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Etiology, Risk Factors and Pathophysiology of Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Review

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Dept. of Amraze Niswan wa Ilmul Qabalat (Gynecology and Obstetrics), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore - Karnataka, INDIA
  • 2Dept. of Amraze Niswan wa Ilmul Qabalat (Gynecology and Obstetrics), Yunus Fazlani Unani Medical College, Kunjkheda, MS, INDIA
  • 3Medical officer, State Govt. of Karnataka, INDIA
  • 4Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gandhi Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 4, Issue (6), Pages 75-82, June,10 (2015)

Abstract

Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary loss of urine. It is under-reported, undiagnosed, and often untreated medical situation for women at any age which highly impacts the quality of life. The risk factors for stress urinary incontinence in women are weak collagen, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, chronic obstructive airway disease, ethnicity, constipation,pregnancy and childbirth, obesity, advanced pelvic organ prolapse,hysterectomy, neurological disease, smoking, spinal cord trauma, and pelvic floor injury. The physiopathology is linked to endopelvic fascia, levator ani muscles, and muscular urethra compromise followed by pudendal nerve denervation and urethral complex’s loss of ligamentous support. The line of management for stress urinary incontinence is lifestyle change, physiotherapy of the pelvic floor, bulking agent and midurethral sling.

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