aquat. Living Resour., 15(1), 61–66 (2002)

[ref26] Lu J., Jin T., Nordberg G and Nordberg M., Metallothionein Gene Expression in Peripheral Lymphocytes from Cadmium-Exposed Workers, Cell Stress Chaperones., 6(2), 97–104 (2001)

[ref27] Hidalgo J, Dingman A and Garvey J.S., Preparative Isolation of Adult Human Liver Metallothionein Isoforms. Rev Espanola Fisiol., 45, 255–264 (1989)

[ref28] Ellman G.L., Tissue Sulfhydryl Groups, Arch Biochem Biophys., 82, 70–77 (1959)

[ref29] Mounaji K., Erraiss N.E and Wegnez M., Identification of Metallothionein in Pleurodeles waltl,Naturforsch., 57c, 727-731 (2002)

[ref30] Hauser-Davis R.A., Gonçalves R.A., Ziolli R.L and de Campos R.C., A Novel Report of Metallothioneins in Fish Bile: SDS-PAGE Analysis, Spectrophotometry Quantification and Metal Speciation Characterization by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to ICP-MS, aquat.toxicol., 116-117, 54-60 (2012)