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Review on removal of fluoride from water by some bio adsorbents

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, G M R Institute of Technology, Rajam -532 127, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 6, Issue (8), Pages 60-65, August,22 (2017)

Abstract

Fluoride (F-) is an anion of fluorine and which acts as the contaminants as in the form of anionic and it originate in additional in ground or surface water due to geochemical reactions or anthropogenic activities. For animals and human beings the content of fluoride may be requirement under within the desirable limit. As per WHO in drinking water the desirable limit of fluoride should not exceed 1.5 ppm (in the absence of alternate, the fluoride maximum limit is 2.0 ppm). If excess amount of fluoride in water consumed by human beings in long-term, people suffers an adverse effects. As per the available epidemiological studies clearly shows that human beings suffers fluorosis, dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, immunological defects and brittle bones etc. If excess fluoride present in the drinking water rather than desirable limit it must be removed by suitable method, then only it is proper/ safe for drinking. Among various available methods around the global, adsorption process has relatively significant technique for defluoridation in water than precipitation, coagulation, ozonization, electrolytic treatment, reverse osmosis and ion exchange. Due to importance of fluoride in water, people at least know in the aspect of quality and quantity of fluoride in their drinking water and also should know the available remedy methods. In this paper a review study has been taken up on defluoridation from water by some selective biomass as adsorbents and their adsorption capabilities are discussed under various optimum experimental conditions.

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