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Soil Conditioner: Conversion of black Liquor Waste by Natural and Artificial Ammoxidation to value added product

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Cellulose Technology, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur INDIA
  • 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Anuradha Engineering College, Chikhli, Ex HOD, Petrochemical Technology, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur INDIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 4, Issue (6), Pages 92-98, June,22 (2015)

Abstract

Soil no longer sustains beneficial quality in compact; its fertile status has been altered, deteriorated, and destroyed, primarily attributable to massive use of conventional fertilizers, improper land use, rapid industrialization and deforestation. As a consequence of that soil became deficient in necessary carbon content, mineralized nutrient, and micronutrients. Inorganic fertilizer, used on a large scale and constant basis, causes many harmful effects on the environment, leading to soil erosion and leaching problems. Hence, there is a need of materials with a slow-nitrogen releasing effects, in huge quantity and quality to combat all these losses. Lignin is a major precursor of soil humic substances and source of plant nutrient capable of acting as slow-release fertilizer, if enriched with nitrogen by converting it to a suitable form. The richest source of lignin is black liquor (BL) a waste product obtained from pulp and paper industries in huge quantity. The conventional methods adopted by these industries for the recovery and disposal of lignin and lignin derivatives in black liquor causes air pollution. Further such installations are unaffordable for small non-wood mills, which are in need of value added products from BL. Preparation of soil conditioner from BL, could be the solution to above said problems. The objective here is to explore the field of lignin research to utilize Kraft lignin as a feedstock for production of soil conditioner, both by biological and chemical pathways. Present paper reviews the advances taking place in both natural and artificial ammoxidation methods of conversion of lignin to soil conditioner with the aim, to use black liquor waste completely in both higher molar mass fraction (HMMF) and lower molar mass fraction (LMMF). The key parameters influencing the processes were identified and reported.

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