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Alterations in Water quality, Enzyme levels and Haematology of Oreochromisniloticus (Nile Tilapia) from River Ogun at Abeokuta, Nigeria

Author Affiliations

  • 1 Ecology and Environmental Biology Research unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA
  • 2 Parasitology Research unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 4, Issue (10), Pages 1-9, October,22 (2015)

Abstract

Natural aqua-systems sometimes receive pollutants resulting from human, domestic, and industrial activities. Fish being sensitive to contaminants, are excellent indicators of pollution. Contamination of River Ogun at Abeokuta was determined by assessment of the water quality, enzyme and haematological indices of O. niloticusfrom three sites on the river while Agodi fish farm served as control site. Haematology and enzyme levels were determined from blood and serum of 72 experimental and 20 control fishes. Water quality differed significantly (p>0.05) at the three sites. Temperature and pH were within permissible limits while DO, BOD and water transparency were not. The weight and length of O. niloticus ranged from 58.74-304.2g and 14.8-25.17cm respectively. There were significant (P<0.05) decreases in RBC, Hband PCV, indicative of anaemia in the fishes while WBC was significantly (P<0.05) elevated compared to the control fish. Enzyme levels in experimental fish were also significantly (P<0.05) elevated. The altered haematological and enzymatic indices indicate the fish’s response to environmental stress. Alterations in fish health are important because such changes may impact human health on consumption of these fishes. Adequate protective legislation and remedial practices are needed to protect the river and fish from continuous pollution.

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