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Comparison of the Artemia salina and Artemia uramiana bioassays for toxicity of 4 Iranian medicinal plants

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Medicinal Plant Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, IRAN

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 2, Issue (3), Pages 49-54, March,10 (2013)

Abstract

For evaluation of 4 Iranian medicinal plant toxicity Brine shrimp lethality assays Artemia salina and Artemia uramiana bioassay were used. A. urmiana and A. salina eggs were purchased and kept in a hatching chamber that containing artificial sea water for preparation of nauplii. The active nauplii were collected for study after 48 h. The Plantago major, Artemisia maritime,Mentha piperita and Borago officinalis were prepred in Yasuj,Iran and individually extracted with methanol, hexane, and ethyl acetate by Soxhlet apparatus. The toxicity rate of extracts was estimated on the basis of the number of dead nauplii, or mortality rate byArtemia salina and Artemia uramiana . LC50 values with 95% confidence intervals were determined by the probit analysis. All extracts, exception of B. officinalis displayed 100.0% mortality at 1000 g/ml by A. urmiana and A. salina. Ethyl acetate extract was the most potent and presented the highest percentage of mortality with the lowest LC50 values by both assays too . After ethyl acetate, hexane extract showed the highest toxicity, however, The methanol extract exhibited the lowest mortality .According to A. urmiana and A. salina toxicity results , trend of the extracts P. major &

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